sperno
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *sperH-. Compare Latin spurius, parcus, spargō, spurcus, Ancient Greek σπείρω (speírō), English spurn, spread, spare.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsper.noː/, [ˈspɛr.noː]
Verb
spernō (present infinitive spernere, perfect active sprēvī, supine sprētum); third conjugation
- I sever, separate, remove
- I despise, reject, scorn, spurn
Inflection
| Conjugation of sperno (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | spernō | spernis | spernit | spernimus | spernitis | spernunt |
| imperfect | spernēbam | spernēbās | spernēbat | spernēbāmus | spernēbātis | spernēbant | |
| future | spernam | spernēs | spernet | spernēmus | spernētis | spernent | |
| perfect | sprēvī | sprēvistī | sprēvit | sprēvimus | sprēvistis | sprēvērunt, sprēvēre | |
| pluperfect | sprēveram | sprēverās | sprēverat | sprēverāmus | sprēverātis | sprēverant | |
| future perfect | sprēverō | sprēveris | sprēverit | sprēverimus | sprēveritis | sprēverint | |
| passive | present | spernor | sperneris, spernere | spernitur | spernimur | sperniminī | spernuntur |
| imperfect | spernēbar | spernēbāris, spernēbāre | spernēbātur | spernēbāmur | spernēbāminī | spernēbantur | |
| future | spernar | spernēris, spernēre | spernētur | spernēmur | spernēminī | spernentur | |
| perfect | sprētus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | sprētus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | sprētus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | spernam | spernās | spernat | spernāmus | spernātis | spernant |
| imperfect | spernerem | spernerēs | sperneret | spernerēmus | spernerētis | spernerent | |
| perfect | sprēverim | sprēverīs | sprēverit | sprēverimus | sprēveritis | sprēverint | |
| pluperfect | sprēvissem | sprēvissēs | sprēvisset | sprēvissēmus | sprēvissētis | sprēvissent | |
| passive | present | spernar | spernāris, spernāre | spernātur | spernāmur | spernāminī | spernantur |
| imperfect | spernerer | spernerēris, spernerēre | spernerētur | spernerēmur | spernerēminī | spernerentur | |
| perfect | sprētus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | sprētus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | sperne | — | — | spernite | — |
| future | — | spernitō | spernitō | — | spernitōte | spernuntō | |
| passive | present | — | spernere | — | — | sperniminī | — |
| future | — | spernitor | spernitor | — | — | spernuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | spernere | sprēvisse | sprētūrus esse | spernī | sprētus esse | sprētum īrī | |
| participles | spernēns | — | sprētūrus | — | sprētus | spernendus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| nominative | genitive | dative/ablative | accusative | accusative | ablative | ||
| spernere | spernendī | spernendō | spernendum | sprētum | sprētū | ||
References
- sperno in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- sperno in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- sperno in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette