sukti
See also: sūkti
Lithuanian
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *suk- (“turn, spin”); compare Latvian sukt, Proto-Slavic *sъkati (Russian скать (skatʹ, “twist, turn”), Czech skati). Also related are Latvian sàucêt, Proto-Slavic *sučiti. Beyond Balto-Slavic, hesitant connections have been made with Tocharian A ṣkārā, Tocharian B aṣkār (“at the back”),[1] Ossetian хуы́рх (x°ýrx, “whey”), Latin sucula (“winch”).[2]
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /sʊk.tʲɪ/
Verb
sùkti (third-person present tense sùka, third-person past tense sùko)
- turn (change direction of movement)
- Sukti į kaĩrę draũdžiama. ― No left turn (lit. turning left is forbidden)
- cause to turn, rotate, revolve
- Tekė́damas vanduõ suka turbìnų mentès. ― The water turns the turbine blades as it flows.
- circle, twirl, whirl (move in a circular motion)
- Virš galvõs tỹliai ratù sùko šikšnósparniai. ― Bats twirled around above my head.
- weave, spin
- paũkštis sùka lìzdą ― The bird is making a nest.
Inflection
conjugation of sukti
| singular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) | 2nd person (antrasis asmuo) | 3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) | 2nd person (antrasis asmuo) | 3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | |||
| aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
| indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka) | present (esamasis laikas) | sukù | sukì | sùka | sùkame, sùkam | sùkate, sùkat | sùka | |
| past (būtasis kartinis laikas) | sukaũ | sukaĩ | sùko | sùkome, sùkom | sùkote, sùkot | sùko | ||
| past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas) | sùkdavau | sùkdavai | sùkdavo | sùkdavome, sùkdavom | sùkdavote, sùkdavot | sùkdavo | ||
| future (būsimasis laikas) | sùksiu | sùksi | sùks | sùksime, sùksim | sùksite, sùksit | sùks | ||
| subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka) | sùkčiau | sùktum, sùktumei | sùktų | sùktumėme, sùktumėm, sùktume | sùktumėte, sùktumėt | sùktų | ||
| imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka) | — | sùk, sùki | tesùka, tesùkie | sùkime, sùkim | sùkite, sùkit | tesùka, tesùkie | ||
Participles of sukti
| Adjectival (dalyviai) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| active | passive | ||
| present | sùkąs, sùkantis | sùkamas | |
| past | sùkęs | sùktas | |
| past frequentative | sùkdavęs | — | |
| future | sùksiąs, sùksiantis | sùksimas | |
| participle of necessity | — | sùktinas | |
| Adverbial | |||
| special (pusdalyvis) | sùkdamas | ||
| half-participle (padalyviai) | present | sùkant | |
| past | sùkus | ||
| past frequentative | sùkdavus | ||
| future | sùksiant | ||
| manner of action (būdinys) | sùkte, sùktinai | ||
Derived terms
prefixed forms of sukti
- apsukti, apsisukti
- atsukti, atsisukti
- įsukti
- išsukti, išsisukti
- nusukti, nusisukti
- pasukti, pasisukti
- persukti, persisukti
- prasukti, prasisukti
- prisukti, prisisukti
- susukti, susisukti
- užsukti, užsisukti
References
- Albert J. van Windekens (1979) Le tokharien confronté avec les autres langues indoeuropéennes. Vol. I. La phonétique et le vocabulaire. Louvain, pages 455-456
- Jan Safarewicz (1961) Ze słownictwa bałto-słowiańskiego (Innowacje czasownikowe) [Notes on the Balto-Slavic Vocabulary (Verbal innovations)] in Slavia Antiqua, volume 8, pages 253-254