toff

See also: töff and tøff

English

Etymology

Probably an alteration of tuft, referring to the gold tassel on the cap worn by titled undergraduates at English universities.

Noun

toff (plural toffs)

(obsolete) An elegantly dressed person.
- 1899, Kipling, Rudyard, “Judson and the Empire”, in Many Inventions‎, New York: D. Appleton & Company, page 398:
  Last week down our alley came a toff, / Nice old geyser with a nasty cough, / Sees my missus, takes his topper off, / Quite in a gentlemanly way
- 1901 August – 1902 April, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, chapter 5, in The Hound of the Baskervilles: Another Adventure of Sherlock Holmes, London: George Newnes, […], published 1902, OCLC 487669963:
  The cabman scratched his head. "Well, he wasn't altogether such an easy gentleman to describe. I'd put him at forty years of age, and he was of a middle height, two or three inches shorter than you, sir. He was dressed like a toff, and he had a black beard, cut square at the end, and a pale face. I don't know as I could say more than that."
(Britain, derogatory) A person of the upper class or with pretensions to it, who usually communicates an air of superiority.
- 1912, George Bernard Shaw, “Appendix”, in Pygmalion‎:
  Now Freddy is young, practically twenty years younger than Higgins: he is a gentleman (or, as Eliza would qualify him, a toff), and speaks like one; he is nicely dressed, […]
- 1914 June, James Joyce, “Ivy Day in the Committee Room”, in Dubliners, London: Grant Richards, OCLC 1170255194:
  “Well, I got Parkes for one, and I got Atkinson for two, and got Ward of Dawson Street. Fine old chap he is, too—regular old toff, old Conservative! ‘But isn’t your candidate a Nationalist?’ said he.
- 1972, Donald Gould, "A Groundling's Notebook", New Scientist, Vol. 55, No. 812, p. 512:
  I came home first class—up the front end with the toffs—semi-anaesthetised throughout the trip by caviar and free champagne—and to hell with frugality and the conservation of resources.
- 1998 April 11, Paul McCartney, Billboard, p. 34:
  George Martin always seemed to me to be a "toff" and a gentleman even though his roots, like many of us, were in the common people. George has a touch of class that is quite impressive.
- 2000 December 18, BBC and Bafta Tribute to Michael Caine, 16:43–17:05:
  Parkinson: You made films before, but the part that really made your name was Zulu, wasn't it […] and there of course—against type—you played the toff, you played the officer.
  Caine: I played the officer, yeah, and everybody thought I was like that. Everyone was so shocked when they met me, this like Cockney guy had played this toffee-nosed git.
- 2012, John Roberts, How the Dice Fell, p. 186:
  I like to see the toffs being toffs. The women all glammed up, the blokes in their tails and top 'ats, all braying and flinging their money around. Confirms all my prejudices. Just a reminder of who my enemies are.

Antonyms

pleb

Derived terms

toffy

Translations

1. (obsolete) An elegantly dressed person

Bulgarian: конте n (konte), франт m (frant)
German: Stutzer (de) m, Geck (de) m

2. (Britain, derogatory) A person of the upper class, or with pretensions to it

Dutch: fijne mijnheer, banjer (nl)
German: Pinkel (de) m
Portuguese: alta-roda (pt) f, grã-fino m, granfa m or f, bacana (pt) m or f
Russian: дже́нтльмен (ru) m (džéntlʹmen), бе́лая кость (ru) m (bélaja kostʹ)
Spanish: gente de arriba f, ricachón m, pijo (es) (Spain), concheto (es) (Argentina)

References

Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “toff”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.