torqueo
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *torkʷeō, from Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (“to turn”).
Cognates include Latin trīcae, trepidus, turpis, Sanskrit तर्कु (tarkú), Hittite 𒋻𒌑𒍣 (tarúzi) and Old Church Slavonic тракъ (trakŭ). See also English thwart and queer.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈtor.kʷe.oː/, [ˈt̪ɔrkʷeoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈtor.kwe.o/, [ˈt̪ɔrkweo]
Verb
torqueō (present infinitive torquēre, perfect active torsī, supine tortum); second conjugation
- I twist, wind.
- I hurl violently; I spin, whirl.
- I twist or bend awry, distort
- I torment, torture.
Conjugation
Conjugation of torqueō (second conjugation) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | torqueō | torquēs | torquet | torquēmus | torquētis | torquent |
imperfect | torquēbam | torquēbās | torquēbat | torquēbāmus | torquēbātis | torquēbant | |
future | torquēbō | torquēbis | torquēbit | torquēbimus | torquēbitis | torquēbunt | |
perfect | torsī | torsistī | torsit | torsimus | torsistis | torsērunt, torsēre | |
pluperfect | torseram | torserās | torserat | torserāmus | torserātis | torserant | |
future perfect | torserō | torseris | torserit | torserimus | torseritis | torserint | |
passive | present | torqueor | torquēris, torquēre | torquētur | torquēmur | torquēminī | torquentur |
imperfect | torquēbar | torquēbāris, torquēbāre | torquēbātur | torquēbāmur | torquēbāminī | torquēbantur | |
future | torquēbor | torquēberis, torquēbere | torquēbitur | torquēbimur | torquēbiminī | torquēbuntur | |
perfect | tortus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | tortus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | tortus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | torqueam | torqueās | torqueat | torqueāmus | torqueātis | torqueant |
imperfect | torquērem | torquērēs | torquēret | torquērēmus | torquērētis | torquērent | |
perfect | torserim | torserīs | torserit | torserīmus | torserītis | torserint | |
pluperfect | torsissem | torsissēs | torsisset | torsissēmus | torsissētis | torsissent | |
passive | present | torquear | torqueāris, torqueāre | torqueātur | torqueāmur | torqueāminī | torqueantur |
imperfect | torquērer | torquērēris, torquērēre | torquērētur | torquērēmur | torquērēminī | torquērentur | |
perfect | tortus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | tortus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | torquē | — | — | torquēte | — |
future | — | torquētō | torquētō | — | torquētōte | torquentō | |
passive | present | — | torquēre | — | — | torquēminī | — |
future | — | torquētor | torquētor | — | — | torquentor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | torquēre | torsisse | tortūrum esse | torquērī, torquērier1 | tortum esse | tortum īrī | |
participles | torquēns | — | tortūrus | — | tortus | torquendus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
torquendī | torquendō | torquendum | torquendō | tortum | tortū |
1The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.
Derived terms
- attorqueō
- circumtorqueō
- contorqueō
- dētorqueō
- distorqueō
- extorqueō
- intorqueō
- obtorqueō
- pertorqueō
- praetorqueō
- retorqueō
- torculum
- tormentum
- torquēs
- torquis
- torsiō
- torta
- tortē
- tortilis
- tortiō
- tortīvus
- tortō
- tortor
- tortum
- tortuōsus
- tortūra
- tortus
Descendants
- Vulgar Latin: *torcō (see there for further descendants)
- → English: torque
- →? Turkish: tork
- →? Welsh: terchu
References
- “torqueo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “torqueo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- torqueo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to suffer torments of expectation, delay: exspectatione torqueri, cruciari
- to suffer torments of expectation, delay: exspectatione torqueri, cruciari