testis

testis

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin testis.

Noun

testis (plural testes)

1. (anatomy) A testicle of a vertebrate.
2. (biology) An analogous gland in invertebrates such as the hydra.

Related terms

• testicle, testicular
• testicond

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Latin

Etymology 1

For *terstis, from Proto-Italic *tristis, from Proto-Indo-European *tristh₂s ("a third party standing", after the two parties to a contract or dispute), from *tréyes (“three”) and *steh₂- (“to stand”). Compare Oscan trstus (“witnesses”, nominative plural)[1][2][3][4].

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈtes.tis/, [ˈt̪ɛs̠t̪ɪs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈtes.tis/, [ˈt̪ɛst̪is]

Noun

testis m or f (genitive testis); third declension

1. witness

   Synonyms: arbiter, auctor

2. one who testifies or attests

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	testis	testēs
Genitive	testis	testium
Dative	testī	testibus
Accusative	testem	testēs testīs
Ablative	teste	testibus
Vocative	testis	testēs

Derived terms

• testor

Related terms

• testātiō
• testātus
• testificātiō
• testificor
• testimōnium

 

Descendants

• → Italian: teste (learned)
• → Proto-Brythonic: *tɨst
  • Middle Welsh: tyst
    • Welsh: tyst

Etymology 2

Of disputed origin. Perhaps either:

• From some particular use of testis (“witness”), as in "bearing witness to virility" or "two together" (considering also the slang uses in Ancient Greek of παραστάται (parastátai, “colleagues, testicles”) and, more recently, French témoins)
• Related to testa (“pot, shell”).[5]

Noun

testis m (genitive testis); third declension

1. testicle
   • c. 254 BCE – 184 BCE, Plautus, Miles Gloriosus 1426:

     Si posthac prehendero ego te hīc, carebis testibus.

     If, after this time, I catch you here again, you will be missing your testicles.

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	testis	testēs
Genitive	testis	testium
Dative	testī	testibus
Accusative	testem	testēs testīs
Ablative	teste	testibus
Vocative	testis	testēs

Derived terms

• testiculus

Descendants

• → English: testis (learned)
• → Indonesian: testis (learned)
• → Italian: teste (learned)
• → Serbo-Croatian: (learned)

  Cyrillic: тестис

  Latin: tȅstis

• → Turkish: testis (learned)

References

• “testis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “testis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• testis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• testis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • an important witness: testis gravis
    
  • a witness worthy of all credit: testis locuples
    
  • an impartial witness: testis incorruptus atque integer
    
  • to cite a person to give evidence on a matter: aliquem testem alicuius rei (in aliquid) citare
    
  • to use some one's evidence: aliquem testem adhibere
    
  • to use some one's evidence: aliquo teste uti
    
  • to produce as a witness: aliquem testem dare, edere, proferre
    
  • to produce as a witness: aliquem testem producere
    
  • to appear as witness against a person: testem prodire (in aliquem)
    
  • to be convicted by some one's evidence: testibus teneri, convictum esse
    
  • this shows, proves..: testis est, testatur, declarat
    
• “testis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “testis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

1. J. Gvozdanović, Indo-European numerals, §12.5.3.1.
2. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1004
3. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1090
4. Skutsch, Franz (1897), “Zur lateinischen Grammatik. 4. Testis ‘zeuge’”, in Beiträge zur Kunde der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 23, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 100–104
5. Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “testis”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin testis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /têstis/
• Hyphenation: te‧stis

Noun

tȅstis m (Cyrillic spelling те̏стис)

1. (anatomy) testicle

Declension

Declension of testis

	singular	plural
nominative	tȅstis	tȅstisi
genitive	tȅstisa	tȅstīsā
dative	tȅstisu	tȅstisima
accusative	tȅstis	tȅstise
vocative	tȅstisu	tȅstisi
locative	tȅstisu	tȅstisima
instrumental	tȅstisom	tȅstisima

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Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin testis.

Noun

testis

1. testicle

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	testis
Definite accusative	testisi
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	testis	testisler
Definite accusative	testisi	testisleri
Dative	testise	testislere
Locative	testiste	testislerde
Ablative	testisten	testislerden
Genitive	testisin	testislerin
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular testisim testislerim 2nd singular testisin testislerin 3rd singular testisi testisleri 1st plural testisimiz testislerimiz 2nd plural testisiniz testisleriniz 3rd plural testisleri testisleri Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular testisimi testislerimi 2nd singular testisini testislerini 3rd singular testisini testislerini 1st plural testisimizi testislerimizi 2nd plural testisinizi testislerinizi 3rd plural testislerini testislerini Dative Singular Plural 1st singular testisime testislerime 2nd singular testisine testislerine 3rd singular testisine testislerine 1st plural testisimize testislerimize 2nd plural testisinize testislerinize 3rd plural testislerine testislerine Locative Singular Plural 1st singular testisimde testislerimde 2nd singular testisinde testislerinde 3rd singular testisinde testislerinde 1st plural testisimizde testislerimizde 2nd plural testisinizde testislerinizde 3rd plural testislerinde testislerinde Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular testisimden testislerimden 2nd singular testisinden testislerinden 3rd singular testisinden testislerinden 1st plural testisimizden testislerimizden 2nd plural testisinizden testislerinizden 3rd plural testislerinden testislerinden Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular testisimin testislerimin 2nd singular testisinin testislerinin 3rd singular testisinin testislerinin 1st plural testisimizin testislerimizin 2nd plural testisinizin testislerinizin 3rd plural testislerinin testislerinin

Synonyms

• er bezi

See also

• taşak (vulgar)