tefla
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse tefla.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtʰɛpla/
- Rhymes: -ɛpla
Verb
tefla (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative tefldi, supine teflt)
- to play a board game
- specifically, to play chess
Conjugation
tefla — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) | að tefla | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) | teflt | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | teflandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) | subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) | ég tefli | við teflum | present (nútíð) | ég tefli | við teflum |
| þú teflir | þið teflið | þú teflir | þið teflið | ||
| hann, hún, það teflir | þeir, þær, þau tefla | hann, hún, það tefli | þeir, þær, þau tefli | ||
| past (þátíð) | ég tefldi | við tefldum | past (þátíð) | ég tefldi | við tefldum |
| þú tefldir | þið teflduð | þú tefldir | þið teflduð | ||
| hann, hún, það tefldi | þeir, þær, þau tefldu | hann, hún, það tefldi | þeir, þær, þau tefldu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) | tefl (þú) | teflið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| tefldu | tefliði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
teflast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) | að teflast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) | teflst | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | teflandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) | subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) | ég teflist | við teflumst | present (nútíð) | ég teflist | við teflumst |
| þú teflist | þið teflist | þú teflist | þið teflist | ||
| hann, hún, það teflist | þeir, þær, þau teflast | hann, hún, það teflist | þeir, þær, þau teflist | ||
| past (þátíð) | ég tefldist | við tefldumst | past (þátíð) | ég tefldist | við tefldumst |
| þú tefldist | þið tefldust | þú tefldist | þið tefldust | ||
| hann, hún, það tefldist | þeir, þær, þau tefldust | hann, hún, það tefldist | þeir, þær, þau tefldust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) | teflst (þú) | teflist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| teflstu | teflisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
tefldur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) | singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) | tefldur | tefld | teflt | tefldir | tefldar | tefld | |
| accusative (þolfall) | tefldan | teflda | teflt | teflda | tefldar | tefld | |
| dative (þágufall) | tefldum | tefldri | tefldu | tefldum | tefldum | tefldum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) | teflds | tefldrar | teflds | tefldra | tefldra | tefldra | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) | singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) | tefldi | teflda | teflda | tefldu | tefldu | tefldu | |
| accusative (þolfall) | teflda | tefldu | teflda | tefldu | tefldu | tefldu | |
| dative (þágufall) | teflda | tefldu | teflda | tefldu | tefldu | tefldu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) | teflda | tefldu | teflda | tefldu | tefldu | tefldu | |
Old Norse
Etymology
Presumably from tafl (“board”). Akin to Old English tæflan, tæflian. Ultimately from Latin tabula (“table, board”).
Verb
tefla (singular past indicative tefldi, plural past indicative tefldu, past participle tefldr)
- to play at tables, chess or draughts
Conjugation
Conjugation of tefla — active (weak class 1)
| infinitive | tefla | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | teflandi | |
| past participle | tefldr | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | tefli | teflda |
| 2nd-person singular | teflir | tefldir |
| 3rd-person singular | teflir | tefldi |
| 1st-person plural | teflum | tefldum |
| 2nd-person plural | teflið | teflduð |
| 3rd-person plural | tefla | tefldu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | tefla | teflda |
| 2nd-person singular | teflir | tefldir |
| 3rd-person singular | tefli | tefldi |
| 1st-person plural | teflim | tefldim |
| 2nd-person plural | teflið | tefldið |
| 3rd-person plural | tefli | tefldi |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | tefl | |
| 1st-person plural | teflum | |
| 2nd-person plural | teflið | |
Conjugation of tefla — mediopassive (weak class 1)
| infinitive | teflask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | teflandisk | |
| past participle | teflzk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | teflumk | tefldumk |
| 2nd-person singular | teflisk | tefldisk |
| 3rd-person singular | teflisk | tefldisk |
| 1st-person plural | teflumsk | tefldumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | teflizk | teflduzk |
| 3rd-person plural | teflask | tefldusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | teflumk | tefldumk |
| 2nd-person singular | teflisk | tefldisk |
| 3rd-person singular | teflisk | tefldisk |
| 1st-person plural | teflimsk | tefldimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | teflizk | tefldizk |
| 3rd-person plural | teflisk | tefldisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | teflsk | |
| 1st-person plural | teflumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | teflizk | |
Descendants
- Faroese: telva
- Icelandic: tefla
- Swedish: tävla
References
- tefla in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press