subeo
Latin
Etymology
From sub- (“under”) + eō (“go”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsu.be.oː/, [ˈs̠ʊbeoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈsu.be.o/, [ˈsuːbeo]
Verb
subeō (present infinitive subīre, perfect active subiī or subīvī, supine subitum); irregular conjugation, irregular
- I go under, come under; enter.
- Synonyms: ineō, ingredior, introeō, intrō, succēdō, accēdō, invādō, immigrō
- Antonyms: exeō, ēvādō, ēgredior, abeō, ēiciō
- I come or go up to, approach, draw near, advance or proceed to a place; come or go on.
- Synonyms: adorior, prōgredior, prōdeō, prōcēdō, adeō, incēdō, aggredior, gradior, īnferō, succēdō, prōficiō
- Antonyms: discēdō, dīgredior, facessō, excēdō, dēficiō, dēgredior, dēcēdō
- I succeed, follow, take place.
- Synonyms: succēdō, excipiō, sequor
- I occur, come to mind.
- 8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Tristia 1.125-126:
- et sī quae subeunt, tēcum, liber, omnia ferrēs,
sarcina lātūrō magna futūrus erās.- And, [my] book, if you were to carry with you all [the thoughts] which are coming to mind, [what] a heavy burden you would be to the one who will be carrying you!
(Writing from exile, Ovid addresses his book as if it were a living emissary he will send back to Rome. The poet mingles present and future tenses in this conditional “if–then” couplet.)
- And, [my] book, if you were to carry with you all [the thoughts] which are coming to mind, [what] a heavy burden you would be to the one who will be carrying you!
- et sī quae subeunt, tēcum, liber, omnia ferrēs,
- I submit to, undergo, bear, endure.
- Synonyms: tolerō, sustineō, patiō, accipiō, recipiō, sinō, suscipiō, sufferō, dūrō, ferō, perferō, sustentō, perpetior
- I approach stealthily, sneak up on.
- I go up, mount, climb, scale
- Synonyms: īnscendō, cōnscendō, ascendō, escendō, succēdō, enitor, superscandō, suprascandō, ērēpō, scandō
- Antonyms: dēscendō, dēcurrō
Conjugation
Irregular conjugation, but similar to fourth conjugation. The third principal part is most often contracted to subiī, but occasionally appears as subīvī.
| Conjugation of subeō (irregular) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | subeō | subīs | subit | subīmus | subītis | subeunt |
| imperfect | subībam | subībās | subībat | subībāmus | subībātis | subībant | |
| future | subībō | subībis | subībit | subībimus | subībitis | subībunt | |
| perfect | subiī, subīvī | subīstī, subīvistī | subiit, subīvit | subiimus | subīstis | subiērunt, subiēre | |
| pluperfect | subieram | subierās | subierat | subierāmus | subierātis | subierant | |
| future perfect | subierō | subieris | subierit | subierimus | subieritis | subierint | |
| passive | present | subeor | subīris, subīre | subītur | subīmur | subīminī | subeuntur |
| imperfect | subībar | subībāris, subībāre | subībātur | subībāmur | subībāminī | subībantur | |
| future | subībor | subīberis, subībere | subībitur | subībimur | subībiminī | subībuntur | |
| perfect | subitus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | subitus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | subitus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | subeam | subeās | subeat | subeāmus | subeātis | subeant |
| imperfect | subīrem | subīrēs | subīret | subīrēmus | subīrētis | subīrent | |
| perfect | subierim | subierīs | subierit | subierīmus | subierītis | subierint | |
| pluperfect | subīssem | subīssēs | subīsset | subīssēmus | subīssētis | subīssent | |
| passive | present | subear | subeāris, subeāre | subeātur | subeāmur | subeāminī | subeantur |
| imperfect | subīrer | subīrēris, subīrēre | subīrētur | subīrēmur | subīrēminī | subīrentur | |
| perfect | subitus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | subitus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | subī | — | — | subīte | — |
| future | — | subītō | subītō | — | subītōte | subeuntō | |
| passive | present | — | subīre | — | — | subīminī | — |
| future | — | subītor | subītor | — | — | subeuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | subīre | subīsse | subitūrum esse | subīrī | subitum esse | subitum īrī | |
| participles | subiēns | — | subitūrus | — | subitus | subeundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| subeundī | subeundō | subeundum | subeundō | subitum | subitū | ||
Related terms
- subitārius
- subitō
- subitus
Descendants
- Aragonese: subir
- Asturian: xubir
- Corsican: subì
- Extremaduran: subil
- French: subir
- Galician: subir
- Italian: subire
- Ligurian: subî
- Leonese: xubire
- Megleno-Romanian: sui
- Mirandese: chubir
- Navarro-Aragonese: subir, sobir
- Occitan: subir
- Old Portuguese: subir, sobir
- Old Spanish: subir
- Piedmontese: sübì
- Portuguese: subir, sobir
- Romanian: sui, suire
- Sardinian: subire
- Spanish: subir
- Venetian: subir
References
- “subeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “subeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- subeo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- subeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to suffer mishap: calamitatem accipere, subire
- to incur danger, risk: pericula subire, adire, suscipere
- to suffer reproof; to be criticised, blamed: vituperationem subire
- to gain the reputation of cruelty: famam crudelitatis subire (Catil. 4. 6. 12)
- to incur ignominy: infamiam concipere, subire, sibi conflare
- an idea strikes me: haec cogitatio subit animum
- to incur a person's hatred: alicuius odium subire, suscipere, in se convertere, sibi conflare
- to enter the house: tectum subire
- to submit to a punishment: poenam subire
- to advance to the walls protected by a covering of shields: testudine facta moenia subire (B. G. 2. 6)
- to accept the terms of the peace: pacis condiciones accipere, subire (opp. repudiare, respuere)
- (ambiguous) to speak extempore: subito, ex tempore (opp. ex praeparato) dicere
- to suffer mishap: calamitatem accipere, subire