sourdiner
French
Etymology
sourdine (“mute”) + -er (verbal infinitive suffix)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /suʁ.di.ne/
Audio (file)
Verb
sourdiner
- (engineering) to stop the vibrations of a power line support [since 20th c.]
Conjugation
Conjugation of sourdiner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | sourdiner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | sourdinant /suʁ.di.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | sourdiné /suʁ.di.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | sourdine /suʁ.din/ | sourdines /suʁ.din/ | sourdine /suʁ.din/ | sourdinons /suʁ.di.nɔ̃/ | sourdinez /suʁ.di.ne/ | sourdinent /suʁ.din/ |
| imperfect | sourdinais /suʁ.di.nɛ/ | sourdinais /suʁ.di.nɛ/ | sourdinait /suʁ.di.nɛ/ | sourdinions /suʁ.di.njɔ̃/ | sourdiniez /suʁ.di.nje/ | sourdinaient /suʁ.di.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | sourdinai /suʁ.di.ne/ | sourdinas /suʁ.di.na/ | sourdina /suʁ.di.na/ | sourdinâmes /suʁ.di.nam/ | sourdinâtes /suʁ.di.nat/ | sourdinèrent /suʁ.di.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | sourdinerai /suʁ.din.ʁe/ | sourdineras /suʁ.din.ʁa/ | sourdinera /suʁ.din.ʁa/ | sourdinerons /suʁ.din.ʁɔ̃/ | sourdinerez /suʁ.din.ʁe/ | sourdineront /suʁ.din.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | sourdinerais /suʁ.din.ʁɛ/ | sourdinerais /suʁ.din.ʁɛ/ | sourdinerait /suʁ.din.ʁɛ/ | sourdinerions /suʁ.di.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ | sourdineriez /suʁ.di.nə.ʁje/ | sourdineraient /suʁ.din.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | sourdine /suʁ.din/ | sourdines /suʁ.din/ | sourdine /suʁ.din/ | sourdinions /suʁ.di.njɔ̃/ | sourdiniez /suʁ.di.nje/ | sourdinent /suʁ.din/ |
| imperfect2 | sourdinasse /suʁ.di.nas/ | sourdinasses /suʁ.di.nas/ | sourdinât /suʁ.di.na/ | sourdinassions /suʁ.di.na.sjɔ̃/ | sourdinassiez /suʁ.di.na.sje/ | sourdinassent /suʁ.di.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | sourdine /suʁ.din/ | — | sourdinons /suʁ.di.nɔ̃/ | sourdinez /suʁ.di.ne/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “sourdiner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.