tordre
French
Etymology
From Old French tordre, tortre, from Vulgar Latin *torcere, from Latin torquēre, from Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (“to turn”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɔʁdʁ/
audio (file)
Verb
tordre
- to twist
- Je me suis tordu la cheville.
- I twisted my ankle.
- to wring
- to bend
Conjugation
Conjugation of tordre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | tordre | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | tordant /tɔʁ.dɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | tordu /tɔʁ.dy/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | tords /tɔʁ/ | tords /tɔʁ/ | tord /tɔʁ/ | tordons /tɔʁ.dɔ̃/ | tordez /tɔʁ.de/ | tordent /tɔʁd/ |
| imperfect | tordais /tɔʁ.dɛ/ | tordais /tɔʁ.dɛ/ | tordait /tɔʁ.dɛ/ | tordions /tɔʁ.djɔ̃/ | tordiez /tɔʁ.dje/ | tordaient /tɔʁ.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | tordis /tɔʁ.di/ | tordis /tɔʁ.di/ | tordit /tɔʁ.di/ | tordîmes /tɔʁ.dim/ | tordîtes /tɔʁ.dit/ | tordirent /tɔʁ.diʁ/ | |
| future | tordrai /tɔʁ.dʁe/ | tordras /tɔʁ.dʁa/ | tordra /tɔʁ.dʁa/ | tordrons /tɔʁ.dʁɔ̃/ | tordrez /tɔʁ.dʁe/ | tordront /tɔʁ.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | tordrais /tɔʁ.dʁɛ/ | tordrais /tɔʁ.dʁɛ/ | tordrait /tɔʁ.dʁɛ/ | tordrions /tɔʁ.dʁi.jɔ̃/ | tordriez /tɔʁ.dʁi.je/ | tordraient /tɔʁ.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | torde /tɔʁd/ | tordes /tɔʁd/ | torde /tɔʁd/ | tordions /tɔʁ.djɔ̃/ | tordiez /tɔʁ.dje/ | tordent /tɔʁd/ |
| imperfect2 | tordisse /tɔʁ.dis/ | tordisses /tɔʁ.dis/ | tordît /tɔʁ.di/ | tordissions /tɔʁ.di.sjɔ̃/ | tordissiez /tɔʁ.di.sje/ | tordissent /tɔʁ.dis/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | tords /tɔʁ/ | — | tordons /tɔʁ.dɔ̃/ | tordez /tɔʁ.de/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- tord-boyaux
- tordre le cou
- tordre le nez
Related terms
- contorsion
- distordre
- entorse
- extorquer
- rétorquer
- retors
- torche
- torcol
- tordu
- tors
- torsion
- tort
- torticolis
- tortilla
- tortiller
- tortionnaire
- tortu
- tortueux
- torture
- tourment
- tourte
- treuil
- trousser
And possibly torve.
Further reading
- “tordre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.