stoppen
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈstɔpə(n)/
audio (file) - Hyphenation: stop‧pen
- Rhymes: -ɔpən
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch stoppen, from Old Dutch *stoppon, from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn.
Verb
stoppen
- to stop, to halt
- Ze zijn gestopt met werken.
- They have stopped working.
- to plug
- Het lek is gestopt.
- The leak has been plugged.
- to stuff, to put, to insert
- Stop dat daar maar ergens tussen.
- Stuff that in between there somewhere.
- Stop de stekker in het stopcontact.
- Insert the plug into the socket.
- to darn
- Hij heeft zijn sokken gestopt.
- He has darned his socks.
Inflection
| Inflection of stoppen (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | stoppen | |||
| past singular | stopte | |||
| past participle | gestopt | |||
| infinitive | stoppen | |||
| gerund | stoppen n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | stop | stopte | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | stopt | stopte | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | stopt | stopte | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | stopt | stopte | ||
| 3rd person singular | stopt | stopte | ||
| plural | stoppen | stopten | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | stoppe | stopte | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | stoppen | stopten | ||
| imperative sing. | stop | |||
| imperative plur.1 | stopt | |||
| participles | stoppend | gestopt | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Synonyms
- beëindigen
- ophouden
Antonyms
- starten
- beginnen
Derived terms
- instoppen
- stopbord
- stopcontact
- volstoppen
- wegstoppen
Related terms
- stop
Descendants
- Afrikaans: stop
- Berbice Creole Dutch: stupu
- Negerhollands: stop, top
- → Caribbean Javanese: setop
- → Indonesian: setop
- → Papiamentu: stòp, stop
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
stoppen
- Plural form of stop
German
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle Low German stoppen. As in Dutch stoppen, the sense “to stop” is figurative from water flow being stopped by plugging. Only in this figurative meaning has the form been adopted into standard German proper, under the reinforcing influence of English to stop.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʃtɔpən/, [ˈʃtɔpən], [ˈʃtɔpm̩]
audio (file) audio (file) audio (file)
Verb
stoppen (weak, third-person singular present stoppt, past tense stoppte, past participle gestoppt, auxiliary haben)
- (standard, transitive or intransitive) to stop
- Wir müssen diese Entwicklung stoppen. ― We must stop this development.
- Das Auto hat vor der Kreuzung gestoppt. ― The car stopped at the crossroads.
- (colloquial, regional, northern and central Germany) Alternative form of stopfen (“to stuff, to plug”)
- Musste dein Zeug da so unvorsichtig reinstoppen?
- D'you need to stuff your things in there so carelessly?
Conjugation
Conjugation of stoppen (weak, auxiliary haben)
| infinitive | stoppen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | stoppend | ||||
| past participle | gestoppt | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| present | ich stoppe | wir stoppen | i | ich stoppe | wir stoppen |
| du stoppst | ihr stoppt | du stoppest | ihr stoppet | ||
| er stoppt | sie stoppen | er stoppe | sie stoppen | ||
| preterite | ich stoppte | wir stoppten | ii | ich stoppte1 | wir stoppten1 |
| du stopptest | ihr stopptet | du stopptest1 | ihr stopptet1 | ||
| er stoppte | sie stoppten | er stoppte1 | sie stoppten1 | ||
| imperative | stopp (du) stoppe (du) | stoppt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Composed forms of stoppen (weak, auxiliary haben)
| perfect | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | ich habe gestoppt | wir haben gestoppt | subjunctive | ich habe gestoppt | wir haben gestoppt |
| du hast gestoppt | ihr habt gestoppt | du habest gestoppt | ihr habet gestoppt | ||
| er hat gestoppt | sie haben gestoppt | er habe gestoppt | sie haben gestoppt | ||
| pluperfect | |||||
| indicative | ich hatte gestoppt | wir hatten gestoppt | subjunctive | ich hätte gestoppt | wir hätten gestoppt |
| du hattest gestoppt | ihr hattet gestoppt | du hättest gestoppt | ihr hättet gestoppt | ||
| er hatte gestoppt | sie hatten gestoppt | er hätte gestoppt | sie hätten gestoppt | ||
| future i | |||||
| infinitive | stoppen werden | subjunctive i | ich werdestoppen | wir werdenstoppen | |
| du werdeststoppen | ihr werdetstoppen | ||||
| er werdestoppen | sie werdenstoppen | ||||
| indicative | ich werdestoppen | wir werdenstoppen | subjunctive ii | ich würdestoppen | wir würdenstoppen |
| du wirststoppen | ihr werdetstoppen | du würdeststoppen | ihr würdetstoppen | ||
| er wirdstoppen | sie werdenstoppen | er würdestoppen | sie würdenstoppen | ||
| future ii | |||||
| infinitive | gestoppt haben werden | subjunctive i | ich werde gestoppt haben | wir werden gestoppt haben | |
| du werdest gestoppt haben | ihr werdet gestoppt haben | ||||
| er werde gestoppt haben | sie werden gestoppt haben | ||||
| indicative | ich werde gestoppt haben | wir werden gestoppt haben | subjunctive ii | ich würde gestoppt haben | wir würden gestoppt haben |
| du wirst gestoppt haben | ihr werdet gestoppt haben | du würdest gestoppt haben | ihr würdet gestoppt haben | ||
| er wird gestoppt haben | sie werden gestoppt haben | er würde gestoppt haben | sie würden gestoppt haben | ||
Synonyms
- (sense 1) anhalten
Further reading
- “stoppen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “stoppen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “stoppen” in Duden online
- “stoppen” in OpenThesaurus.de
Luxembourgish
Etymology
From Old High German stophōn, from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʃtopən/
Verb
stoppen (third-person singular present stoppt, past participle gestoppt, auxiliary verb hunn)
- (transitive or intransitive) to stop, to halt
- (transitive) to stop, to plug
Conjugation
| Regular | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | stoppen | |
| participle | gestoppt | |
| auxiliary | hunn | |
| present indicative | imperative | |
| 1st singular | stoppen | — |
| 2nd singular | stopps | stopp |
| 3rd singular | stoppt | — |
| 1st plural | stoppen | — |
| 2nd plural | stoppt | stoppt |
| 3rd plural | stoppen | — |
| (n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. | ||
Derived terms
- opstoppen
- verstoppen
- zoustoppen
Middle English
Alternative forms
- stoppien
Etymology
From Old English stoppian, from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn.
Verb
stoppen (third-person singular simple present stoppeth, present participle stoppende, stoppynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle stopped)
- to stop
Conjugation
Conjugation of stoppen (weak in -ed)
| infinitive | (to) stoppen, stoppe | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | stoppe | stopped | |
| 2nd-person singular | stoppest | stoppedest | |
| 3rd-person singular | stoppeth | stopped | |
| subjunctive singular | stoppe | ||
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural1 | stoppen, stoppe | stoppeden, stoppede | |
| imperative plural | stoppeth, stoppe | — | |
| participles | stoppynge, stoppende | stopped, ystopped | |
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Descendants
- English: stop (see there for further descendants)
- Scots: stop, stap
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
- stoppet (Etymology 2)
Noun
stoppen m
- definite singular of stopp (Etymology 1)
stoppen m or n
- definite masculine singular of stopp (Etymology 2)
Norwegian Nynorsk
Alternative forms
- stoppet (Etymology 2)
Noun
stoppen m
- definite singular of stopp (Etymology 1)
stoppen m or n
- definite masculine singular of stopp (Etymology 2)
Swedish
Noun
stoppen
- definite singular of stopp.
- definite plural of stopp
Anagrams
- toppens