suku

suku

See also: Suku, sūku, and sùkǔ

Aruop

Noun

suku

1. water

References

• transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66

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Ewe

Noun

suku

1. school

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Fataluku

Verb

suku

1. to sew

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Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *suku.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuku/, [ˈs̠uku]
• Rhymes: -uku
• Syllabification^(key): su‧ku

Noun

suku

1. extended family, kin (in addition to parents and children, includes cousins, uncles, aunts, grandparents and farther relatives; compare perhe)
2. (taxonomy) genus
3. (linguistics) gender
4. (topology) Synonym of genus

Declension

Inflection of suku (Kotus type 1*M/valo, k-v gradation)
nominative		suku	suvut
genitive		suvun	sukujen
partitive		sukua	sukuja
illative		sukuun	sukuihin
		singular	plural
nominative		suku	suvut
accusative	nom.	suku	suvut
	gen.	suvun
genitive		suvun	sukujen
partitive		sukua	sukuja
inessive		suvussa	suvuissa
elative		suvusta	suvuista
illative		sukuun	sukuihin
adessive		suvulla	suvuilla
ablative		suvulta	suvuilta
allative		suvulle	suvuille
essive		sukuna	sukuina
translative		suvuksi	suvuiksi
instructive		—	suvuin
abessive		suvutta	suvuitta
comitative		—	sukuineen

Possessive forms of suku (type valo)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	sukuni	sukumme
2nd person	sukusi	sukunne
3rd person	sukunsa

Derived terms

• olla sukua + allative = to be related/kin to; (linguistics) to be cognate with
• olla omaa sukua + possessive suffix = to have a maiden name (of).

Maija Meikäläinen on omaa sukuaan Mäkelä.

Maija Meikäläinen has the maiden name Mäkelä.

• olla suvussa = to run in the family
• kulkea suvussa = to run in the family

• sukuinen
• sukulainen
• sukulaisuus
• sukuloida
• suvullinen
• suvuton

Compounds

• sukuelin
• sukujuhla
• sukujuuret
• sukukalleus
• sukukieli
• sukukirja
• sukukokous
• sukunimi
• sukupuoli
• sukupuu
• sukurakas
• sukurakkaus
• sukurasite
• sukuriita
• sukuseura
• sukusolu
• sukutila
• sukututkija
• sukututkimus
• sukuvika

Anagrams

• kusu, kuus

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Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay suku, ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suku (“one quarter; designation for a division of society, probably a lineage”).[1]

• The sense “clan” is a semantic loan from Minangkabau suku.
• The sense “footer” is a semantic loan from English footer.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsuku]
• Hyphenation: su‧ku

Noun

suku (plural suku-suku, first-person possessive sukuku, second-person possessive sukumu, third-person possessive sukunya)

1. (obsolete) leg, foot

   Synonym: kaki

2. footer: a line of information printed at the bottom of a page as identification of the document.

   Synonym: catatan kaki

3. part

   Synonym: bagian

   1. quarter: a fourth part of something.

      Synonym: seperempat

   2. half rupiah
4. (arithmetic) numerator and denominator.

   Hyponyms: pembilang, penyebut

5. clan: a group of people all descended from a common ancestor, in fact or belief.

   Synonyms: klan, suku sakat

6. ethnicity, ethnic group: a group of people who identify with one another, especially on the basis of ancestral, national, cultural, historical or religious grounds.

   Synonym: etnis

7. (biology, taxonomy) family: a category in the classification of organisms, ranking below order and above genus; a taxon at that rank.

   Synonym: famili

8. (mathematics) term: any value (variable or constant) or expression separated from another term by a space or an appropriate character, in an overall expression or table.
9. (Jambi, Palembang) A traditional unit of gold weight, equal six point seven grams.

Derived terms

• bersuku
• bersuku-suku
• kesukuan
• persukuan
• sepersukuan
• sesuku

 

• suku bangsa
• suku buka
• suku bunga
• suku cadang
• suku dinas
• suku kalimat
• suku kata
• suku padang pasir
• suku pelengkap
• suku sakat
• suku tahun
• suku tertutup

 

Related terms

• bausuku

 

References

1. Robert Blust (2017), “The Challenge of Semantic Reconstruction: Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suku 'lineage; quarter'?”, in Oceanic Linguistics‎, volume 56, issue 1, DOI:10.1353/ol.2017.0010, ISSN 1527-9421, page 247–256

Further reading

• “suku” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

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Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *suku. Cognates include Finnish suku and Estonian sugu.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈsuku/, [ˈs̠uku]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈsuku/, [ˈʃuɡ̊u]
• Rhymes: -uku
• Hyphenation: su‧ku

Noun

suku

1. family, kin
2. breed, sort

Declension

Declension of suku (type 4/koivu, k- gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	suku	suut
genitive	suun	sukkuin, sukuloin
partitive	sukkua	sukuja, sukuloja
illative	sukkuu	sukkui, sukuloihe
inessive	suus	sukuis, sukulois
elative	suust	sukuist, sukuloist
allative	suulle	sukuille, sukuloille
adessive	suul	sukuil, sukuloil
ablative	suult	sukuilt, sukuloilt
translative	suuks	sukuiks, sukuloiks
essive	sukunna, sukkuun	sukuinna, sukuloinna, sukkuin, sukuloin
exessive1)	sukunt	sukuint, sukuloint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 547

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Japanese

Romanization

suku

1. Rōmaji transcription of すく

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Latvian

Noun

suku

1. accusative singular form of suka
2. instrumental singular form of suka
3. genitive plural form of suka

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Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suku (“one quarter; designation for a division of society, probably a lineage”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /su.ku/

Noun

suku (Jawi spelling سوکو‎, plural suku-suku, informal 1st possessive sukuku, 2nd possessive sukumu, 3rd possessive sukunya)

1. quarter; a fourth (mathematics)

   Sekarang satu suku.

   It's a quarter past one now.

2. race; ethnicity

   Suku Jawa

   Javanese race

3. (Negeri Sembilan) a traditional matrilineal clan under Adat Perpatih.

References

• “suku” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
• Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

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Maquiritari

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [suku]

Adverb

suku

1. while sitting, while seated

Noun

suku

1. urine

References

• Cáceres, Natalia (2011), “suku”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana, Lyon, page 264–265
• Hall, Katherine Lee (1988), “suku”, in The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volume I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University
• Lauer, Matthew Taylor (2005) Fertility in Amazonia: Indigenous Concepts of the Human Reproductive Process Among the Ye’kwana of Southern Venezuela‎, Santa Barbara: University of California, page 217

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Mwani

Noun

suku class 9 (plural suku)

1. day

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Naga Pidgin

Etymology

From Assamese চকু (soku).

Noun

suku (plural sukubilak)

1. eye

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Northeast Maidu

Etymology 1

Probably cognate to Wintu suku (“dog, horse”).

Noun

suku

1. a dog

Etymology 2

Unclear. Possibly the same as Etymology 1, above.

Noun

suku

1. a transgender person; a female-bodied person who lives as a man, or vice versa

See also

• two-spirit

References

• Sabine Lang, Men as Women, Women as Men →ISBN, 2010): The data available for Maidu suku suggest that "suku" was a complex term that was used to refer to both male and female "berdaches"; [...] female-bodied suku [...] were treated as men and initiated as such into the men's secret society, but also [...] were subjected to gang rape (or voluntary intercourse) in the dance house by all of the men present and were regarded as "prostitutes."
• Serena Nanda, Gender Diversity: Crosscultural Variations (1999, →ISBN, page 24: In addition to occupation, female gender variants might assume other characteristics of men. Cocopa warrhameh wore a masculine hairstyle and had their noses pierced, like boys (Lang 1998:283). Among the Maidu, the female suku also had her nose pierced on the occasion of her initiation into the men's secret society. Mohave hwame were tattooed like men instead of women.

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Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese açúcar and Spanish azúcar and Kabuverdianu sukra.

Noun

suku

1. sugar

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Sranan Tongo

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch zoeken.

Verb

suku

1. to search, to try to find, to look (for)

Noun

suku

1. search
2. romantic or erotic proposal

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Sundanese

Romanization

suku

1. Romanization of ᮞᮥᮊᮥ

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Ternate

Etymology 1

From Malay suku (“a quarter, fourth”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsu.ku]

Noun

suku

1. a quarter real (the coin)

Etymology 2

From Malay syukur, from Arabic شُكْر‎ (šukr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsu.ku]

Noun

suku

1. thanks, gratitude

Alternative forms

• sukur

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

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Tetum

Etymology 1

Unknown.

Noun

suku

1. tribe

Etymology 2

A Papuan word, compare Fataluku suku.

Verb

suku

1. to sew

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Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *suku.

Pronunciation

• (Luuditsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈsuku/, [ˈsuku]
• Rhymes: -uku
• Hyphenation: su‧ku

Noun

suku

1. extended family, kin, lineage

Inflection

Declension of suku (type II/võrkko, k-g gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	suku	sugud
genitive	sugu	sukuje, sukujõ, sukui
partitive	sukkua	sukuitõ, sukui
illative	sukku, sukkusõ	sukuje, sukujõ, sukuisõ
inessive	suguz	sukuiz
elative	sugussõ	sukuissõ
allative	sugulõ	sukuilõ
adessive	sugullõ	sukuillõ
ablative	sugultõ	sukuiltõ
translative	sugussi	sukuissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012), “suku”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2 edition, Tallinn