sucumbir
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin succumbere.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /su.kũˈbi(ʁ)/ [su.kũˈbi(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /su.kũˈbi(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /su.kũˈbi(ʁ)/ [su.kũˈbi(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /su.kũˈbi(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /su.kũˈbiɾ/
- Hyphenation: su‧cum‧bir
Verb
sucumbir (first-person singular present sucumbo, first-person singular preterite sucumbi, past participle sucumbido)
- to succumb
Conjugation
Conjugation of sucumbir (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | sucumbir | |||||
Personal | sucumbir | sucumbires | sucumbir | sucumbirmos | sucumbirdes | sucumbirem |
Gerund | ||||||
sucumbindo | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | sucumbido | sucumbidos | ||||
Feminine | sucumbida | sucumbidas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | sucumbo | sucumbes | sucumbe | sucumbimos | sucumbis | sucumbem |
Imperfect | sucumbia | sucumbias | sucumbia | sucumbíamos | sucumbíeis | sucumbiam |
Preterite | sucumbi | sucumbiste | sucumbiu | sucumbimos | sucumbistes | sucumbiram |
Pluperfect | sucumbira | sucumbiras | sucumbira | sucumbíramos | sucumbíreis | sucumbiram |
Future | sucumbirei | sucumbirás | sucumbirá | sucumbiremos | sucumbireis | sucumbirão |
Conditional | ||||||
sucumbiria | sucumbirias | sucumbiria | sucumbiríamos | sucumbiríeis | sucumbiriam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | sucumba | sucumbas | sucumba | sucumbamos | sucumbais | sucumbam |
Imperfect | sucumbisse | sucumbisses | sucumbisse | sucumbíssemos | sucumbísseis | sucumbissem |
Future | sucumbir | sucumbires | sucumbir | sucumbirmos | sucumbirdes | sucumbirem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | sucumbe | sucumba | sucumbamos | sucumbi | sucumbam | |
Negative (não) | não sucumbas | não sucumba | não sucumbamos | não sucumbais | não sucumbam |
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin succumbere, present active infinitive of succumbō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sukumˈbiɾ/ [su.kũmˈbiɾ]
Audio (Colombia) (file) - Rhymes: -iɾ
- Syllabification: su‧cum‧bir
Verb
sucumbir (first-person singular present sucumbo, first-person singular preterite sucumbí, past participle sucumbido)
- (intransitive) to succumb
Conjugation
Conjugation of sucumbir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive | sucumbir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | sucumbiendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | sucumbido | sucumbida | |||||
plural | sucumbidos | sucumbidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | sucumbo | sucumbestú sucumbísvos | sucumbe | sucumbimos | sucumbís | sucumben | |
imperfect | sucumbía | sucumbías | sucumbía | sucumbíamos | sucumbíais | sucumbían | |
preterite | sucumbí | sucumbiste | sucumbió | sucumbimos | sucumbisteis | sucumbieron | |
future | sucumbiré | sucumbirás | sucumbirá | sucumbiremos | sucumbiréis | sucumbirán | |
conditional | sucumbiría | sucumbirías | sucumbiría | sucumbiríamos | sucumbiríais | sucumbirían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | sucumba | sucumbastú sucumbásvos2 | sucumba | sucumbamos | sucumbáis | sucumban | |
imperfect (ra) | sucumbiera | sucumbieras | sucumbiera | sucumbiéramos | sucumbierais | sucumbieran | |
imperfect (se) | sucumbiese | sucumbieses | sucumbiese | sucumbiésemos | sucumbieseis | sucumbiesen | |
future1 | sucumbiere | sucumbieres | sucumbiere | sucumbiéremos | sucumbiereis | sucumbieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
affirmative | sucumbetú sucumbívos | sucumba | sucumbamos | sucumbid | sucumban | ||
negative | no sucumbas | no sucumba | no sucumbamos | no sucumbáis | no sucumban |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of sucumbir
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive sucumbir | |||||||
dative | sucumbirme | sucumbirte | sucumbirle, sucumbirse | sucumbirnos | sucumbiros | sucumbirles, sucumbirse | |
accusative | sucumbirme | sucumbirte | sucumbirlo, sucumbirla, sucumbirse | sucumbirnos | sucumbiros | sucumbirlos, sucumbirlas, sucumbirse | |
with gerund sucumbiendo | |||||||
dative | sucumbiéndome | sucumbiéndote | sucumbiéndole, sucumbiéndose | sucumbiéndonos | sucumbiéndoos | sucumbiéndoles, sucumbiéndose | |
accusative | sucumbiéndome | sucumbiéndote | sucumbiéndolo, sucumbiéndola, sucumbiéndose | sucumbiéndonos | sucumbiéndoos | sucumbiéndolos, sucumbiéndolas, sucumbiéndose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative sucumbe | |||||||
dative | sucúmbeme | sucúmbete | sucúmbele | sucúmbenos | not used | sucúmbeles | |
accusative | sucúmbeme | sucúmbete | sucúmbelo, sucúmbela | sucúmbenos | not used | sucúmbelos, sucúmbelas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative sucumbí | |||||||
dative | sucumbime | sucumbite | sucumbile | sucumbinos | not used | sucumbiles | |
accusative | sucumbime | sucumbite | sucumbilo, sucumbila | sucumbinos | not used | sucumbilos, sucumbilas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative sucumba | |||||||
dative | sucúmbame | not used | sucúmbale, sucúmbase | sucúmbanos | not used | sucúmbales | |
accusative | sucúmbame | not used | sucúmbalo, sucúmbala, sucúmbase | sucúmbanos | not used | sucúmbalos, sucúmbalas | |
with first-person plural imperative sucumbamos | |||||||
dative | not used | sucumbámoste | sucumbámosle | sucumbámonos | sucumbámoos | sucumbámosles | |
accusative | not used | sucumbámoste | sucumbámoslo, sucumbámosla | sucumbámonos | sucumbámoos | sucumbámoslos, sucumbámoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative sucumbid | |||||||
dative | sucumbidme | not used | sucumbidle | sucumbidnos | sucumbíos | sucumbidles | |
accusative | sucumbidme | not used | sucumbidlo, sucumbidla | sucumbidnos | sucumbíos | sucumbidlos, sucumbidlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative sucumban | |||||||
dative | sucúmbanme | not used | sucúmbanle | sucúmbannos | not used | sucúmbanles, sucúmbanse | |
accusative | sucúmbanme | not used | sucúmbanlo, sucúmbanla | sucúmbannos | not used | sucúmbanlos, sucúmbanlas, sucúmbanse |
Further reading
- “sucumbir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014