sḫpr
Egyptian
Etymology
s- (causative prefix) + ḫpr (“to come into being, to become”).
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /sɛxɛpɛr/
- Conventional anglicization: sekheper
Verb
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caus. 3-lit.
- (transitive) to bring about
- c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 54–56:
- šdt.j ḏꜣ sḫpr.n.j ḫt jr.n.j z(b)j-n-sḏt n nṯrw
- I took a fire-stick, I made a fire, and I made a burnt offering to the gods.
Inflection
Conjugation of sḫpr (causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.) — base stem: sḫpr
infinitival forms | imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | negatival complement | complementary infinitive1 | singular | plural |
sḫpr | sḫprw, sḫpr | sḫprt | sḫpr | sḫpr |
‘pseudoverbal’ forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
stative stem | periphrastic imperfective2 | periphrastic prospective2 | |
sḫpr | ḥr sḫpr | m sḫpr | r sḫpr |
suffix conjugation | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | active | passive | contingent | ||
aspect / mood | active | passive | |||
perfect | sḫpr.n | sḫprw, sḫpr | consecutive | sḫpr.jn | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||||
terminative | sḫprt | ||||
perfective3 | sḫpr | active + .tj1, .tw2 | obligative | sḫpr.ḫr | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
imperfective | sḫpr | active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||
prospective3 | sḫprw, sḫpr, sḫpry | sḫprw, sḫpr, sḫpry | potentialis | sḫpr.kꜣ | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||||
subjunctive | sḫpr | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
verbal adjectives | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms | participles | ||
active | passive | active | passive | |
perfect | sḫpr.n | active + .tj1, .tw2 | — | — |
perfective | sḫpr | active + .tj1, .tw2 | sḫpr | sḫpr, sḫprw5, sḫpry5 |
imperfective | sḫpr, sḫpry, sḫprw5 | active + .tj1, .tw2 | sḫpr, sḫprj6, sḫpry6 | sḫpr, sḫprw5 |
prospective | sḫpr, sḫprtj7 | — | sḫprwtj1 4, sḫprtj4, sḫprt4 | |
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References
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 174.