sostenir
Catalan
Alternative forms
- sostindre
Etymology
From Old Catalan sostenir, from Latin sustinēre, with a change in verb class. Compare Occitan sostenir, French soutenir.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /sos.təˈni/
- (Central) IPA(key): /sus.təˈni/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /sos.teˈniɾ/
Verb
sostenir (first-person singular present sostinc, past participle sostingut)
- (transitive) to sustain, bear, hold up
- (transitive) to defend, uphold
- (transitive, figuratively) to support, back up
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to stand up
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, figuratively) to remain
Conjugation
Conjugation of sostenir (second conjugation with velar infix, type tenir)
infinitive | sostenir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | sostenint | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | sostingut | sostinguda | |||||
plural | sostinguts | sostingudes | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
present | sostinc | sostens | sosté | sostenim | sosteniu | sostenen | |
imperfect | sostenia | sostenies | sostenia | sosteníem | sosteníeu | sostenien | |
future | sostindré | sostindràs | sostindrà | sostindrem | sostindreu | sostindran | |
preterite | sostinguí | sostingueres | sostingué | sostinguérem | sostinguéreu | sostingueren | |
conditional | sostindria | sostindries | sostindria | sostindríem | sostindríeu | sostindrien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
present | sostingui | sostinguis | sostingui | sostinguem | sostingueu | sostinguin | |
imperfect | sostingués | sostinguessis | sostingués | sostinguéssim | sostinguéssiu | sostinguessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
— | sosté | sostingui | sostinguem | sosteniu | sostinguin |
Derived terms
- sostenible
- sostenidor
- sosteniment
- sostenint
Related terms
- tenir
References
- “sostenir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Old French
Verb
sostenir
- Alternative form of soustenir
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem sostien distinct from the unstressed stem sosten, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of sostenir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | sostenir | avoir sostenu | |||||
gerund | en sostenant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | sostenant | ||||||
past participle | sostenu | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses | present | sostieng, sostien | sostiens | sostient | sostenons | sostenez | sostienent |
imperfect | sostenoie, sosteneie | sostenoies, sosteneies | sostenoit, sosteneit | sosteniiens, sosteniens | sosteniiez, sosteniez | sostenoient, sosteneient | |
preterite | sostin | sostenis | sostint | sostenimes | sostenistes | sostindrent, sostinrent | |
future | sostendrai | sostendras | sostendra | sostendrons | sostendroiz, sostendreiz, sostendrez | sostendront | |
conditional | sostendroie, sostendreie | sostendroies, sostendreies | sostendroit, sostendreit | sostendriiens, sostendriens | sostendriiez, sostendriez | sostendroient, sostendreient | |
compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses | present | sostiegne | sostiegnes | sostiegne | sostiegniens, sostiegnons | sostiegniez | sostiegnent |
imperfect | sostenisse | sostenisses | sostenist | sostenissons, sostenissiens | sostenissoiz, sostenissez, sostenissiez | sostenissent | |
compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | sostien | — | sostenons | sostenez | — |