tenebra
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin tenebra.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /təˈne.bɾə/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /teˈne.bɾa/
Noun
tenebra f (plural tenebres)
- Profound darkness.
- L'autèntic drama no habita en el cor de les tenebres, sinó en les tenebres del cor.
- Authentic drama doesn't reside in the heart of darkness but in the darkness of the heart.
- (in the plural, Christianity) Tenebrae (Holy Week religious service)
Usage notes
- Used especially in the plural
Further reading
- “tenebra” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “tenebra” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Italian
Etymology
From Latin tenebra.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɛ.ne.bra/[1]
- Rhymes: -ɛnebra
- Hyphenation: tè‧ne‧bra
Noun
tenebra f (plural tenebre)
- (usually in the plural) darkness, gloom, night
References
- tenebre in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Anagrams
- nerbate
Latin
Etymology
Arose by dissimilation from earlier *temebrai, arisen from Proto-Italic *temasro, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-s-ro (“dark”), a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *temH- (“dark”); cognate with Sanskrit तमिस्र (tamisra), Avestan 𐬙𐬄𐬚𐬭𐬀 (tąθra), Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾr /tār/, “darkness”), Ossetian тар (tar), and Old Church Slavonic тьмьнъ (tĭmĭnŭ).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈte.ne.bra/, [ˈt̪ɛnɛbrä]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈte.ne.bra/, [ˈt̪ɛːnebrä]
Noun
tenebra f (genitive tenebrae); first declension
- (in the plural) darkness, shadow, gloom, obscurity
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Genesis 1:2:
- Terra autem erat inānis et vacua, et tenebrae erant super faciem abyssī et spīritus Deī ferēbātur super aquās.
- And the earth was void and empty, and darkness was upon the face of the deep; and the spirit of God moved over the waters.
- Terra autem erat inānis et vacua, et tenebrae erant super faciem abyssī et spīritus Deī ferēbātur super aquās.
- ignorance
- concealment
Usage notes
Almost always used in the plural rather than the singular.
Declension
First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tenebra | tenebrae |
| Genitive | tenebrae | tenebrārum |
| Dative | tenebrae | tenebrīs |
| Accusative | tenebram | tenebrās |
| Ablative | tenebrā | tenebrīs |
| Vocative | tenebra | tenebrae |
Descendants
- Galician: tebras
- Portuguese: treva, tênebra
- Spanish: tiniebla
- → Catalan: tenebra
- → French: ténèbres
- → Romanian: tenebră
- → English: tenebrose, tenebrous
- → Italian: tenebra
References
- tenebra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- tenebra in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “tenebrae”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 512