toísech

Old Irish

Etymology

From Primitive Irish ᚈᚑᚃᚔᚄᚐᚉᚔ (tovisaci, genitive), from Proto-Celtic *towissākos (“leader”) (compare Welsh tywysog (“prince”)), from either Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“lead”) or Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“know, see”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈtoːi̯sʲex/

Noun

toísech m (genitive toísig, nominative plural toísig)

leader, chief
first-mentioned thing or person

Declension

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	toísech	toísech^L	toísig^L
Vocative	toísig	toísech^L	toísechu^H
Accusative	toísech^N	toísech^L	toísechu^H
Genitive	toísig^L	toísech	toísech^N
Dative	toísech^L	toísechaib	toísechaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: ^H = triggers aspiration ^L = triggers lenition ^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

Irish: taoiseach, Taoiseach
- → English: Taoiseach
Scottish Gaelic: taoiseach

Adjective

toísech (comparative toísegu)

first
most important
sooner

Declension

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	toísech	toísech	toísech
Vocative	toísig* toísech**	toísech
Accusative	toísech	toísig
Genitive	toísig	toísige	toísig
Dative	toísuch	toísig	toísuch
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	toísig	toísecha
Vocative	toísechu toísecha†
Accusative	toísechu toísecha†
Genitive	toísech
Dative	toísechaib
Notes	modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative *modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
toísech	thoísech	toísech pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.