tonus
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin tonus (“a sound, tone”). See tone.
Noun
tonus (countable and uncountable, plural tonuses)
- (biology) tonicity; tone
- muscular tonus
- 1956, Personal character and cultural milieu: a collection of readings
- Dr. H. S. Sullivan, for example, is known to many for his acute understanding of the postural tonuses of his patients.
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for tonus in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913)
Anagrams
- Notus, Tuson, noust, nouts, nutso, snout
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin tonus. Doublet of ton, an earlier borrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tɔ.nys/
Audio (file)
Noun
tonus m (plural tonus)
- muscle tone, tonicity, tonus
- (by extension) energy, strength
Related terms
- tonicité
- tonifier
Further reading
- “tonus”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin
Etymology
From Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos, “tone”), from Proto-Hellenic *tónos, from Proto-Indo-European *tón-os, from *ten- (“stretch”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈto.nus/, [ˈt̪ɔnʊs̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈto.nus/, [ˈt̪ɔːnus]
Noun
tonus m (genitive tonī); second declension
- The stretching or straining of a rope.
- (by extension) A strain; tension.
- (figuratively) The pitch, sound or tone of something.
- (figuratively) A crack of thunder.
Declension
Second-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | tonus | tonī |
Genitive | tonī | tonōrum |
Dative | tonō | tonīs |
Accusative | tonum | tonōs |
Ablative | tonō | tonīs |
Vocative | tone | tonī |
Descendants
- Asturian: truenu; → tonu
- Catalan: tro; → to
- Dalmatian: tun
- → Dutch: toon
- → Old French: ton
- → Middle English: tone
- ⇒ Middle English: tune
- English: tune
- ⇒ Middle English: tune
- → Middle English: tone
- → French: ton
- → English: ton
- → French: tonus
- Friulian: ton, tron
- Galician: trono; → ton
- Italian: tuono; → tono
- Occitan: tron; → ton
- Portuguese: trom; → tom (semi-learned), tono, tónus
- Romagnol: tràun
- Romanian: tun; → ton
- Romansch: tun, tung
- → Russian: то́нус (tónus), тон (ton)
- Sardinian: tronu
- Sicilian: tronu; → tonu
- Spanish: trueno; → tono
- → English: tone (or through Old French)
- → English: tonus
- → Welsh: tôn
See also
- tonō
References
- “tonus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- tonus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- tonus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Romanian
Etymology
From French tonus.
Noun
tonus n (plural tonusuri)
- muscle tone
- tonus
Declension
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) tonus | tonusul | (niște) tonusuri | tonusurile |
genitive/dative | (unui) tonus | tonusului | (unor) tonusuri | tonusurilor |
vocative | tonusule | tonusurilor |