ten

See also: Ten, TEN, tén, tèn, tên, and -ten

Translingual

Etymology

From English ten.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈtɛn]

Noun

ten

(international standards) NATO, ICAO, ITU& IMO radiotelephony code for 10, used only with o'clock to indicate direction

English

**English numbers ^(edit)**
		100
← 1	← 9	10	11 →	20 →
		1
Cardinal: ten Ordinal: tenth Latinate ordinal: denary Adverbial: ten times Multiplier: tenfold Latinate multiplier: decuple Collective: tensome Multiuse collective: decuplet Greek or Latinate collective: decad, decade Metric collective prefix: deca- Greek collective prefix: deca- Latinate collective prefix: deca- Fractional: tenth Metric fractional prefix: deci- Elemental: decuplet Greek prefix: decato- Number of musicians: decet Number of years: decade, decennium

Etymology

Ten circles

From Middle English ten, tene, from Old English tīen, from Proto-West Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

Cognate with Scots ten, tene (“ten”), West Frisian tsien (“ten”), Saterland Frisian tjoon (“ten”), North Frisian tiin (“ten”), Dutch tien (“ten”), German zehn (“ten”), Norwegian ti (“ten”), Swedish tio (“ten”).

Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian dhjetë, Old Armenian տասն (tasn), Lithuanian dešimt, Old Church Slavonic десѧть (desętĭ), Old Breton dec, Old Irish deich, Ancient Greek δέκα (déka), Sanskrit दश (dásá), Old Persian *𐎭𐎰 (*d-θ /daθa/), Latin decem, Tocharian A śäk.

Pronunciation

(Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: tĕn IPA^(key): /tɛn/, [tʰɛn]
IPA^(key): /tɪn/ (pin–pen merger)
Audio (US-Inland North) (file)
Audio (US) (file)
Rhymes: -ɛn, Rhymes: -ɪn (pin–pen merger)
Homophone: tin (with pin-pen merger)

Numeral

ten

The number occurring after nine and before eleven, represented in Arabic numerals (base ten) as 10 and in Roman numerals as X.

Related terms

tenth

Translations

See ten/translations § Numeral.

Noun

ten (countable and uncountable, plural tens)

A set or group with ten elements.
We divided the chocolates into tens to hand out to Hallowe'en visitors.
(in the plural) An inexact quantity, typically understood to be between 20 and 100.
Our houses are tens of meters apart, so we don't have to worry about noise from our neighbours.
tens of thousands of voters
(countable, card games) A card in a given suit with a value of ten.
(countable) A denomination of currency, such as a banknote, with a value of ten units.
Synonym: tenner
Can you give me two tens for this twenty?
(countable, US, slang) A perfect specimen, (particularly) a physically attractive person.
Synonym: dime piece
(countable, US, slang) A high level of intensity. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
(countable, rowing) The act of rowing ten strokes flat out.
- 1911, The Cambridge Review (volume 32, page 486)
  At the 1,000-metres post we gave a ten, which raised our lead to 1⅔ lengths; the Belgians were rowing hard, but one felt that they still had plenty of spurting power.
- 1982, Stanley French, Aspects of Downing history (page 105)
  Morris gave a ten, and an unbelievable surge ran through the boat, one that I had never felt before.

Coordinate terms

Previous: nine (9)
Next: eleven (11)

Derived terms

Terms derived from the numeral or noun ten

at ten and two
count to ten
five-and-ten
five will get you ten
hang ten
ten a penny
ten-cent store
Ten Commandments
ten-eighty
ten foot pole
ten for the big guy
ten-four
ten-gallon hat
Ten Mile Bank
tenner
ten o'clock
ten-pin/ten-pin bowling
tenpounder
ten pound tourist
ten-speed
top ten

Related terms

tenfold
tenth

Translations

set or group with ten components

Bashkir: унау (unaw)
Catalan: desena (ca)
Finnish: kymmenen (fi) (attribute, use with ryhmä, kasa, nippu etc.)
French: dizaine (fr)
Greek: δεκάδα (el) (dekáda)
Hindi: दस (hi) m (das), दश (hi) m (daś), दह (hi) m (dah)
Polish: dziesiątka (pl) f
Russian: деся́ток (ru) m (desjátok)
Spanish: decena (es)
Swedish: tia (sv) c

playing card with a value of ten

Czech: desítka (cs) f
Estonian: kümme (et)
Finnish: kymppi (fi)
German: Zehner (de) m
Spanish: diez (es) m
Swedish: tia (sv) c

denomination of currency with a value of ten

Finnish: kymppi (fi)
German: Zehnerl (de)
Italian: dieci (it)
Swedish: tia (sv) c

perfect specimen

Finnish: täysi kymppi

slang: high level of intensity

Finnish: kybä (fi)

rowing: act of rowing ten strokes flat out

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked‌: "the number following nine"

Afrikaans: tien (af)
Albanian: dhjetë (sq)
Amharic: አስር (ʾäsr)
Arabic: عَشَرَة‎ (ar) m (ʿašara), عَشْر‎ f (ʿašr) (numeral: ١٠‎ (10))
Egyptian Arabic: عشرة‎ (ʿašaṛa)
Aramaic:
Classical Syriac: ܥܣܪܐ‎ m (ʿesrā), ܥܣܪ‎ f (ʿəsar)
Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: עַסְרָא‎ m (ʿasrā), עֲסַר‎ f (ʿăsar)
Western Neo-Aramaic: ܐܥܣܪ‎ m (ʾeʿsar), ܥܣܪܐ‎ f (ʿasraʾ)
Armenian: տասը (hy) (tasə), տասն (hy) (tasn)
Asturian: diez (ast) m
Bashkir: ун (un)
Basque: hamar (eu)
Belarusian: дзяся́тка (dzjasjátka)
Bengali: দশ (bn) (dôśô)
Bulgarian: десет (deset)
Burmese: တဆယ် (my) (ta.hcai)
Catalan: deu (ca) m (1,2,3)
Cebuano: napulo
Central Sierra Miwok: naˀá·ča-
Chichewa: khumi
Chinese:
Mandarin: 十 (zh) (shí)
Corsican: deci (co)
Czech: pětka (cs) f (3)
Danish: tital n (1), tier c (2, 3)
Dutch: tien (nl) f (1,2), tientje (nl) n (3)
Esperanto: dek (eo)
Estonian: kümme (et)
French: dix (fr) m (1,2,3)
Galician: dez (gl)
Georgian: ათი (ka) (ati)
German: Zehn (de) f (2)
Alemannic German: zää
Gilbertese: tebwina
Gujarati: દસ (das)
Haitian Creole: dis
Hausa: goma
Hawaiian: umi
Hebrew:
Biblical Hebrew: עֲשָּׂרָה‎ (he) m (ʿăśśārā), עֶשֶׂר‎ (he) f (ʿeśer)
Modern Hebrew: עֶשְׂרֵה‎ (he) f (ʾesré)
Hungarian: tíz (hu)
Icelandic: tíu (is)
Indonesian: sepuluh (id)
Irish: deich (ga)
Italian: dieci (it) m (1,2,3)
Japanese: 十 (ja) (jū), とお (ja) (tō)
Javanese: sepuluh
Kannada: ಹತ್ತು (kn) (hattu)
Kazakh: он (kk) (on)
Khmer: ដប់ (km) (dɑp)
Korean: 십 (ko) (sip)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: deh (ku)
Kyrgyz: он (ky) (on)
Ladino: דייס‎, dyes
Latin: decem (la)
Latvian: desmit (lv)
Lithuanian: dešimt (lt)
Luxembourgish: zéng (lb)
Lü: ᦉᦲᧇ (ṡiib)
Macedonian: десетка f (desetka)
Malagasy: folo (mg)
Malay: sepuluh (ms)
Malayalam: പത്ത് (ml) (pattŭ)
Maltese: għaxra (mt)
Maori: tekau (mi)
Marathi: दहा (dahā)
Mongolian: арав (mn) (arav), арван (arvan)
Nepali: दस (das)
Norwegian: ti (no)
Persian: ده‎ (fa) (dah)
Polish: dziesiątka (pl) f (1,2), dycha (pl) f (informal) (3)
Portuguese: dez (pt) m (1,2)
Punjabi: ਦਸ (das)
Romanian: zece (ro) m (1), decar (ro) m (2)
Russian: деся́тка (ru) f (desjátka)
Samoan: sefulu
Scottish Gaelic: deich m
Serbo-Croatian: десет, deset
Shona: gumi
Sindhi: ڏَهَه‎ (sd), ڏَهَيلو‎
Slovak: desiatka f (1,2), desaťkorunáčka f (3)
Slovene: desét (sl)
Somali: toban (so)
Sotho: leshome (st)
Spanish: diez (es)
Sundanese: sapuluh (su)
Swahili: kumi (sw)
Tagalog: sampu (tl), diyes
Tajik: даҳ (tg) (dah)
Tamil: பத்து (ta) (pattu)
Telugu: పది (te) (padi)
Thai: สิบ (th) (sìp)
Turkish: on (tr)
Ukrainian: десять (uk) (desjatʹ)
Uzbek: o‘n (uz)
Vietnamese: mười (vi) (1)
Welsh: deg (cy)
West Frisian: tsien (fy)
Xhosa: shumi
Yiddish: צען‎ (yi) (tsen)
Yoruba: mẹwa
Zulu: ishumi

Anagrams

-ent, .NET, ENT, NET, Net, ent, ent-, net

Atong (India)

Etymology

From English ten.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ten/

Numeral

ten (Bengali script তেন)

ten

Synonyms

chyigyk
dys / das

References

van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary. Stated in Appendix 2.

Bislama

**Bislama cardinal numbers**
< 9	10	11 >
Cardinal : ten

Etymology

From English ten.

Numeral

ten

ten

Catalan

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ten/
Rhymes: -en

Verb

ten

second-person singular imperative form of tenir

Usage notes

Generally, the imperative form ten is a contextual form of té used when clitic pronouns (e.g., te) are attached to the end of the verb.

Cornish

Noun

ten

Hard mutation of den.
Mixed mutation of den.

Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tъ, from Proto-Indo-European *só.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈtɛn]
Audio (file)

Pronoun

ten m (demonstrative nominative singular masculine animate)

the; this; that

Declension

Declension of ten

singular
	masculine animate	masculine inanimate	feminine	neuter
nominative	ten	ten	ta	to
genitive	toho	toho	té	toho
dative	tomu	tomu	té	tomu
accusative	toho	ten	tu	to
locative	tom	tom	té	tom
instrumental	tím	tím	tou	tím
plural
	masculine animate	masculine inanimate	feminine	neuter
nominative	ti	ty	ty	ta
genitive	těch	těch	těch	těch
dative	těm	těm	těm	těm
accusative	ty	ty	ty	ta
locative	těch	těch	těch	těch
instrumental	těmi	těmi	těmi	těmi

Derived terms

tamten
tenhle
tentam
tento
tentýž
kdo dřív přijde, ten dřív mele

Dutch

Etymology

A contraction of te + den.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tɛn/
Audio (file)

Contraction

ten

to the, at the (followed by a masculine or neuter word)
ten goede of ten kwade ― for better or for worse
ten dele ― partly
ten tijde van ― during the time of

Usage notes

ten is part of many fossilized idiomatic expressions. Being derived in part from te, it is followed by the (similarly fossilized) dative case.

ten is commonly used in Dutch family names such as Corrie ten Boom, Bernhard ten Brink, Marti ten Kate, and Simeon ten Holt.

Derived terms

ten opzichte van

Related terms

ter

Anagrams

ent, net

Galician

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈtɛŋ/

Verb

ten

has; third-person singular present indicative of ter
A cervexa ten en Galicia unha longa historia.
Beer has a long history in Galicia.
second-person singular imperative of ter

References

“ten” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.

Japanese

Romanization

Romanization of 天

ten

Rōmaji transcription of てん
Rōmaji transcription of テン

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese ter.

Verb

ten

to have
to possess

Lithuanian

Adverb

ten

there

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [tɛn]

Determiner

ten (feminine ta, neuter to, dual tej, plural te)

this

Declension

Declension of ten

	Masculine singular	Feminine singular	Neuter singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ten	ta	to	tej	te
Genitive	togo	teje	togo	teju	tych
Dative	tomu	tej	tomu	tyma	tym
Accusative	ten togo (animate)	tu	to	tej teju (animate)	te tych (optional animate form)
Instrumental	tym	teju	tym	tyma	tymi
Locative	tom	tej	tom	tyma	tych

Middle Dutch

Contraction

ten

Contraction of te den.

Middle English

**Middle English numbers ^(edit)**
		100
^{[a], [b]} ← 1	← 9	10	11 →	20 →
		1^{[a], [b]}
Cardinal: ten Ordinal: tenthe, tithe

Etymology 1

From Old English tīen.

Alternative forms

tene, tenne, tien

Pronunciation

(Early ME) IPA^(key): /teːn/
IPA^(key): /tɛn/
Rhymes: -ɛn

Numeral

ten

ten

Related terms

-tene
tenthe, tithe
-ty

Descendants

English: ten
Scots: ten
Yola: dhen

References

“ten, num.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Old English tēon, from Proto-West Germanic *teuhan (“to pull, lead”), from Proto-Germanic *teuhaną (“to draw, lead, bring, pull, help”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull, lead”).

Alternative forms

teen, tene

Verb

ten (third-person singular simple present teth, present participle teende, teynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative tegh, past participle towen)

(transitive) To draw; lead.
(intransitive) To draw away; go; proceed.

Conjugation

Conjugation of ten (strong class 2)

infinitive	(to) ten, te
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	te	tegh
2nd-person singular	test	towe, tegh
3rd-person singular	teth	tegh
subjunctive singular	te	towe¹
imperative singular	te	—

plural²	ten, te	towen, towe
imperative plural	teth, te	—

participles	teynge, tende	towen, towe

¹Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
²Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Derived terms

biteon
forten

Etymology 3

From Old Norse tennr, nominative indefinite plural of tǫnn (“tooth”).

Noun

ten

plural of tothe

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Arabic طَعْن‎ (ṭaʿn, “piercing, attack, criticism”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Noun

ten m or f

scolding, reproach, censure, blame, criticism, mockery, ridicule
threat

References

Chyet, Michael L. (2003), “ten”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary, with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press

Old English

Alternative forms

tēne, tȳn, tīen

Etymology

See tien

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /teːn/

Numeral

tēn

(Mercian)ten

References

A. L. Mayhew, M. A. Synopsis of Old English Phonology, 123

Pipil

Etymology

From Proto-Nahuan *teːn-, from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *tïni. Compare Classical Nahuatl tēntli (“lips”).

Pronunciation

(standard) IPA^(key): /teːŋ/
(Izalco) IPA^(key): /teŋ/

Noun

-tēn (plural -tejtēn)

mouth
Muchi tikishtukak tik muten kwak tishulutzin katka
You used to put everything in your mouth when you were a little baby
edge, brim
Shiktema ishta ma ne at ajsi ne iten ne tzutzukul
Fill it up until the water reaches the edge of the jug
opening
Inat ka ini tepet kishtia pukti tik iten
They say this volcano expels smoke form its “opening” (its crater)

Derived terms

-tēnpan (“edge”)
-tēnshīpal (“lip”)
-tēntzun (“moustache” or “beard”)
tēnkal (“door”, “doorway”)
tēntzin (“window”)
tēntzakka (“lid” or “door”)
-tēnnāmiki (“to kiss”)
tēnpēlua (“to open one's mouth”)

Noun

-tēn

on the edge, outside
Tejchishket ka iten ne shaput
They waited outside the cave

Declension of -ten

Person	Number
Person	singular	plural
first	nuten	tuten
second	muten	anmuten
third	iten	inten

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish ten, from Proto-Slavic *tъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tas, from Proto-Indo-European *só.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tɛn/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ɛn
Syllabification: ten

Pronoun

ten m

this (nearby)

	m	f	n	vir pl	nvir pl
Nom	ten	ta	to	ci	te
Gen	tego	tej	tego	tych
Dat	temu	tej	temu	tym
Acc	tego/ten	tę/tą	to	tych	te
Instr	tym	tą	tym	tymi
Loc	tym	tej	tym	tych

Usage notes

The feminine accusative singular form tą is only acceptable in colloquial speech, not in formal writing.

Derived terms

tamten

Related terms

potem
przytomny
taki
tędy
tutaj
tydzień
wtedy

Romanian

Etymology

From French teint.

Noun

ten n (plural tenuri)

color of the face

Declension

Declension of ten

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) ten	tenul	(niște) tenuri	tenurile
genitive/dative	(unui) ten	tenului	(unor) tenuri	tenurilor
vocative	tenule		tenurilor

Scots

Etymology

From Middle English ten.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Numeral

cardinal number
10	Previous:	nine
10	Next:	eleiven

ten

ten

References

Andy Eagle, ed., (2016) The Online Scots Dictionary, Scots Online.

Slovak

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *tъ, from Proto-Indo-European *só.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Pronoun

ten m

(demonstrative) this (nearby)

Related terms

to

Spanish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈten/ [ˈt̪ẽn]
Audio (Colombia) (file)
Rhymes: -en
Syllabification: ten

Verb

ten

second-person singular imperative of tener

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From English time.

Noun

ten

- 1975, Mighty Botai (lyrics and music), “Sranang Kong Fri”, in Onafhankelijkheid (Srefidensi) Suriname:
  Atleba ten no sa de moro ini Sranan / Den bakra, den ben hori wi na baka / Den de bow den kondre kon na fesi / Meki wi e pina
  The period of toiling will be no more in Suriname / The Dutch, they held us back / They built up their country successfully / Made us suffer

time

Sumerian

Romanization

ten

Romanization of 𒋼 (ten)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish ten, from Old Norse teinn (“sprout, twig, branch”).

Noun

ten c

a rod, a stick (of metal or wood)

Declension

Declension of ten
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	ten	tenen	tenar	tenarna
Genitive	tens	tenens	tenars	tenarnas

Tiang

Noun

ten

woman

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English ten.

Numeral

ten

ten

Usage notes

Used when counting; see also tenpela.

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish تن‎ (ten), from Persian ‎ (tan).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Noun

ten (definite accusative teni, plural tenler)

skin
body
(dialectal) vulva of a cow

Declension

Inflection

Nominative

ten

Definite accusative

teni

Singular

Plural

Nominative

ten

tenler

Definite accusative

teni

tenleri

Dative

tene

tenlere

Locative

tende

tenlerde

Ablative

tenden

tenlerden

Genitive

tenin

tenlerin

Possessive forms
Nominative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tenim	tenlerim
2nd singular	tenin	tenlerin
3rd singular	teni	tenleri
1st plural	tenimiz	tenlerimiz
2nd plural	teniniz	tenleriniz
3rd plural	tenleri	tenleri
Definite accusative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tenimi	tenlerimi
2nd singular	tenini	tenlerini
3rd singular	tenini	tenlerini
1st plural	tenimizi	tenlerimizi
2nd plural	teninizi	tenlerinizi
3rd plural	tenlerini	tenlerini
Dative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tenime	tenlerime
2nd singular	tenine	tenlerine
3rd singular	tenine	tenlerine
1st plural	tenimize	tenlerimize
2nd plural	teninize	tenlerinize
3rd plural	tenlerine	tenlerine
Locative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tenimde	tenlerimde
2nd singular	teninde	tenlerinde
3rd singular	teninde	tenlerinde
1st plural	tenimizde	tenlerimizde
2nd plural	teninizde	tenlerinizde
3rd plural	tenlerinde	tenlerinde
Ablative
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tenimden	tenlerimden
2nd singular	teninden	tenlerinden
3rd singular	teninden	tenlerinden
1st plural	tenimizden	tenlerimizden
2nd plural	teninizden	tenlerinizden
3rd plural	tenlerinden	tenlerinden
Genitive
	Singular	Plural
1st singular	tenimin	tenlerimin
2nd singular	teninin	tenlerinin
3rd singular	teninin	tenlerinin
1st plural	tenimizin	tenlerimizin
2nd plural	teninizin	tenlerinizin
3rd plural	tenlerinin	tenlerinin

References

“ten”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü [Compilation Dictionary of Popular Speech in Turkey] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1982

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse tin, from Proto-Germanic *tiną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tʰɪːn/, /tʰɪːɳ/
Rhymes: -ɪ́ːn

Noun

ten n

tin (chemical element)
joʈ båʈi teɳęɳ
made out of tin

ten

Translingual

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Numeral

Related terms

Translations

Noun

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

Anagrams

Atong (India)

Etymology

Pronunciation

Numeral

Synonyms

References

Bislama

Etymology

Numeral

Catalan

Pronunciation

Verb

Usage notes

Cornish

Noun

Czech

Etymology

Pronunciation

Pronoun

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

Dutch

Etymology

Pronunciation

Contraction

Usage notes

Derived terms

Related terms

Anagrams

Galician

Pronunciation

Verb

References

Japanese

Romanization

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

Verb

Lithuanian

Adverb

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

Determiner

Declension

Middle Dutch

Contraction

Middle English

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Numeral

Related terms

Descendants

References

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Noun