tauta
See also: tautā
Finnish
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -ɑutɑ
Noun
tauta
- partitive singular of tau
Anagrams
- -uttaa, autat
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtʰøyːta/
- Rhymes: -øyːta
Verb
tauta (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative tautaði, supine tautað)
- to mutter
Conjugation
tauta — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) | að tauta | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) | tautað | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | tautandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) | subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) | ég tauta | við tautum | present (nútíð) | ég tauti | við tautum |
| þú tautar | þið tautið | þú tautir | þið tautið | ||
| hann, hún, það tautar | þeir, þær, þau tauta | hann, hún, það tauti | þeir, þær, þau tauti | ||
| past (þátíð) | ég tautaði | við tautuðum | past (þátíð) | ég tautaði | við tautuðum |
| þú tautaðir | þið tautuðuð | þú tautaðir | þið tautuðuð | ||
| hann, hún, það tautaði | þeir, þær, þau tautuðu | hann, hún, það tautaði | þeir, þær, þau tautuðu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) | tauta (þú) | tautið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| tautaðu | tautiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
tautaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) | singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) | tautaður | tautuð | tautað | tautaðir | tautaðar | tautuð | |
| accusative (þolfall) | tautaðan | tautaða | tautað | tautaða | tautaðar | tautuð | |
| dative (þágufall) | tautuðum | tautaðri | tautuðu | tautuðum | tautuðum | tautuðum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) | tautaðs | tautaðrar | tautaðs | tautaðra | tautaðra | tautaðra | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) | singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) | tautaði | tautaða | tautaða | tautuðu | tautuðu | tautuðu | |
| accusative (þolfall) | tautaða | tautuðu | tautaða | tautuðu | tautuðu | tautuðu | |
| dative (þágufall) | tautaða | tautuðu | tautaða | tautuðu | tautuðu | tautuðu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) | tautaða | tautuðu | tautaða | tautuðu | tautuðu | tautuðu | |
Related terms
- taut (“muttering, mumbling”)
Latvian
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tawtā-, from Proto-Indo-European *towtā, an o-grade form of *tewtā-, *tewtéh₂ (“throng, multitude; people; land”), from the stem *tew- (“to swell”).
This word had several meanings in its history, often still found in folk tales: “(group of) foreigners,” “strangers,” “enemy tribe,” etc. In the 17th century, ļaudis, not tauta, was used in the sense of “people, nation.” In translations of German texts, (non-native) translators often used tauta to mean also “tribe,” “nation,” “(social) group” (compare German Geschlecht, Gattung), even “(animal or vegetal) species.” In the 19th century, the range of uses was narrowed, especially in the 1850s and 1860s with the first Latvian National Awakening, where the word tauta became associated with the idea of “nation” and was first used to refer to the Latvian people. It then stabilized with its current (political-ethnographic) meaning. Cognates include Lithuanian tautà, Sudovian taud (from *tauta), Old Prussian tauto (“land”), Proto-Germanic *þeudō (Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰 (þiuda), Old English þeod, Old High German diot, German deutsch, from *þiudiskaz), Old Irish túath (“people, tribe”), Oscan touto (“country, citizens, community”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [tàwta]
Noun
tauta f (4th declension)
- people, nation (historically formed group of people, usually having a common culture, language, and territory)
- latviešu tauta ― the Latvian people, nation
- lietuviešu tauta ― the Lithuanian people, nation
- vācu tauta ― the German people, nation
- tautas izcelšanās ― the origin, ethnogenesis of a nation
- tautas vēsture ― people's, national history
- tautu draudzība ― friendship among nations
- kultūras tauta ― cultured, cultivated nation
- tautas gars ― national spirit (= cultural, spiritual, psychological specificity)
- (in the genitive, used adjectivally) people's, popular, folk, national (that which is typical or traditional of a nation)
- tautas daiļrade ― folk, national creation, art
- tautas māksla ― folk, popular art
- tautas teikas ― folk legends
- tautas daiļamatniecība ― folk craft
- tautas mūzika, dejas ― folk music, dances
- tautas dziesma ― folk song, verse
- tautas ticējumi ― folk beliefs
- tautas ēdieni ― popular, ethnic food
- tautas tērps ― folk, ethnic costume
- tautas eposs ― folk epic
- tautas medicīna, ārstniecība ― folk medicine
- people (group of inhabitants of a given area)
- Latvijas tauta ― the people of Latvia
- tautas skaitīšana ― census (lit. people counting)
- (in the genitive, used adjectivally) popular, people's (that which was made by, is typical of, the people of a certain area; that which defends their interests)
- tautas izglītības sistēma ― popular education system
- tautas fronte ― popular front
- people (a large number of individuals; people in general)
- mašīnā tagad tautas ir vairāk, visiem sēdvietu nepietiek ― there are more people in the car now, there won't be enough sitting space for all
- viņš gaida, kad sanāks vairāk tautas ― he waited for (the time) when more people would come
- tauta runā, ka tu institūtā tikpat kā neesot redzēts ― people are saying that it's as if you haven't been seen at the institute (= that you haven't been there often enough)
- (colloquial) people (a group of individuals with some specific characteristic feature)
- zvejnieki ir trūcīga tauta ― fishermen are a poor people
- mēs, mākslinieki, esam nelaimīga tauta ― we, the artists, are an unhappy people
- bērniem, bērniem vajag rakstīt! tā ir vispateicīgākā tauta ― the children, the children must write! they are (lit. that is) the most promising, gratifying people
- kaķi vispār ir tāda tauta, no kuras nezini, ko kurā brīdī sagaidīsi ― cats in general are such a people, from which you don't know what and when to expect
- (in folklore; usually plural) people from another region, family group, village
- tautu meita ― (lit. daughter of the people) young woman from another region or family group
- tautu dēls ― (lit. son of the people) young man from another region or family group
Declension
Declension of tauta (4th declension)
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | tauta | tautas |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | tautu | tautas |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | tautas | tautu |
| dative (datīvs) | tautai | tautām |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | tautu | tautām |
| locative (lokatīvs) | tautā | tautās |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | tauta | tautas |
Synonyms
- nācija
- tautība
Derived terms
- starptautisks, starptautiskums
- tautība
- tautietis, tautiete
- tautisks, tautiskums
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “tauta”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Lithuanian
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *t(j)autāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂.
Noun
tautà f (plural taũtos) stress pattern 4
- land, region, country
Declension
declension of tauta
| singular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (vardininkas) | tautà | taũtos |
| genitive (kilmininkas) | tautõs | tautų̃ |
| dative (naudininkas) | taũtai | tautóms |
| accusative (galininkas) | taũtą | tautàs |
| instrumental (įnagininkas) | tautà | tautomìs |
| locative (vietininkas) | tautojè | tautosè |
| vocative (šauksmininkas) | taũta | taũtos |
References
- “tauta”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
Old Norse
Etymology
Among a class of words with similar beginnings such as þjóta (“to make a whistling sound”), þys (“din, disturbance”), all related to Proto-Germanic *þeutaną (“to roar, howl”).
Verb
tauta
- to mutter, murmur
Conjugation
Conjugation of tauta — active (weak class 2)
| infinitive | tauta | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | tautandi | |
| past participle | tautaðr | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | tauta | tautaða |
| 2nd-person singular | tautar | tautaðir |
| 3rd-person singular | tautar | tautaði |
| 1st-person plural | tautum | tautuðum |
| 2nd-person plural | tautið | tautuðuð |
| 3rd-person plural | tauta | tautuðu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | tauta | tautaða |
| 2nd-person singular | tautir | tautaðir |
| 3rd-person singular | tauti | tautaði |
| 1st-person plural | tautim | tautaðim |
| 2nd-person plural | tautið | tautaðið |
| 3rd-person plural | tauti | tautaði |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | tauta | |
| 1st-person plural | tautum | |
| 2nd-person plural | tautið | |
Conjugation of tauta — mediopassive (weak class 2)
| infinitive | tautask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | tautandisk | |
| past participle | tautazk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | tautumk | tautuðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | tautask | tautaðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | tautask | tautaðisk |
| 1st-person plural | tautumsk | tautuðumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | tautizk | tautuðuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | tautask | tautuðusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | tautumk | tautuðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | tautisk | tautaðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | tautisk | tautaðisk |
| 1st-person plural | tautimsk | tautaðimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | tautizk | tautaðizk |
| 3rd-person plural | tautisk | tautaðisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | tautask | |
| 1st-person plural | tautumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | tautizk | |
Descendants
- Icelandic: tauta
References
- “tauta”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1097