sulcar
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /suwˈka(ʁ)/ [suʊ̯ˈka(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /suwˈka(ɾ)/ [suʊ̯ˈka(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /suwˈka(ʁ)/ [suʊ̯ˈka(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /suwˈka(ɻ)/ [suʊ̯ˈka(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /sulˈkaɾ/ [suɫˈkaɾ]
Verb
sulcar (first-person singular present sulco, first-person singular preterite sulquei, past participle sulcado)
- (transitive) to furrow (cut a groove into)
Conjugation
Conjugation of sulcar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | sulcar | |||||
Personal | sulcar | sulcares | sulcar | sulcarmos | sulcardes | sulcarem |
Gerund | ||||||
sulcando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | sulcado | sulcados | ||||
Feminine | sulcada | sulcadas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | sulco | sulcas | sulca | sulcamos | sulcais | sulcam |
Imperfect | sulcava | sulcavas | sulcava | sulcávamos | sulcáveis | sulcavam |
Preterite | sulquei | sulcaste | sulcou | sulcamos1, sulcámos2 | sulcastes | sulcaram |
Pluperfect | sulcara | sulcaras | sulcara | sulcáramos | sulcáreis | sulcaram |
Future | sulcarei | sulcarás | sulcará | sulcaremos | sulcareis | sulcarão |
Conditional | ||||||
sulcaria | sulcarias | sulcaria | sulcaríamos | sulcaríeis | sulcariam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | sulque | sulques | sulque | sulquemos | sulqueis | sulquem |
Imperfect | sulcasse | sulcasses | sulcasse | sulcássemos | sulcásseis | sulcassem |
Future | sulcar | sulcares | sulcar | sulcarmos | sulcardes | sulcarem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | sulca | sulque | sulquemos | sulcai | sulquem | |
Negative (não) | não sulques | não sulque | não sulquemos | não sulqueis | não sulquem |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sulˈkaɾ/ [sulˈkaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: sul‧car
Verb
sulcar (first-person singular present sulco, first-person singular preterite sulqué, past participle sulcado)
- Obsolete spelling of surcar
Conjugation
Conjugation of sulcar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive | sulcar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | sulcando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | sulcado | sulcada | |||||
plural | sulcados | sulcadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | sulco | sulcastú sulcásvos | sulca | sulcamos | sulcáis | sulcan | |
imperfect | sulcaba | sulcabas | sulcaba | sulcábamos | sulcabais | sulcaban | |
preterite | sulqué | sulcaste | sulcó | sulcamos | sulcasteis | sulcaron | |
future | sulcaré | sulcarás | sulcará | sulcaremos | sulcaréis | sulcarán | |
conditional | sulcaría | sulcarías | sulcaría | sulcaríamos | sulcaríais | sulcarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | sulque | sulquestú sulquésvos2 | sulque | sulquemos | sulquéis | sulquen | |
imperfect (ra) | sulcara | sulcaras | sulcara | sulcáramos | sulcarais | sulcaran | |
imperfect (se) | sulcase | sulcases | sulcase | sulcásemos | sulcaseis | sulcasen | |
future1 | sulcare | sulcares | sulcare | sulcáremos | sulcareis | sulcaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
affirmative | sulcatú sulcávos | sulque | sulquemos | sulcad | sulquen | ||
negative | no sulques | no sulque | no sulquemos | no sulquéis | no sulquen |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of sulcar (c-qu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive sulcar | |||||||
dative | sulcarme | sulcarte | sulcarle, sulcarse | sulcarnos | sulcaros | sulcarles, sulcarse | |
accusative | sulcarme | sulcarte | sulcarlo, sulcarla, sulcarse | sulcarnos | sulcaros | sulcarlos, sulcarlas, sulcarse | |
with gerund sulcando | |||||||
dative | sulcándome | sulcándote | sulcándole, sulcándose | sulcándonos | sulcándoos | sulcándoles, sulcándose | |
accusative | sulcándome | sulcándote | sulcándolo, sulcándola, sulcándose | sulcándonos | sulcándoos | sulcándolos, sulcándolas, sulcándose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative sulca | |||||||
dative | súlcame | súlcate | súlcale | súlcanos | not used | súlcales | |
accusative | súlcame | súlcate | súlcalo, súlcala | súlcanos | not used | súlcalos, súlcalas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative sulcá | |||||||
dative | sulcame | sulcate | sulcale | sulcanos | not used | sulcales | |
accusative | sulcame | sulcate | sulcalo, sulcala | sulcanos | not used | sulcalos, sulcalas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative sulque | |||||||
dative | súlqueme | not used | súlquele, súlquese | súlquenos | not used | súlqueles | |
accusative | súlqueme | not used | súlquelo, súlquela, súlquese | súlquenos | not used | súlquelos, súlquelas | |
with first-person plural imperative sulquemos | |||||||
dative | not used | sulquémoste | sulquémosle | sulquémonos | sulquémoos | sulquémosles | |
accusative | not used | sulquémoste | sulquémoslo, sulquémosla | sulquémonos | sulquémoos | sulquémoslos, sulquémoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative sulcad | |||||||
dative | sulcadme | not used | sulcadle | sulcadnos | sulcaos | sulcadles | |
accusative | sulcadme | not used | sulcadlo, sulcadla | sulcadnos | sulcaos | sulcadlos, sulcadlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative sulquen | |||||||
dative | súlquenme | not used | súlquenle | súlquennos | not used | súlquenles, súlquense | |
accusative | súlquenme | not used | súlquenlo, súlquenla | súlquennos | not used | súlquenlos, súlquenlas, súlquense |
Further reading
- “sulcar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014