studeo
Latin
Alternative forms
- studio
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd-, from *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”). Related to English stub; compare also Scots stap (“to strike, to forcibly insert”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈstu.de.oː/, [ˈs̠t̪ʊd̪eoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈstu.de.o/, [ˈst̪uːd̪eo]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Verb
studeō (present infinitive studēre, perfect active studuī); second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem
- I dedicate myself (to), direct my efforts or attention (to), strive after, am devoted to (usually with dative)
- Synonyms: lūctor, dēdō, certō, ēlabōrō, cōnītor, cōnor, ēnītor, appetō, affectō, tendō, temptō, quaerō, contendō, adnītor, īnsequor, labōrō, pugnō, molior, perīclitor, nītor, spectō, serviō
- agriculturae studeo ― I dedicate myself to agriculture
- sacrificiis studeo ― I dedicate myself to sacrifices
- c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 92:
- Nīl nimium studeō, Caesar, tibi velle placēre,
nec scīre utrum sīs albus an āter homō.- I do not strive too much, Caesar, to want to please you,
nor to know whether you are a white or black human.
- I do not strive too much, Caesar, to want to please you,
- Nīl nimium studeō, Caesar, tibi velle placēre,
- Caesar, de Bello Gallico VII, 28:
- Nec fuit quisquam, qui praedae studeret
- There was not anyone who was striving for the plunder
- Nec fuit quisquam, qui praedae studeret
- I aspire to, tend to, desire, look for
- Synonyms: requīrō, affectō, cupiō, quaerō, aveō, concupiō, petō, expetō, indigeō, circumspiciō, sitiō, spectō, voveō, appetō, intendō
- Antonyms: āversor, abhorreō
- I am attached or favorable to, favor, support, side with (usually with dative)
- alicui studere ― to side with someone
- Caesar, de Bello Gallico VII, 20:
- Cui rei propter animi mollitiem studere omnes videret
- to which he perceived that all were inclined owing to their want of energy
- Cui rei propter animi mollitiem studere omnes videret
- (especially Late Latin, Medieval Latin) I study, I apply myself to learning
- 61 CE – c. 112 CE, Pliny the Younger, Epistulae :
- Studēs an piscāris?
- Are you studying or fishing?
- Studēs an piscāris?
- (Medieval Latin) I care, I think
- Synonyms: cōnsulō, cūrō, cōnsultō, colō, respiciō
- [1678, du Cange, Glossarium mediæ et infimæ latinitatis, volume 3, column 977:
- STUDERE, Studiare : Curare, Gall. Penser. Gregorius Turon. lib. 6. Hist. c. 32.
- Glossary of middle and low Latin]
Usage notes
When used with a dative, studeō means to have a taste or inclination for a person or thing, to keep close to it.
The verb studeō used with an accusative means to search earnestly for a thing, to desire and covet it.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of studeō (second conjugation, no supine stem, active only) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | studeō | studēs | studet | studēmus | studētis | student |
| imperfect | studēbam | studēbās | studēbat | studēbāmus | studēbātis | studēbant | |
| future | studēbō | studēbis | studēbit | studēbimus | studēbitis | studēbunt | |
| perfect | studuī | studuistī | studuit | studuimus | studuistis | studuērunt, studuēre | |
| pluperfect | studueram | studuerās | studuerat | studuerāmus | studuerātis | studuerant | |
| future perfect | studuerō | studueris | studuerit | studuerimus | studueritis | studuerint | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | studeam | studeās | studeat | studeāmus | studeātis | studeant |
| imperfect | studērem | studērēs | studēret | studērēmus | studērētis | studērent | |
| perfect | studuerim | studuerīs | studuerit | studuerīmus | studuerītis | studuerint | |
| pluperfect | studuissem | studuissēs | studuisset | studuissēmus | studuissētis | studuissent | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | studē | — | — | studēte | — |
| future | — | studētō | studētō | — | studētōte | studentō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | studēre | studuisse | — | — | — | — | |
| participles | studēns | — | — | — | — | — | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| studendī | studendō | studendum | studendō | — | — | ||
Derived terms
- studēns
- studium
Related terms
- studiolum
- studiōsē
- studiōsus
Descendants
- Afrikaans: studeer
- Albanian: studioj
- Aragonese: estudiar
- Asturian: estudiar
- Breton: studiañ
- Catalan: estudiar
- Cornish: studhya
- Corsican: studià
- Czech: studovat
- Danish: studere
- Dutch: studeren
- English: study
- Esperanto: studi
- Faroese: studera
- Franco-Provençal: êtudier, êtudiar
- French: étudier
- Friulian: studiâ
- Galician: estudar
- German: studieren
- ⇒ Lower Sorbian: studěrowaś
- Haitian Creole: etidye
- Ido: studiar
- Interlingua: studiar
- Irish: staidéar
- Italian: studiare
- Kashubian: sztudérowac
- Ladin: studièr
- Latvian: studēt
- Ligurian: studiâ
- Lithuanian: studijuoti
- Lombard: stüdià
- Middle French: estudier
- Neapolitan: studià
- Norman: êtudier (Jersey)
- Norwegian: studere
- Occitan: estudiar
- Papiamentu: studia
- Piedmontese: studié
- Polish: studiować
- Portuguese: estudar, studar
- Romanian: studia
- Romansch: studegiar
- Russian: штудировать (študirovatʹ)
- Sardinian: istudiai, istudiare
- Serbo-Croatian: studírati (студи́рати)
- Sicilian: studiari
- Slovak: študovať
- Slovene: študirati
- Spanish: estudiar
- Swedish: studera
- Venetian: studiar
- Volapük: studön
- Walloon: studyî
- Welsh: astudio
- West Frisian: studearje
- Yiddish: שטודירן (shtudirn)
References
- “studeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- studeo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- “studeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- studeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- studere in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to look favourably upon; to support: studere, favere alicui
- to study Greek literature: graecis litteris studere
- to have an inclination for a thing: studere alicui rei, studiosum esse alicuius rei
- to have a taste for agriculture: agriculturae studere (opp. agriculturam deserere)
- to embrace the cause of..., be a partisan of..: alicuius partibus studere
- to hold revolutionary opinions: novis rebus studere
- to look favourably upon; to support: studere, favere alicui
- studeo in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016