swelten
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch *sweltan, from Proto-West Germanic *sweltan, from Proto-Germanic *sweltaną.
Verb
swelten
- to succumb, to collapse
- to be exhausted
- to waste away
Inflection
| Strong class 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | swelten | |
| 3rd sg. past | swalt | |
| 3rd pl. past | swolten | |
| Past participle | geswolten | |
| Infinitive | swelten | |
| In genitive | sweltens | |
| In dative | sweltene | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | swelte | swalt |
| 2nd singular | swelts, sweltes | swolts, swoltes |
| 3rd singular | swelt, sweltet | swalt |
| 1st plural | swelten | swolten |
| 2nd plural | swelt, sweltet | swolt, swoltet |
| 3rd plural | swelten | swolten |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | swelte | swolte |
| 2nd singular | swelts, sweltes | swoltes |
| 3rd singular | swelte | swolte |
| 1st plural | swelten | swolten |
| 2nd plural | swelt, sweltet | swoltet |
| 3rd plural | swelten | swolten |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | swelt, swelte | |
| Plural | swelt, sweltet | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | sweltende | geswolten |
Descendants
- Dutch: zwelten
Further reading
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “swelten”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle English
Alternative forms
- swelte
- (Northern) squelt, suelt
- (early) sweltan
Etymology
From Old English sweltan, from Proto-West Germanic *sweltan, from Proto-Germanic *sweltaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈswɛltən/
Verb
swelten
- To die; to pass away.
- To kill; to put to death.
- To faint or swoon.
- To swelter; to faint from heat.
Conjugation
Conjugation of swelten (strong class 3 or weak in -te/-ed)
| infinitive | (to) swelten, swelte | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | swelte | swalt, swelte, swelted | |
| 2nd-person singular | sweltest | swolte, swalt, sweltest, sweltedest | |
| 3rd-person singular | swelteth, swelt | swalt, swelte, swelted | |
| subjunctive singular | swelte | swolte1, swelte1, swelted1 | |
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural2 | swelten, swelte | swolten, swolte, swelten, swelte, swelteden, sweltede | |
| imperative plural | swelteth, swelte | — | |
| participles | sweltynge, sweltende | swolten, swolte, swelt, swelted | |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Related terms
- forswelten
Descendants
- English: swelt
- Scots: swelt, swalt
References
- “swelten, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.