-tok
See also: tok, Tok, tók, tök, and -tök
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [tok]
Suffix
-tok
- (personal suffix) Used to form the second-person plural present tense of verbs (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).
- tanul (“to study”) → tanultok (“you study, you are studying”)
- (possessive suffix) your (second-person plural informal, single possession)
- hajó (“ship”) → a hajótok (“your ship”)
- alma (“apple”) → az almátok (“your apple”)
Usage notes
Present tense indefinite - personal endings
| Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||
| én | 1st person singular | -ok | -ek | -ök |
| -ik verbs (optional) | -om | -em | -öm | |
| te | 2nd person singular | -sz | ||
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -asz | -esz | ||
| after s, sz, z, dz | -ol | -el | -öl | |
| ő maga ön | 3rd person singular | – | ||
| -ik verbs | -ik | |||
| mi | 1st person plural | -unk | -ünk | |
| ti | 2nd person plural | -tok | -tek | -tök |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -otok | -etek | -ötök | |
| ők maguk önök | 3rd person plural | -nak | -nek | |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anak | -enek | ||
- (personal suffix) Variants:
- -tok is added to back vowel verbs
- -tek is added to unrounded front vowel verbs
- -tök is added to rounded front vowel verbs
- -otok is added to back vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
- -etek is added to unrounded front vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
- -ötök is added to rounded front vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
- (possessive suffix) Variants:
- -tok is added to back vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-.
- -tek is added to unrounded front vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-.
- -tök is added to rounded front vowel words ending in a vowel
- -otok is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant
- -atok is added to other back vowel words ending in a consonant
- -etek is added to unrounded front vowel words ending in a consonant
- -ötök is added to rounded front vowel words ending in a consonant
See also
- Category:Hungarian noun forms
- Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes