atkarība
See also: atkarībā
Latvian
Etymology
Calque of German Abhängigkeit (“dependence”), coined at the end of the 19th century from atkār(t) (“to hang down”) + -ība (with atkārt from at- + kārt (“to hang”)), together with the related term atkarīgs.[1]
Pronunciation
| (file) |
Noun
atkarība f (4th declension)
- dependence (the state of that which is dependent, which is in the power, under the influence of someone, something, some country)
- koloniālā atkarība ― colonial dependence
- materiālā atkarība ― material dependence
- Kalnbirze apzinājās savu nevarību un pilnīgo atkarību no šīs sievietes ― Kalnbirze was aware of his helplessness, of his full dependence of these women
- dependence (a logical causal relation)
- savstarpēja atkarība ― mutual dependence, interdependence
- formas atkarība no satura ― the dependence of form on content
- augu valsts atkarība no ģeogrāfiskajiem apstākļiem ― the dependence of vegetation on geographic circumstances
- temperatūras atkarība no dažādiem faktoriem ― the dependence of temperature on several factors
- (in the locative, used adverbially) depending on, according to
- rīkoties atkarībā no asptākļiem ― to act according to circumstances
- Ilga saka jā, Ilga saka nē, Ilga vienkārši paloka vai pakrata galvu... atkarībā no jautājuma, atkarībā no iespējas atbildēt ― Ilga says yes, Ilga says no, Ilga nods or shakes her head... depending on the question, depending on the possibility of answering
Declension
Declension of atkarība (4th declension)
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | atkarība | — |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | atkarību | — |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | atkarības | — |
| dative (datīvs) | atkarībai | — |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | atkarību | — |
| locative (lokatīvs) | atkarībā | — |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | atkarība | — |
Antonyms
- neatkarība
Related terms
- atkarīgs
- neatkarīgs
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “atkarība”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN