-ton
See also: ton, Ton, TON, tón, tòn, tốn, tợn, and Appendix:Variations of "ton"
English
Etymology
From Middle English -ton, -tone, -tune, from Old English -tūn, derived from Old English tūn (“town”). Doublet of town.
Suffix
-ton
- Place-name suffix, originally denoting a town or enclosure of buildings.
- Washington
- (mathematics, bridge) A set of specific objects or persons.
Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:English_words_suffixed_with_-ton' title='Category:English words suffixed with -ton'>English words suffixed with -ton</a>
Anagrams
- NOT, NTO, Not., ONT, Ont, Ont., TNO, not, not., on't
Classical Nahuatl
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-toːn/, [-toːn̥]
Suffix
-tōn (plural -totōn)
- (appended to nouns) a diminutive suffix; forms nouns denoting smallness, and rarely insignificance.
| Examples |
|---|
|
Usage notes
- The diminutive element -tōn is inserted between the noun stem and the absolutive or possessive ending if there is one.
- The suffix -tōn takes the plural form -totōn(tin), undergoing reduplication plus the addition of the plural suffix -tin.
- piltōntli (“small child”) → pīpiltotōntin (“small children”)
- If the stem does not take an absolutive suffix (i.e. -tli and its assimilated forms, -tl and -li), the resulting diminutive does not either, and -tin is omitted in the plural.
- chichitōn (“small dog”) → chichitotōn (“small dogs”)
- The same can also happen with nouns taking the absolutive -in.
- quimichin (“mouse”) → quimichtōn (“small mouse”), but citlālin (“star”) → citlāltōntli (“small star”)
Synonyms
- (diminutive affix): -pīl, tepitōn, -tzin
Antonyms
- (augmentative affix): huēyi, -pōl
Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Classical_Nahuatl_words_suffixed_with_-ton' title='Category:Classical Nahuatl words suffixed with -ton'>Classical Nahuatl words suffixed with -ton</a>
References
- Frances Karttunen (1992) An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl, University of Oklahoma Press, page 247
- James Lockhart (2001) Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts, Stanford University Press, page 240
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-t'oin, from Proto-Uralic *-ktama. Probably related to Northern Sámi -heapme and Moksha -фтома (-ftoma).
Suffix
-ton (front vowel harmony variant -tön)
- Indicates lack of something; -less.
- aika (“time”) + -ton → ajaton (“timeless”)
- järki (“sense”) + -ton → järjetön (“senseless”)
- maku (“taste”) + -ton → mauton (“tasteless”)
- ääri (“border”) + -ton → ääretön (“infinite”)
Usage notes
Added to the genitive singular (weak grade) stem.
Declension
| Inflection of -ton (Kotus type 34/onneton, tt-t gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -ton | -ttomat | |
| genitive | -ttoman | -ttomien | |
| partitive | -tonta | -ttomia | |
| illative | -ttomaan | -ttomiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | -ton | -ttomat | |
| accusative | nom. | -ton | -ttomat |
| gen. | -ttoman | ||
| genitive | -ttoman | -ttomien -tontenrare | |
| partitive | -tonta | -ttomia | |
| inessive | -ttomassa | -ttomissa | |
| elative | -ttomasta | -ttomista | |
| illative | -ttomaan | -ttomiin | |
| adessive | -ttomalla | -ttomilla | |
| ablative | -ttomalta | -ttomilta | |
| allative | -ttomalle | -ttomille | |
| essive | -ttomana | -ttomina | |
| translative | -ttomaksi | -ttomiksi | |
| instructive | — | -ttomin | |
| abessive | -ttomatta | -ttomitta | |
| comitative | — | -ttomine | |
Antonyms
- -llinen
Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Finnish_words_suffixed_with_-ton' title='Category:Finnish words suffixed with -ton'>Finnish words suffixed with -ton</a>
See also
- -maton