asteroid
English
Pronunciation
- enPR: ăs'tə-roid", IPA(key): /ˈæstəɹɔɪd/
Audio (US) (file)
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀστεροειδής (asteroeidḗs), from ἀστήρ (astḗr, “star”) + εἶδος (eîdos, “form”). Analyzable as aster- + -oid
Noun
asteroid (plural asteroids)
- (zoology) Any member of the taxonomic class Asteroidea; a starfish
Related terms
- aster
- asterisk
- asterism
Etymology 2
![](Images/wiktionary/243_ida.jpg.webp)
aster + -oid Coined by William Herschel, terming these objects "star-like". Analyzable as aster- + -oid
Noun
asteroid (plural asteroids)
- (astronomy) A naturally occurring solid object, which is smaller than a planet, larger than a meteoroid and not a comet, that orbits a star and often has an irregular shape.
- (astronomy) In the Solar system, such a body that orbits within the orbit of Jupiter
- 2007, Hannu Karttunen et al., editor, Fundamental Astronomy, 5 edition, page 131:
- The orbital planes of asteroids, minor bodies that circle the Sun mainly between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, are often more tilted ...
-
Usage notes
The term "asteroid" has never been precisely defined. It was coined for objects which looked like stars in a telescope but moved like planets. These were known from the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and were later found co-orbiting with Jupiter (Trojan asteroids) and within the orbit of Mars. They were naturally distinguished from comets, which did not look at all starlike. Starting in the 1970s, small non-cometary bodies were found outside the orbit of Jupiter, and usage became divided as to whether to call these "asteroids" as well. Some astronomers restrict the term "asteroid" to rocky or rocky-icy bodies with orbits up to Jupiter. They may retain the term planetoid for all small bodies, and thus tend to use it for icy or rocky-icy bodies beyond Jupiter, or may use dedicated words such as centaurs, Kuiper belt objects, transneptunian objects, etc. for the latter. Other astronomers use "asteroid" for all non-cometary bodies smaller than a planet, even large ones such as Sedna and (occasionally) Pluto. However, the distinction between asteroid and comet is an artificial one; many outer "asteroids" would become comets if they ventured nearer the Sun. The IAU terminology since 2006 has been small Solar System body for any body that orbits the Sun directly and whose shape is not dominated by gravity.
Derived terms
- Apohele asteroid
- asteroid belt
- Atira asteroid
- kuiperoid
- Vatira asteroid
Related terms
- aster
- asterisk
- asterism
- minor planet
Translations
|
See also
- astroid
- comet
- meteor
- meteorite
- planetoid
Further reading
- asteroid in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
- asteroid in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911
Anagrams
- ideators
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈastɛroɪt]
Noun
asteroid m
- asteroid
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | asteroid | asteroidy |
genitive | asteroidu | asteroidů |
dative | asteroidu | asteroidům |
accusative | asteroid | asteroidy |
vocative | asteroide | asteroidy |
locative | asteroidu | asteroidech |
instrumental | asteroidem | asteroidy |
Related terms
- See astro-
See also
- planetka
Further reading
- asteroid in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu
- asteroid in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
Estonian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɑsteˈroi̯d̥/, [ɑsteˈroi̯d̥], /ˈɑsteroi̯d̥/, [ˈɑsteroi̯d̥]
Noun
asteroid (genitive asteroidi, partitive asteroidi)
- asteroid
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | asteroid | asteroidid |
genitive | asteroidi | asteroidide |
partitive | asteroidi | asteroide / asteroidisid |
illative | asteroidi / asteroidisse | asteroididesse / asteroidesse |
inessive | asteroidis | asteroidides / asteroides |
elative | asteroidist | asteroididest / asteroidest |
allative | asteroidile | asteroididele / asteroidele |
adessive | asteroidil | asteroididel / asteroidel |
ablative | asteroidilt | asteroididelt / asteroidelt |
translative | asteroidiks | asteroidideks / asteroideks |
terminative | asteroidini | asteroidideni |
essive | asteroidina | asteroididena |
abessive | asteroidita | asteroidideta |
comitative | asteroidiga | asteroididega |
Further reading
- asteroid in Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat
Indonesian
Etymology
From English asteroid.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [asteˈroɪt̚]
- Hyphenation: as‧té‧ro‧id
Noun
astéroid (first-person possessive asteroidku, second-person possessive asteroidmu, third-person possessive asteroidnya)
- (astronomy) asteroid
- Synonym: planetoid
Further reading
- “asteroid” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Romanian
Etymology
Borrowed from French astéroïde.
Noun
asteroid m (plural asteroizi)
- asteroid
Declension
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) asteroid | asteroidul | (niște) asteroizi | asteroizii |
genitive/dative | (unui) asteroid | asteroidului | (unor) asteroizi | asteroizilor |
vocative | asteroidule | asteroizilor |
Further reading
- asteroid in DEX online - Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /asterǒiːd/
Noun
asteròīd m (Cyrillic spelling астеро̀ӣд)
- asteroid
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | asteròīd | asteroidi |
genitive | asteroída | asteroida |
dative | asteroidu | asteroidima |
accusative | asteroid | asteroide |
vocative | asteroide | asteroidi |
locative | asteroidu | asteroidima |
instrumental | asteroidom | asteroidima |
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /astɛrɔíːt/
Noun
asteroȋd m inan
- asteroid
Inflection
Masculine inan., hard o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | asteroȋd | ||
gen. sing. | asteroȋda | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) | asteroȋd | asteroȋda | asteroȋdi |
genitive (rodȋlnik) | asteroȋda | asteroȋdov | asteroȋdov |
dative (dajȃlnik) | asteroȋdu | asteroȋdoma | asteroȋdom |
accusative (tožȋlnik) | asteroȋd | asteroȋda | asteroȋde |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) | asteroȋdu | asteroȋdih | asteroȋdih |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) | asteroȋdom | asteroȋdoma | asteroȋdi |
Further reading
- “asteroid”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Swedish
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -iːd
Noun
asteroid c
- asteroid
Declension
Declension of asteroid | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | asteroid | asteroiden | asteroider | asteroiderna |
Genitive | asteroids | asteroidens | asteroiders | asteroidernas |