sot
Translingual
Symbol
sot
- (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Sotho.
English
Etymology
From Middle English sot, from Old English sot, sott (“foolish, stupid”), from Medieval Latin sottus (“foolish”), of obscure origin and relation. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to French zut! (“damn it!”).[1][2]
Compare Middle Low German sot (“insane, foolish, stupid”), Middle Dutch sot ("foolish, absurd, stupid"; > modern Dutch zot (“silly”)), French sot (“stupid, foolish, goofy”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sɒt/
- Rhymes: -ɒt
- Homophone: sought (in accents with the cot-caught merger)
Audio (UK) (file)
Noun
sot (plural sots)
- (archaic) stupid person; fool
- 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene ii]:
- Remember
First to possess his books; for without them
He's but a sot, as I am […]
- c. 1670-1680, John Oldham, The Eighth Satire of Monsieur Boileau, imitated
- In Egypt oft has seen the Sot bow down,
And reverence some deified Baboon.
- In Egypt oft has seen the Sot bow down,
-
- drunkard
- 1684, Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon, Essay on Translated Verse
- Every sign
That calls the staring sots to nasty wine.
- Every sign
- April 21, 1864, John Ruskin, "Traffic", Unto This Last and Other Writings, New York: Penguin (1997), p. 235
- Take a picture by Teniers, of sots quarrelling over their dice; it is an entirely clever picture; so clever that nothing in its kind has ever been done equal to it; but it is also an entirely base and evil picture.
- 1684, Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon, Essay on Translated Verse
Synonyms
- (stupid person): See also Thesaurus:idiot (intelligence) or Thesaurus:fool (wisdom)
- (drunkard): alcoholic, souse, suck-pint; See also Thesaurus:drunkard
Derived terms
- sottish
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Verb
sot (third-person singular simple present sots, present participle sotting, simple past and past participle sotted)
- To drink until one becomes drunk
- To stupefy; to infatuate; to besot.
- 1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 6484883, (please specify the page number):
- I hate to see a brave, bold fellow sotted.
-
Derived terms
- besot
- sotted
- sot-weed
Translations
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References
- Metzler, I. (2015). Fools and Idiots? Intellectual Disability in the Middle Ages. United States: Manchester University Press.
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “zot”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Anagrams
- OST, OTS, OTs, TOS, TOs, TSO, Tso, ost
Albanian
Alternative forms
- sod (Gheg)[1]
- σὸτ (Arvanitic)[2]
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *tˢjādīti, from a Pre-Albanian (post-Proto-Indo-European) *ḱyeh₂ dh₂itéy dative-locative compound, literally "this day". Same type of construction as sonte, sivjet. See also ditë, which is related to the second component.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [sot]
Adverb
sot
- today
Derived terms
- sotmë, sormë
Related terms
- sonte
- sivjet
- ditë
References
- Fialuur i voghel Sccyp e ltinisct (Small Dictionary of Albanian and Latin), page 142, by P. Jak Junkut, 1895, Sckoder
- Λεξικόν της Ρωμαϊκοις και Αρβανητηκής Απλής (Lexicon of the simple Romaic and Arbanitic language), page 89, by Markos Botsaris
Catalan
Etymology
From a pre-Roman substrate of Iberia root *(t)sott-.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central, Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈsɔt/
- Rhymes: -ɔt
Noun
sot m (plural sots)
- hollow
- pit, hole
- grave
Derived terms
- ensotar
- sotal
Further reading
- “sot” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “sot” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Dalmatian
Etymology
From Latin exsūctus (compare Italian asciutto, Venetian suto, Friulian sut, Spanish enjuto, Portuguese enxuto) or Latin suctus (compare Romanian supt).
Adjective
sot
- dry
Danish
Etymology
From Old Norse sótt, from Proto-Germanic *suhtiz, cognate with Norwegian sott, Swedish sot (archaic), German Sucht. Derived from the verb *seukaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /soːˀt/, [ˈsoˀd̥]
Noun
sot c (singular definite soten, plural indefinite soter)
- (dated) disease
Synonyms
- sygdom
Derived terms
- blegsot
- farsot
- gulsot
- ildsot
- sotteseng
- svindsot
- vattersot
Further reading
- “sot” in Den Danske Ordbog
Faliscan
Etymology
Cognate with Latin sunt.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsoːt/
Verb
sōt
- third-person plural present active indicative of esu
French
Etymology
From Middle French sot, from Old French soz, from Medieval Latin sottus (“foolish”), of uncertain ultimate origin. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to modern zut! (“damn it!”). This Latin word was borrowed into Germanic languages such as Dutch zot, Old English sott (modern English sot).[1][2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /so/
audio (file) - Homophones: saut, sauts, sceau, sceaux, seau, seaux, sots
- (older, now chiefly Belgium) IPA(key): /sɔ/
- Homophone: sots
Adjective
sot (feminine sotte, masculine plural sots, feminine plural sottes)
- silly, foolish, stupid
Derived terms
- il n'y a pas de sot métier
Noun
sot m (plural sots, feminine sotte)
- imbecile, fool
Derived terms
- sottise
References
- Metzler, I. (2015). Fools and Idiots? Intellectual Disability in the Middle Ages. United States: Manchester University Press.
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “zot”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Further reading
- “sot”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Friulian
Etymology
From Latin subtus, which is derived from Latin sub. Cognate to Ladin sot, Romansch sut, suot, Venetian sóto, Italian sotto, French sous, Romanian sub, supt.
Preposition
sot
- under, beneath, underneath
- below, south of
Adverb
sot
- down
- underneath
- below
Derived terms
- disot
Ladin
Etymology
From Latin subtus.
Adverb
sot
- under, beneath
- below
Luxembourgish
Verb
sot
- inflection of soen:
- second-person plural present/preterite indicative
- first/third-person singular preterite indicative
- second-person plural imperative
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English sot, sott, from Medieval Latin sottus, reinforced by Old French sot (“idiotic”), of obscure origin. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to modern French zut! (“damn it!”).[1][2]
Alternative forms
- sotte, sote, sott, soth
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sɔt/, /sɔːt/
Noun
sot (plural sottes or (Early ME) sotten)
- One who lacks wisdom, knowledge, or intelligence; a stupid person.
- A villainous or dishonest individual; a rogue or scoundrel.
- (derogatory) Used as a general-purpose insult.
Derived terms
- sotie
- sotliche
- sotschipe
- sotten
Descendants
- English: sot
- Scots: sot
References
- “sot, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-06-14.
Adjective
sot (plural and weak singular sotte)
- idiotic, unwise
References
- “sot, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-06-14.
- Metzler, I. (2015). Fools and Idiots? Intellectual Disability in the Middle Ages. United States: Manchester University Press.
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “zot”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Etymology 2
From Old English sōt.
Noun
sot
- Alternative form of soot (“soot”)
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Old Norse sót, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą.
Noun
sot f or m (definite singular sota or soten, uncountable)
sot n (definite singular sotet, uncountable)
- soot
References
- “sot” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
- “sot” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse sót, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą.
Noun
sot f or n (definite singular sota or sotet, uncountable)
- soot
References
- “sot” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *sōtą, from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /soːt/
Noun
sōt n
- soot
Declension
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | sōt | sōt |
accusative | sōt | sōt |
genitive | sōtes | sōta |
dative | sōte | sōtum |
Descendants
- Middle English: soot, soeth, sood, soote, sot, sote, soth, soyte, suotte; sude, sute
- English: soot
- Scots: suit, sute
- Yola: zoot
Old Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse sótt, from Proto-Germanic *suhtiz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /soːt/
Noun
sōt f
- sickness
Declension
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | sōt | sōttin | sōtti(r), -e(r) | sōttina(r), -ena(r) |
accusative | sōt | sōttina, -ena | sōtti(r), -e(r) | sōttina(r), -ena(r) |
dative | sōt | sōttinni, -inne | sōttum, -om | sōttumin, -omen |
genitive | sōtta(r) | sōttinna(r) | sōtta | sōttanna |
Descendants
- Swedish: sot
References
- sot in Knut Fredrik Söderwall, Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket, del 2:1: M-T
Scots
Adverb
sot
- so (to contradict a negative clause)
- 1897, J. Mackinnon, Braefoot Sketches:
- “I wisna a grain feart.” “Ye wis sot. Ye ran like the rest o's.”
- “I wasn't scared at all.” “You was so. You ran like the rest of us.”
-
References
- “sot” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Swedish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /suːt/
Audio (file)
Etymology 1
From Old Swedish sōt, from Old Norse sót, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą.
Noun
sot n
- soot
Declension
Declension of sot | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Uncountable | ||||
Indefinite | Definite | |||
Nominative | sot | sotet | — | — |
Genitive | sots | sotets | — | — |
Related terms
- sota
- sotare
Etymology 2
From Old Swedish sōt, from Old Norse sótt, from Proto-Germanic *suhtiz.
Noun
sot c
- (archaic) disease, sickness
Declension
Declension of sot | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | sot | soten | soter | soterna |
Genitive | sots | sotens | soters | soternas |
Derived terms
- bleksot
- blodsot
- fallandesot
- farsot
- fettsot
- guldsot
- gulsot
- lungsot
- rödsot
- tvinsot
- utsot
- vattusot
References
- 1. sot in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
- 2. sot in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
Anagrams
- ost, ots, sto
Volapük
Noun
sot (nominative plural sots)
- a sort
- a kind
- a type
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | sot | sots |
genitive | sota | sotas |
dative | sote | sotes |
accusative | soti | sotis |
vocative 1 | o sot! | o sots! |
predicative 2 | sotu | sotus |
- 1 status as a case is disputed
- 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only
Synonyms
- bid
Zoogocho Zapotec
Etymology
Borrowed from Spanish azote, from Arabic السَوْط (as-sawṭ, “the whip”).
Noun
sot
- whip
- whipping, beating
Derived terms
- chgoꞌo sot
References
- Long C., Rebecca; Cruz M., Sofronio (2000) Diccionario zapoteco de San Bartolomé Zoogocho, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 38) (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Coyoacán, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 273