astreindre
French
Etymology
From Old French astreindre, from Latin astringere, present active infinitive of astringō (“bind, tighten”).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
astreindre
- (transitive) to constrain, compel
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in 't' instead of a vowel.
Conjugation of astreindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | astreindre | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | astreignant /as.tʁɛ.ɲɑ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | astreint /as.tʁɛ̃/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | astreins /as.tʁɛ̃/ | astreins /as.tʁɛ̃/ | astreint /as.tʁɛ̃/ | astreignons /as.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/ | astreignez /as.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /as.tʁe.ɲe/ | astreignent /as.tʁɛɲ/ |
| imperfect | astreignais /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/ | astreignais /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/ | astreignait /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/ | astreignions /as.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ | astreigniez /as.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /as.tʁe.ɲje/ | astreignaient /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | astreignis /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/ | astreignis /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/ | astreignit /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/ | astreignîmes /as.tʁɛ.ɲim/ or /as.tʁe.ɲim/ | astreignîtes /as.tʁɛ.ɲit/ or /as.tʁe.ɲit/ | astreignirent /as.tʁɛ.ɲiʁ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲiʁ/ | |
| future | astreindrai /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/ | astreindras /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/ | astreindra /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/ | astreindrons /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | astreindrez /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/ | astreindront /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | astreindrais /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | astreindrais /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | astreindrait /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | astreindrions /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ | astreindriez /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.je/ | astreindraient /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | astreigne /as.tʁɛɲ/ | astreignes /as.tʁɛɲ/ | astreigne /as.tʁɛɲ/ | astreignions /as.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ | astreigniez /as.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /as.tʁe.ɲje/ | astreignent /as.tʁɛɲ/ |
| imperfect2 | astreignisse /as.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /as.tʁe.ɲis/ | astreignisses /as.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /as.tʁe.ɲis/ | astreignît /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/ | astreignissions /as.tʁɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ | astreignissiez /as.tʁɛ.ɲi.sje/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi.sje/ | astreignissent /as.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /as.tʁe.ɲis/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | astreins /as.tʁɛ̃/ | — | astreignons /as.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/ | astreignez /as.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /as.tʁe.ɲe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- astreignable
Related terms
- astringent
Further reading
- “astreindre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- étreindras
- reteindras
- retiendras