absolvo
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /abˈsolvo/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -olvo
Noun
absolvo (accusative singular absolvon, plural absolvoj, accusative plural absolvojn)
- absolution
Latin
Etymology
From ab- (“from, away from”) + solvō (“release, loosen, dissolve, take apart”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /abˈsol.u̯oː/, [äpˈs̠ɔɫ̪u̯oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /abˈsol.vo/, [äbˈsɔlvo]
Verb
absolvō (present infinitive absolvere, perfect active absolvī, supine absolūtum); third conjugation
- I release, discharge
- Synonyms: persolvō, līberō, excipiō, eximō, ēmittō, exonerō, prīvō
- I loosen from, make loose, detach, untie
- Synonyms: distraho, persolvo, solvo, explicō
- Antonyms: ligō, colligō, illigō, cōnserō, cōnfīgō, adalligō, alligō, dēligō, nectō, cōnectō, dēfīgō, fīgō
- (figuratively) I pay off
- Synonyms: ērogō, pendo, luo, persolvo, dissolvo, solvo
- (figuratively) I complete, finish
- Synonyms: perficiō, cōnficiō, dēfungor, agō, expleō, patrō, cumulō, efficiō, conclūdō, condō, peragō, impleō, exsequor, fungor, nāvō, perpetrō, trānsigō, gerō, claudō, inclūdō, exhauriō
- I liberate
- Synonyms: līberō, eximō, vindicō, servō, excipiō, exonerō
- Antonyms: refrēnō, coerceō, saepiō, officiō, obstō, comprimō, impediō, arceō, supprimō
- (law) I absolve, acquit, declare innocent
- Synonyms: līberō, exonerō, probō
- Antonyms: coarguō, comperiō
Conjugation
| Conjugation of absolvō (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | absolvō | absolvis | absolvit | absolvimus | absolvitis | absolvunt |
| imperfect | absolvēbam | absolvēbās | absolvēbat | absolvēbāmus | absolvēbātis | absolvēbant | |
| future | absolvam | absolvēs | absolvet | absolvēmus | absolvētis | absolvent | |
| perfect | absolvī | absolvistī | absolvit | absolvimus | absolvistis | absolvērunt, absolvēre | |
| pluperfect | absolveram | absolverās | absolverat | absolverāmus | absolverātis | absolverant | |
| future perfect | absolverō | absolveris | absolverit | absolverimus | absolveritis | absolverint | |
| passive | present | absolvor | absolveris, absolvere | absolvitur | absolvimur | absolviminī | absolvuntur |
| imperfect | absolvēbar | absolvēbāris, absolvēbāre | absolvēbātur | absolvēbāmur | absolvēbāminī | absolvēbantur | |
| future | absolvar | absolvēris, absolvēre | absolvētur | absolvēmur | absolvēminī | absolventur | |
| perfect | absolūtus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | absolūtus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | absolūtus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | absolvam | absolvās | absolvat | absolvāmus | absolvātis | absolvant |
| imperfect | absolverem | absolverēs | absolveret | absolverēmus | absolverētis | absolverent | |
| perfect | absolverim | absolverīs | absolverit | absolverīmus | absolverītis | absolverint | |
| pluperfect | absolvissem | absolvissēs | absolvisset | absolvissēmus | absolvissētis | absolvissent | |
| passive | present | absolvar | absolvāris, absolvāre | absolvātur | absolvāmur | absolvāminī | absolvantur |
| imperfect | absolverer | absolverēris, absolverēre | absolverētur | absolverēmur | absolverēminī | absolverentur | |
| perfect | absolūtus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | absolūtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | absolve | — | — | absolvite | — |
| future | — | absolvitō | absolvitō | — | absolvitōte | absolvuntō | |
| passive | present | — | absolvere | — | — | absolviminī | — |
| future | — | absolvitor | absolvitor | — | — | absolvuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | absolvere | absolvisse | absolūtūrum esse | absolvī | absolūtum esse | absolūtum īrī | |
| participles | absolvēns | — | absolūtūrus | — | absolūtus | absolvendus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| absolvendī | absolvendō | absolvendum | absolvendō | absolūtum | absolūtū | ||
Derived terms
- absolūtē
- absolūtiō
- absolūtōrius
- absolūtus
Related terms
- dēsolvō
- dissolvō
- exsolvō
- persolvō
- resolvō
- solvō
Descendants
- Catalan: absoldre
- → English: absolve
- Esperanto: absolvi
- Galician: absolver
- → German: absolvieren
- Italian: assolvere
- → Norwegian Bokmål: absolvere
- Old French: assoudre
- Middle French: absoudre
- French: absoudre
- Anglo-Norman: assoiler
- → English: assoil
- Middle French: absoudre
- Portuguese: absolver
- Romanian: absolvi
- Spanish: absolver
References
- “absolvo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “absolvo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- absolvo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- absolvo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to bring to the highest perfection: perficere et absolvere
- to explain a matter briefly, in a few words (not paucis verbis): rem paucis absolvere (Sall. Iug. 17. 2)
- to settle, finish a transaction: negotium (rem) conficere, absolvere
- to repeal a death-sentence passed on a person: capitis absolvere aliquem
- in short; to be brief: ut paucis (rem) absolvam
- to bring to the highest perfection: perficere et absolvere
Portuguese
Verb
absolvo
- first-person singular present indicative of absolver