tj
See also: TJ, .tj, tj., and -tj
Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /ti/
- Conventional anglicization: ti
Determiner
f sg proximal demonstrative determiner
- (Old Egyptian) this
Usage notes
This demonstrative follows the noun it describes. By Middle Egyptian, it had become tw.
Inflection
Old Egyptian demonstratives
determiners | pronouns1 | adverbs | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
number | singular | dual | plural | unmarked | ||||
gender | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | unmarked | |
proximal to speaker | pn | tn, jtn | jpnj | jptnj | jpn | jptn | nn | — |
distal | pf | tf | jpfj | jptfj | jpf | jptf | nf | — |
proximal to spoken of | pj, pw, py, p | tj, tw, jtw | jpwj | jptwj | jpw | jptw | nw | — |
vocative | pꜣ | tꜣ | — | — | — | — | nꜣ | ꜥꜣ |
|
Middle Egyptian demonstratives
determiners and pronouns | adverbs | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
number | singular | plural1 | ||||
gender | masculine | feminine | unmarked | |||
proximal | pn | tn | nn | ꜥn | ||
distal | pf, pfꜣ | tf, tfꜣ | nf, nfꜣ | ꜥf | ||
‘copula’; vocative | pw, pwy | tw, twy | nw | — | ||
anaphoric | pꜣ | tꜣ | nꜣ | ꜥꜣ | ||
|
Late Egyptian demonstratives and articles
masculine | feminine | plural | adverb | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pronoun | pꜣw | dj | ||||
determiners and pronouns | pꜣj | tꜣj | nꜣj | |||
possessive determiners (used with suffix pronouns) | pꜣy | tꜣy | nꜣy | |||
relational pronouns (‘possessive prefixes’) | p-n, pꜣ | t-nt, tꜣ | nꜣyw, nꜣ | |||
definite articles | pꜣ | tꜣ | nꜣ1 | |||
indefinite articles | wꜥ1 | nhꜣy1 | ||||
|
Etymology 2
Loprieno considers tj a development of (j)sṯ, stj (“while”), from Old Egyptian sk. Allen instead sees it as related to tjw (“yes”).
Particle
proclitic
- converts a sentence with adverbial or verbal predicate into a dependent adverbial (circumstantial) clause; yea, while, when, although
- Synonym: jsṯ
Usage notes
When the dependent clause introduced by tj has a personal pronoun as its subject, it takes the dependent form.
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of tj
tj |
Pronoun
c sg 2. enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun
- Late Egyptian variant of ṯw (“you”)
References
- Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 145.
- Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 77
Finnish
Pronunciation
- As toimitusjohtaja.
- IPA(key): /ˈteːˌjiː/, [ˈt̪e̞ːˌjiː] (rare)
Noun
tj
- Abbreviation of toimitusjohtaja (“CEO, MD”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈteːˌjiː/, [ˈt̪e̞ːˌjiː]
Phrase
tj
- (military slang) Initialism of tänään jäljellä (“days left of military service (today)”, literally “left/remaining today”).
- Tj on 347, kunnes toisin todistetaan.
- One has 347 days left until proven otherwise.
- Tj on 347, kunnes toisin todistetaan.