tor
English
Pronunciation
- (US) IPA(key): /tɔɹ/
- (UK) IPA(key): /tɔː(ɹ)/
Audio (AU) (file) - Rhymes: -ɔɹ, -ɔː(ɹ)
- Homophones: tore (in accents with the horse-hoarse merger), torr (all accents), tour (in accents with the pour-poor merger), taw (in non-rhotic accents)
Etymology 1
From Middle English tor, torr-, from Old English torr, tor (“a high rock, lofty hill, tower”), possibly from Proto-Celtic, compare Old Welsh *tor (“hill”); ultimately from Latin turris (“tower”), from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis, “tower”), of non-Indo-European origin.
Cognate with Cornish tor, Scottish Gaelic tòrr, Welsh tŵr, Irish tor, French tor, and Romansch tor/tur/tuor; the first four are from Proto-Celtic (from Latin turris), the last two directly from Latin turris (from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis) and τύρσις (túrsis)). It is not clear whether the Celtic forms were borrowed from Old English or vice versa. Doublet of tower.
![](Images/wiktionary/Tor_on_Knocknagun%252C_Wicklow%252C_Ireland.jpg.webp)
Noun
tor (plural tors)
- (geology) A craggy outcrop of rock on the summit of a hill, created by the erosion and weathering of rock.
- 1901 August – 1902 April, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, chapter 9, in The Hound of the Baskervilles: Another Adventure of Sherlock Holmes, London: George Newnes, […], published 1902, OCLC 487669963:
- The moon was low upon the right, and the jagged pinnacle of a granite tor stood up against the lower curve of its silver disc.
- 1855, Charles Kingsley, Westward Ho!: Or, The Voyages and Adventures of Sir Amyas Leigh, Knight, […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Macmillan & Co., OCLC 1000395614:
- Bursdon and Welsford were then, as now, a rolling range of dreary moors, unbroken by tor or tree, or anything save few and far between a world-old furze-bank which marked the common rights of some distant cattle farm, and crossed then, not as now, by a decent road, but by a rough confused trackway, the remnant of an old Roman road from Clovelly dikes to Launceston.
-
- (South-West England) A hill with such rock formation.
- 2008, Lydia Joyce, Shadows of the Night, Signet Eclipse, →ISBN, page 242:
- She had slipped the letters into her pocket next to the packet of antique documents and had taken an umbrella—as the sky was ominous out over the distant tors—and strolled around the manor house and down the road toward the village.
-
Translations
|
Adjective
tor (comparative more tor, superlative most tor)
- Alternative form of tore ("hard, difficult; strong; rich").
See also
- TOR
- Tor
- torr
- Torr
Anagrams
- ORT, OTR, ROT, RTO, TRO, ort, rot
Afrikaans
Etymology
From Dutch tor, from Middle Dutch torre. cf. the probably cognate Germanic etymology of dor.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɔr/
Audio (file)
Noun
tor (plural torre)
- beetle
Aromanian
Alternative forms
- tornu
Etymology
From Latin tornō. Compare Romanian turna, torn.
Verb
tor (third-person singular present indicative tore, past participle turate)
- I return, come back.
- I pour.
- I respond.
- I rethink.
Related terms
- turari
- turat
- arãstor
See also
- vers
Azerbaijani
Cyrillic | ||
---|---|---|
Perso-Arabic | تور |
Etymology
Inherited from Common Turkic *tor. Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (tor, “net”), Southern Altai тор (tor, “scum”).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Noun
tor (definite accusative toru, plural torlar)
- net
Declension
Declension of tor | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | tor | torlar | ||||||
definite accusative | toru | torları | ||||||
dative | tora | torlara | ||||||
locative | torda | torlarda | ||||||
ablative | tordan | torlardan | ||||||
definite genitive | torun | torların |
Possessive forms of tor | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | ||||||||
singular | plural | |||||||
mənim (“my”) | torum | torlarım | ||||||
sənin (“your”) | torun | torların | ||||||
onun (“his/her/its”) | toru | torları | ||||||
bizim (“our”) | torumuz | torlarımız | ||||||
sizin (“your”) | torunuz | torlarınız | ||||||
onların (“their”) | toru or torları | torları | ||||||
accusative | ||||||||
singular | plural | |||||||
mənim (“my”) | torumu | torlarımı | ||||||
sənin (“your”) | torunu | torlarını | ||||||
onun (“his/her/its”) | torunu | torlarını | ||||||
bizim (“our”) | torumuzu | torlarımızı | ||||||
sizin (“your”) | torunuzu | torlarınızı | ||||||
onların (“their”) | torunu or torlarını | torlarını | ||||||
dative | ||||||||
singular | plural | |||||||
mənim (“my”) | toruma | torlarıma | ||||||
sənin (“your”) | toruna | torlarına | ||||||
onun (“his/her/its”) | toruna | torlarına | ||||||
bizim (“our”) | torumuza | torlarımıza | ||||||
sizin (“your”) | torunuza | torlarınıza | ||||||
onların (“their”) | toruna or torlarına | torlarına | ||||||
locative | ||||||||
singular | plural | |||||||
mənim (“my”) | torumda | torlarımda | ||||||
sənin (“your”) | torunda | torlarında | ||||||
onun (“his/her/its”) | torunda | torlarında | ||||||
bizim (“our”) | torumuzda | torlarımızda | ||||||
sizin (“your”) | torunuzda | torlarınızda | ||||||
onların (“their”) | torunda or torlarında | torlarında | ||||||
ablative | ||||||||
singular | plural | |||||||
mənim (“my”) | torumdan | torlarımdan | ||||||
sənin (“your”) | torundan | torlarından | ||||||
onun (“his/her/its”) | torundan | torlarından | ||||||
bizim (“our”) | torumuzdan | torlarımızdan | ||||||
sizin (“your”) | torunuzdan | torlarınızdan | ||||||
onların (“their”) | torundan or torlarından | torlarından | ||||||
genitive | ||||||||
singular | plural | |||||||
mənim (“my”) | torumun | torlarımın | ||||||
sənin (“your”) | torunun | torlarının | ||||||
onun (“his/her/its”) | torunun | torlarının | ||||||
bizim (“our”) | torumuzun | torlarımızın | ||||||
sizin (“your”) | torunuzun | torlarınızın | ||||||
onların (“their”) | torunun or torlarının | torlarının |
Breton
Etymology
From Middle Breton torr, teur, from Old Breton tar, from Proto-Celtic *torr-V- (“belly”), of uncertain origin; according to Matasovic, of non-Indo-European origin, but according to MacBain, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to turn, rub”), cognate with Proto-Germanic *þarmaz (“guts, intestines”), Ancient Greek τάμισος (támisos, “rennet”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtoːr/
Noun
tor m (plural torioù, collective toroù)
- (anatomy) belly, stomach, abdomen
Synonyms
- kof
Noun
tor
- Hard mutation of dor.
Mutation
Breton consonant mutation | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
unmutated | soft | aspirate | hard | |
singular | tor | dor | zor | unchanged |
plural | torioù | dorioù | zorioù | unchanged |
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “torrV-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 385
- MacBain, Alexander; Mackay, Eneas (1911), “tor”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Stirling, →ISBN, page tàrr
Cimbrian
Etymology
From Middle High German tor, from Old High German tor, from Proto-Germanic *durą (“large door; gate”). Cognate with German Tor, English door.
Noun
tor n (Luserna)
- gate, gateway
- large doorway
References
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /toːr/, [tˢoːˀɐ̯]
Verb
tor
- present of to
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch torre, of uncertain origin, possibly an imitative Middle Dutch base turren (“buzz”). Compare cognate West Frisian tuorre, toarre.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɔr/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: tor
- Rhymes: -ɔr
Noun
tor f (plural torren, diminutive torretje n)
- beetle, insect of the order Coleoptera
Synonyms
- kever
Derived terms
- boktor
- kniptor
- meeltor
- schildpadtor
- watertor
Descendants
- Afrikaans: tor
Further reading
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “tor”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Anagrams
- rot
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtor]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: tor
- Rhymes: -or
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
tor (plural torok)
- (literary, archaic or folksy) meal, repast, feast (ceremonial meal held after weddings, funerals, or other special occasions)
- Synonym: lakoma
- halotti tor ― funeral feast
- disznótor ― meal on pig-killing day (literally, “pig meal”)
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | tor | torok |
accusative | tort | torokat |
dative | tornak | toroknak |
instrumental | torral | torokkal |
causal-final | torért | torokért |
translative | torrá | torokká |
terminative | torig | torokig |
essive-formal | torként | torokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | torban | torokban |
superessive | toron | torokon |
adessive | tornál | toroknál |
illative | torba | torokba |
sublative | torra | torokra |
allative | torhoz | torokhoz |
elative | torból | torokból |
delative | torról | torokról |
ablative | tortól | toroktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular | toré | toroké |
non-attributive possessive - plural | toréi | torokéi |
Possessive forms of tor | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | torom | toraim |
2nd person sing. | torod | toraid |
3rd person sing. | tora | torai |
1st person plural | torunk | toraink |
2nd person plural | torotok | toraitok |
3rd person plural | toruk | toraik |
Derived terms
- disznótor
Etymology 2
From Latin thorax, from Ancient Greek θώραξ (thṓrax, “breastplate, chest”), created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.
Noun
tor (plural torok)
- (zoology) thorax (of an arthropod)
- Coordinate terms: fej, potroh
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | tor | torok |
accusative | tort | torokat |
dative | tornak | toroknak |
instrumental | torral | torokkal |
causal-final | torért | torokért |
translative | torrá | torokká |
terminative | torig | torokig |
essive-formal | torként | torokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | torban | torokban |
superessive | toron | torokon |
adessive | tornál | toroknál |
illative | torba | torokba |
sublative | torra | torokra |
allative | torhoz | torokhoz |
elative | torból | torokból |
delative | torról | torokról |
ablative | tortól | toroktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular | toré | toroké |
non-attributive possessive - plural | toréi | torokéi |
Possessive forms of tor | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | torom | toraim |
2nd person sing. | torod | toraid |
3rd person sing. | tora | torai |
1st person plural | torunk | toraink |
2nd person plural | torotok | toraitok |
3rd person plural | toruk | toraik |
Further reading
- (ceremonial meal): tor in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (thorax): tor in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [t̪ˠɔɾˠ]
Etymology 1
From Old Irish tor.
Noun
tor m (genitive singular toir, nominative plural toir)
- bush, shrub; clump, tuft
- Synonym: tom
- head (of cabbage)
- Synonym: ceann
Declension
First declension
Bare forms:
| Forms with the definite article:
|
Derived terms
- ó thor go tom (“from pillar to post”)
- tor caprais (“caper”)
- tor nimhe (“poison oak”)
Etymology 2
Probably from Proto-Celtic (Cornish tor, Scottish Gaelic tòrr), possibly borrowed from Old English torr (“a high rock, tower”), though the reverse is more likely; all ultimately from Latin turris (“tower”) and of non-Indo-European origin.
More at English tor and tor. Also compare Latin Taurini.
Noun
tor m (genitive singular toir, nominative plural toir)
- (geography) tall rock; steep rocky height
- (literary) tower; towering warrior, pillar (of battle)
Declension
First declension
Bare forms:
| Forms with the definite article:
|
Further reading
- Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “tor”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
Noun
tor m
- Alternative form of toradh
Noun
tor m (genitive singular toir, nominative plural toir)
- Alternative form of tarathar
Declension
First declension
Bare forms:
| Forms with the definite article:
|
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “tor”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “tor” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
tor | thor | dtor |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Occitan
Etymology
From Latin turris, turrim.
Pronunciation
Audio (Gascon) (file)
Noun
tor f (plural tors)
- tower
- Synonym: torre
- (chess) rook
See also
Chess pieces in Occitan · pèças d'escacs (layout · text) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
rèi | rèina | tor | fòl | cavalièr | pion |
Old French
Etymology 1
From Latin turris, turrim, from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis).
Alternative forms
- tur, tour, toer
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tur/
- Rhymes: -ur
Noun
tor f (oblique plural tors, nominative singular tor, nominative plural tors)
- tower
Descendants
- Middle French: tour
- French: tour
- → Breton: tour
- French: tour
- Walloon: tour
- → Middle Low German: tōrn, tōren
- German Low German: Toorn, Toren
- → Estonian: torn
- → Latvian: tornis
- → Old Norse: turn
- Danish: tårn
- Faroese: torn
- Icelandic: turn
- Norwegian: tårn
- → Northern Sami: toardna
- Swedish: torn
- → Finnish: torni
- → Old Dutch: turn
- Middle Dutch: torre
- Dutch: toren
- Afrikaans: toring
- Negerhollands: tooren, torm, toorn
- → Aukan: tolen
- → Saramaccan: tolu
- Limburgish: toeare
- West Flemish: torre
- Dutch: toren
- Middle Dutch: torre
- → Old English: torr, tūr, tor
- Middle English: tour, thour, tor, tore, toure, towere, towour, tur
- English: tower
- → German: Tower
- → Hindi: टावर (ṭāvar)
- → Japanese: タワー (tawā)
- → Korean: 타워 (tawo)
- → Northern Kurdish: tawer
- → Punjabi: ਟਾਵਰ (ṭāvar)
- Scots: tour, towr
- Yola: toweare
- English: tower
- Middle English: tour, thour, tor, tore, toure, towere, towour, tur
- → Old Frisian: torn
- West Frisian: toer
- → Old High German: torn
- Middle High German: turn, turm
- Alemannic German: Durm, Tuure
- Bavarian: Tuam
- Luxembourgish: Tur
- German: Turm, Thurm
- → Hungarian: torony
- → Lower Sorbian: torm
- → Luxembourgish: Tuerm
- → Romanian: turn
- Yiddish: טורעם (turem)
- → Polish: turma
- Middle High German: turn, turm
- → Irish: túr
- → Scottish Gaelic: tùr
Etymology 2
From Latin taurus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɔr/
- Rhymes: -ɔr
Noun
tor m (oblique plural tors, nominative singular tors, nominative plural tor)
- bull (bovine)
Derived terms
- torel (whence French taureau)
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɔr/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔr
- Syllabification: tor
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *torъ, from *terti.
Noun
tor m inan
- track, course, path
- rail track
- lane (a part of a sports track)
- trajectory
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | tor | tory |
genitive | toru | torów |
dative | torowi | torom |
accusative | tor | tory |
instrumental | torem | torami |
locative | torze | torach |
vocative | torze | tory |
Derived terms
- dwutorowy
- torowy
- podtorze
- torowiec
- torowisko
- torować
Etymology 2
From Latin thorium, from Old Scandinavian Thorr.
Noun
Chemical element | |
---|---|
Th | |
Previous: aktyn (Ac) | |
Next: protaktyn (Pa) |
tor m inan
- thorium
Declension
singular | |
---|---|
nominative | tor |
genitive | toru |
dative | torowi |
accusative | tor |
instrumental | torem |
locative | torze |
vocative | torze |
Etymology 3
Named for Evangelista Torricelli, an Italian physicist.
Noun
tor m (symbol Tr)
- torr
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | tor | tory |
genitive | tora | torów |
dative | torowi | torom |
accusative | tora | tory |
instrumental | torem | torami |
locative | torze | torach |
vocative | torze | tory |
Etymology 4
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
tor
- genitive plural of tora
Further reading
- tor in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- tor in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
Etymology
From Latin torus.
Noun
tor n (plural toruri)
- torus
Romansch
Alternative forms
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan) tur
- (Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader) tuor
Etymology
From Latin turris, turrem, from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis).
Noun
tor m (plural tors)
- (Surmiran) tower
Scanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [téʊːɐ]
Noun
tor
- March (month)
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *torъ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tôːr/
Noun
tȏr m (Cyrillic spelling то̑р)
- corral, cote
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | tȏr | tòrovi |
genitive | tora | torova |
dative | toru | torovima |
accusative | tor | torove |
vocative | toru | torovi |
locative | toru | torovima |
instrumental | torom | torovima |
Turkish
Alternative forms
- toru
- toy
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *tōr- (“a kind of young animal”). Related to toy.
Noun
tor (definite accusative toru, plural torlar)
- young
- novice
- whelp
- beginner
- recruit
Declension
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | tor | |
Definite accusative | toru | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | tor | torlar |
Definite accusative | toru | torları |
Dative | tora | torlara |
Locative | torda | torlarda |
Ablative | tordan | torlardan |
Genitive | torun | torların |
References
- „tor“ in the dictionary of the Turkish language (TDK)
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “toraman”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “torun”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “torlak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Uzbek
Other scripts | |
---|---|
Cyrillic | тор (tor) |
Latin | tor |
Perso-Arabic |
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *d(i)ār.
Adjective
tor (comparative torroq, superlative eng tor)
- narrow, tight
Noun
tor (plural torlar)
- string
Venetian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
tor
- (transitive) to take
- (transitive) to get
Volapük
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [toɾ]
Noun
tor (nominative plural tors)
- bull
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | tor | tors |
genitive | tora | toras |
dative | tore | tores |
accusative | tori | toris |
vocative 1 | o tor! | o tors! |
predicative 2 | toru | torus |
- 1 status as a case is disputed
- 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only
Synonyms
- hibub
Antonyms
- kun
- jibub
Derived terms
- torül (“bull calf, male calf”)
Welsh
Alternative forms
- torra (second-person singular imperative)
- torriff (colloquial, third-person singular present/future)
- torrith (colloquial, third-person singular present/future)
- tyr (literary, third-person singular present/future)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɔr/
Verb
tor
- (literary) third-person singular present/future of torri
- (literary) second-person singular imperative of torri
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
tor | dor | nhor | thor |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |