submerger
English
Etymology
From submerge + -er.
Noun
submerger (plural submergers)
- (rare) Someone or something that submerges.
Anagrams
- Umbergers
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin submergere, present active infinitive of submergō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /syb.mɛʁ.ʒe/
Audio (file)
Verb
submerger
- to submerge
- Ce navire a été submergé.
- to be engulfed in or with something
- Je suis submergé de travail.
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written submerge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of submerger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | submerger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | submergeant /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | submergé /syb.mɛʁ.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | submerge /syb.mɛʁʒ/ | submerges /syb.mɛʁʒ/ | submerge /syb.mɛʁʒ/ | submergeons /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɔ̃/ | submergez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒe/ | submergent /syb.mɛʁʒ/ |
| imperfect | submergeais /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/ | submergeais /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/ | submergeait /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/ | submergions /syb.mɛʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ | submergiez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒje/ | submergeaient /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | submergeai /syb.mɛʁ.ʒe/ | submergeas /syb.mɛʁ.ʒa/ | submergea /syb.mɛʁ.ʒa/ | submergeâmes /syb.mɛʁ.ʒam/ | submergeâtes /syb.mɛʁ.ʒat/ | submergèrent /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | submergerai /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ | submergeras /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ | submergera /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ | submergerons /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ | submergerez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ | submergeront /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | submergerais /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | submergerais /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | submergerait /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | submergerions /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ | submergeriez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁje/ | submergeraient /syb.mɛʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | submerge /syb.mɛʁʒ/ | submerges /syb.mɛʁʒ/ | submerge /syb.mɛʁʒ/ | submergions /syb.mɛʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ | submergiez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒje/ | submergent /syb.mɛʁʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | submergeasse /syb.mɛʁ.ʒas/ | submergeasses /syb.mɛʁ.ʒas/ | submergeât /syb.mɛʁ.ʒa/ | submergeassions /syb.mɛʁ.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ | submergeassiez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒa.sje/ | submergeassent /syb.mɛʁ.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | submerge /syb.mɛʁʒ/ | — | submergeons /syb.mɛʁ.ʒɔ̃/ | submergez /syb.mɛʁ.ʒe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Synonyms
submerger has most of the time a passive voice, active and transitive synonym is immerger.
Related terms
- submersible
- submersion
- immerger
- émerger
Further reading
- “submerger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.