swꜣḏ
Egyptian
Etymology
s- (causative prefix) + wꜣḏ (“to be green, to be fresh”).
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /sɛwɑd͡ʒ/
- Conventional anglicization: sewadj
Verb
caus. 3-lit.
- (transitive) to make green
- (transitive) to freshen
Inflection
Conjugation of swꜣḏ (causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.) — base stem: swꜣḏ
infinitival forms | imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | negatival complement | complementary infinitive1 | singular | plural |
swꜣḏ | swꜣḏw, swꜣḏ | swꜣḏt | swꜣḏ | swꜣḏ |
‘pseudoverbal’ forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
stative stem | periphrastic imperfective2 | periphrastic prospective2 | |
swꜣḏ | ḥr swꜣḏ | m swꜣḏ | r swꜣḏ |
suffix conjugation | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | active | passive | contingent | ||
aspect / mood | active | passive | |||
perfect | swꜣḏ.n | swꜣḏw, swꜣḏ | consecutive | swꜣḏ.jn | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||||
terminative | swꜣḏt | ||||
perfective3 | swꜣḏ | active + .tj1, .tw2 | obligative | swꜣḏ.ḫr | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
imperfective | swꜣḏ | active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||
prospective3 | swꜣḏw, swꜣḏ, swꜣḏy | swꜣḏw, swꜣḏ, swꜣḏy | potentialis | swꜣḏ.kꜣ | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
active + .tj1, .tw2 | |||||
subjunctive | swꜣḏ | active + .tj1, .tw2 |
verbal adjectives | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
aspect / mood | relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms | participles | ||
active | passive | active | passive | |
perfect | swꜣḏ.n | active + .tj1, .tw2 | — | — |
perfective | swꜣḏ | active + .tj1, .tw2 | swꜣḏ | swꜣḏ, swꜣḏw5, swꜣḏy5 |
imperfective | swꜣḏ, swꜣḏy, swꜣḏw5 | active + .tj1, .tw2 | swꜣḏ, swꜣḏj6, swꜣḏy6 | swꜣḏ, swꜣḏw5 |
prospective | swꜣḏ, swꜣḏtj7 | — | swꜣḏwtj1 4, swꜣḏtj4, swꜣḏt4 | |
|
References
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 337.