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单词 sumo
释义

sumo

See also: Sumo, SuMo, SUMO, sumó, sumô, sumō, súmó, and Appendix:Variations of "sumo"

English

Etymology

From Japanese 相(す)撲(もう) (sumō).

Pronunciation

  • enPR: soo͞'mō, IPA(key): /ˈsuːməʊ/
  • Audio (RP)(file)
  • Rhymes: -uːməʊ

Noun

sumo (countable and uncountable, plural sumo or sumos)

Sumo wrestlers gathering in a circle.
  1. (uncountable) A stylised Japanese form of wrestling in which a wrestler loses if he is forced from the ring, or if any part of his body except the soles of his feet touches the ground.
  2. (countable, colloquial) A rikishi (sumo wrestler)

Derived terms

  • kanjin-sumo

Translations

Anagrams

  • MOUs, MoUs, Mous, muso, soum

Catalan

Pronunciation

  • (Balearic, Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈsu.mo/
  • (Central) IPA(key): /ˈsu.mu/

Verb

sumo

  1. first-person singular present indicative form of sumar

Cebuano

Pronunciation

  • Hyphenation: su‧mo

Adjective

sumo

  1. monotonous; tedious, repetitious or lacking in variety
  2. slow-burning

Esperanto

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)

Noun

sumo (accusative singular sumon, plural sumoj, accusative plural sumojn)

  1. sum

Finnish

Etymology

< Japanese

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsumo/, [ˈs̠umo̞]
  • Rhymes: -umo
  • Syllabification(key): su‧mo

Noun

sumo

  1. (sports) sumo (wrestling style of Japanese origin)

Declension

Inflection of sumo (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominativesumosumot
genitivesumonsumojen
partitivesumoasumoja
illativesumoonsumoihin
singularplural
nominativesumosumot
accusativenom.sumosumot
gen.sumon
genitivesumonsumojen
partitivesumoasumoja
inessivesumossasumoissa
elativesumostasumoista
illativesumoonsumoihin
adessivesumollasumoilla
ablativesumoltasumoilta
allativesumollesumoille
essivesumonasumoina
translativesumoksisumoiksi
instructive—sumoin
abessivesumottasumoitta
comitative—sumoineen
Possessive forms of sumo (type valo)
possessorsingularplural
1st personsumonisumomme
2nd personsumosisumonne
3rd personsumonsa

French

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sy.mo/, /su.mo/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

sumo m (plural sumos)

  1. sumo
  2. sumotori

Galician

Verb

sumo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of sumir

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 相撲 (すもう, sumō).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /su.mo/
  • Hyphenation: su‧mo

Verb

sumo

  1. (sports) sumo (Japanese traditional wrestling).

Derived terms

  • pesumo (a sumo wrestler)

Italian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsu.mo/
  • Rhymes: -umo
  • Hyphenation: sù‧mo

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Japanese 相撲 (sumō).

Noun

sumo m (invariable)

  1. sumo (Japanese wrestling)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sumo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of sumere

Anagrams

  • muso, musò

Latin

Etymology

From *susmō < *subs(e)mō, from sub- +‎ emō (“to buy, take”), with excrescent p in sūmpsī and sūmptum.[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsuː.moː/, [ˈs̠uːmoː]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈsu.mo/, [ˈsuːmo]

Verb

sūmō (present infinitive sūmere, perfect active sūmpsī, supine sūmptum); third conjugation

  1. I take, take up, catch, assume, seize, claim, arrogate.
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.537-538:
      parva mora est, caelum vātēs ac nūmina sūmit
      fitque suī tōtō pectore plēna deī
      There is a brief pause; the prophetess assumes the divine powers of heaven, and in all her soul she is made full of her deity.
      (The prophetess is Carmenta.)
  2. I undertake, begin, enter upon.
  3. I exact satisfaction, inflict punishment.
  4. I choose, select.
  5. I obtain, acquire, receive, get, take.
  6. I use, apply, employ, spend, consume.
  7. I adopt; borrow.
  8. I buy, purchase.
  9. I accept, presuppose, establish as a principle.
  10. I fascinate, charm.
  11. I put on
  12. I take heart.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of sūmō (third conjugation)
indicativesingularplural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
activepresentsūmōsūmissūmitsūmimussūmitissūmunt
imperfectsūmēbamsūmēbāssūmēbatsūmēbāmussūmēbātissūmēbant
futuresūmamsūmēssūmetsūmēmussūmētissūment
perfectsūmpsīsūmpsistīsūmpsitsūmpsimussūmpsistissūmpsērunt,
sūmpsēre
pluperfectsūmpseramsūmpserāssūmpseratsūmpserāmussūmpserātissūmpserant
future perfectsūmpserōsūmpserissūmpseritsūmpserimussūmpseritissūmpserint
sigmatic future1surempsōsurempsissurempsitsurempsimussurempsitissurempsint
passivepresentsūmorsūmeris,
sūmere		sūmitursūmimursūmiminīsūmuntur
imperfectsūmēbarsūmēbāris,
sūmēbāre		sūmēbātursūmēbāmursūmēbāminīsūmēbantur
futuresūmarsūmēris,
sūmēre		sūmētursūmēmursūmēminīsūmentur
perfectsūmptus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfectsūmptus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfectsūmptus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctivesingularplural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
activepresentsūmamsūmāssūmatsūmāmussūmātissūmant
imperfectsūmeremsūmerēssūmeretsūmerēmussūmerētissūmerent
perfectsūmpserimsūmpserīssūmpseritsūmpserīmussūmpserītissūmpserint
pluperfectsūmpsissemsūmpsissēssūmpsissetsūmpsissēmussūmpsissētissūmpsissent
sigmatic aorist1surempsimsurempsīssurempsītsurempsīmussurempsītissurempsint
passivepresentsūmarsūmāris,
sūmāre		sūmātursūmāmursūmāminīsūmantur
imperfectsūmerersūmerēris,
sūmerēre		sūmerētursūmerēmursūmerēminīsūmerentur
perfectsūmptus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfectsūmptus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperativesingularplural
firstsecondthirdfirstsecondthird
activepresent—sūme——sūmite—
future—sūmitōsūmitō—sūmitōtesūmuntō
passivepresent—sūmere——sūmiminī—
future—sūmitorsūmitor——sūmuntor
non-finite formsactivepassive
presentperfectfuturepresentperfectfuture
infinitivessūmeresūmpsissesūmptūrum essesūmīsūmptum essesūmptum īrī
participlessūmēns—sūmptūrus—sūmptussūmendus,
sūmundus
verbal nounsgerundsupine
genitivedativeaccusativeablativeaccusativeablative
sūmendīsūmendōsūmendumsūmendōsūmptumsūmptū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

Synonyms

  • (seize): apprehendō, comprehendō, dēprehendō, prehendō, prehēnsō, teneō, capiō, arripiō
  • (acquire): acquīrō, adipīscor, cōnsequor, parō, pariō, impetrō, mereō, teneō, emō, comparō, apīscor, obtineō, conciliō, nancīscor, potior, inveniō, colligō, alliciō
  • (purchase): emo, comparo
  • (begin): incohō, exōrdior, occipiō, incipiō, coepiō, ōrdior, initiō, ineō, ingredior, aggredior, committō, exorior, moveō, mōlior
  • (accept): accipio, recipio, ascīscō, concipio
  • (select): dēsūmō, dēligō, ēligō, adoptō, optō, sēpōnō legō, dēstinō, capiō, creō
  • (assume): adhibeō, assūmō, adoptō, suscipiō, induō, accipiō, indūcō, ineō, aggredior
  • (undertake): ineo, obeo
  • (use): utor, adhibeō, occupō, ūsūrpō, vēscor
  • (consume): abutor, accido
  • (put on): vēlō, saepiō, induō, indūcō

Antonyms

  • (purchase): vendo, addico, dēferō
  • (begin): subsistō, dēsistō, cessō, remittō
  • (acquire): āmittō
  • (put on): nūdō, spoliō

Derived terms

  • absūmō
  • adsūmō
  • assūmō
  • cōnsūmō
  • dēsūmō
  • īnsūmō
  • praesūmō
  • resūmō
  • subsūmō
  • sūmptiō
  • sūmptitō
  • sūmptus
  • trānsūmō

Descendants

  • Borrowed:
    • → Catalan: sumir
    • → Italian: sumere
  • Inherited: (all meaning 'submerge' or similar)
    • Old Portuguese: somir, sumir
      • Galician: sumir
      • Portuguese: sumir
    • Old Spanish: somir, sumir
      • Spanish: sumir

References

  1. Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, § 231
  • “sumo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “sumo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • sumo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
  • sumo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to require, give, take time for deliberation: tempus (spatium) deliberandi or ad deliberandum postulare, dare, sibi sumere
    • to take something into one's hands: in manus(m) sumere aliquid
    • to take poison: venenum sumere, bibere
    • to commence a thing: initium facere, ducere, sumere (alicuius rei)
    • to choose one from a large number of instances: ex infinita exemplorum copia unum (pauca) sumere, decerpere (eligere)
    • to take a lesson from some one's example: sibi exemplum sumere ex aliquo or exemplum capere de aliquo
    • to derive an argument from a thing: argumentum ducere, sumere ex aliqua re or petere ab aliqua re
    • to assume a thing: sumere (opp. reicere) aliquid
    • to take up a book in one's hands: librum in manus sumere
    • to be haughty: magnos spiritus sibi sumere (B. G. 1. 33)
    • to take upon oneself: sibi sumere aliquid (Planc. 1. 3)
    • to assume the toga virilis: togam virilem (puram) sumere
    • to take food: cibum sumere, capere
    • to borrow money from some one: pecuniam mutuari or sumere mutuam ab aliquo
    • to assume a despotic tone: regios spiritus sibi sumere
    • to exact a penalty from some one: supplicium sumere de aliquo
    • to execute the death-sentence on a person: supplicium sumere de aliquo
    • to take up one's arms: arma capere, sumere
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 相撲 (sumō).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsu.mɔ/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -umɔ
  • Syllabification: su‧mo

Noun

sumo n (indeclinable)

  1. sumo

Derived terms

noun
  • sumita

Further reading

  • sumo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • sumo in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈsũ.mu/
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈsu.mo/
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈsu.mu/

  • Hyphenation: su‧mo

Etymology 1

sumo

Borrowed from Latin summus.

Adjective

sumo (feminine suma, masculine plural sumos, feminine plural sumas)

  1. highest, greatest
Derived terms
  • sumamente

Noun

sumo m (plural sumos)

  1. summit, top
    Synonyms: cume, cimo

Etymology 2

sumo

From Old Portuguese çumo, from Arabic زُوم‎ (zūm, “juice, sap”), from Ancient Greek ζωμός (zōmós). Cognate of Galician zume and Spanish zumo.

Noun

sumo m (plural sumos)

  1. (Portugal) juice
    Synonym: (Brasil) suco

Etymology 3

sumo

From Japanese 相撲 (sumō, “to mutually rush at”).

Alternative forms

  • sumô (Brazilian)

Noun

sumo m (uncountable) (European spelling)

  1. (martial arts) sumo

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

sumo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of sumir

Further reading

  • “sumo” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsumo/ [ˈsu.mo]
  • Rhymes: -umo
  • Syllabification: su‧mo
  • Homophone: (Latin America) zumo

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin summus. Compare the inherited Old Spanish somo, cf. also Spanish somero.

Adjective

sumo (feminine suma, masculine plural sumos, feminine plural sumas)

  1. highest, greatest, superlative
    Caifás era sumo sacerdote.
    Caiaphas was the high priest.
  2. utmost
Derived terms
  • a lo sumo
  • sumamente
  • suma sacerdotisa
  • sumo sacerdote
  • suma
  • somero

Verb

sumo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of sumar

Verb

sumo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of sumir

Etymology 4

From Japanese 相撲 (sumō, “to mutually rush at”).

Noun

sumo m (uncountable)

  1. (martial arts) sumo
Hypernyms
  • deporte de combate

Further reading

  • “sumo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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