sostener
Asturian
Etymology
Inherited from Latin sustinēre.
Verb
sostener
- to hold (to grasp)
- to sustain
Conjugation
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Latin sustinēre.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sosteˈneɾ/ [sos.t̪eˈneɾ]
Audio (Spain) (file) - Rhymes: -eɾ
- Syllabification: sos‧te‧ner
Verb
sostener (first-person singular present sostengo, first-person singular preterite sostuve, past participle sostenido)
- to hold, to hold up, to prop up, to sustain, to underpin (physically)
- to sustain, to support, to keep (i.e. to give continuity to)
- to support, to uphold, to hold, to sustain, to contend, to maintain, to argue, to claim, to underpin, to defend
Conjugation
Conjugation of sostener (irregular; e-ie alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive | sostener | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | sosteniendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | sostenido | sostenida | |||||
plural | sostenidos | sostenidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | sostengo | sostienestú sostenésvos | sostiene | sostenemos | sostenéis | sostienen | |
imperfect | sostenía | sostenías | sostenía | sosteníamos | sosteníais | sostenían | |
preterite | sostuve | sostuviste | sostuvo | sostuvimos | sostuvisteis | sostuvieron | |
future | sostendré | sostendrás | sostendrá | sostendremos | sostendréis | sostendrán | |
conditional | sostendría | sostendrías | sostendría | sostendríamos | sostendríais | sostendrían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | sostenga | sostengastú sostengásvos2 | sostenga | sostengamos | sostengáis | sostengan | |
imperfect (ra) | sostuviera | sostuvieras | sostuviera | sostuviéramos | sostuvierais | sostuvieran | |
imperfect (se) | sostuviese | sostuvieses | sostuviese | sostuviésemos | sostuvieseis | sostuviesen | |
future1 | sostuviere | sostuvieres | sostuviere | sostuviéremos | sostuviereis | sostuvieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
affirmative | sosténtú sostenévos | sostenga | sostengamos | sostened | sostengan | ||
negative | no sostengas | no sostenga | no sostengamos | no sostengáis | no sostengan |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of sostener (irregular; e-ie alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive sostener | |||||||
dative | sostenerme | sostenerte | sostenerle, sostenerse | sostenernos | sosteneros | sostenerles, sostenerse | |
accusative | sostenerme | sostenerte | sostenerlo, sostenerla, sostenerse | sostenernos | sosteneros | sostenerlos, sostenerlas, sostenerse | |
with gerund sosteniendo | |||||||
dative | sosteniéndome | sosteniéndote | sosteniéndole, sosteniéndose | sosteniéndonos | sosteniéndoos | sosteniéndoles, sosteniéndose | |
accusative | sosteniéndome | sosteniéndote | sosteniéndolo, sosteniéndola, sosteniéndose | sosteniéndonos | sosteniéndoos | sosteniéndolos, sosteniéndolas, sosteniéndose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative sostén | |||||||
dative | sostenme | sostente | sostenle | sostennos | not used | sostenles | |
accusative | sostenme | sostente | sostenlo, sostenla | sostennos | not used | sostenlos, sostenlas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative sostené | |||||||
dative | sosteneme | sostenete | sostenele | sostenenos | not used | sosteneles | |
accusative | sosteneme | sostenete | sostenelo, sostenela | sostenenos | not used | sostenelos, sostenelas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative sostenga | |||||||
dative | sosténgame | not used | sosténgale, sosténgase | sosténganos | not used | sosténgales | |
accusative | sosténgame | not used | sosténgalo, sosténgala, sosténgase | sosténganos | not used | sosténgalos, sosténgalas | |
with first-person plural imperative sostengamos | |||||||
dative | not used | sostengámoste | sostengámosle | sostengámonos | sostengámoos | sostengámosles | |
accusative | not used | sostengámoste | sostengámoslo, sostengámosla | sostengámonos | sostengámoos | sostengámoslos, sostengámoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative sostened | |||||||
dative | sostenedme | not used | sostenedle | sostenednos | sosteneos | sostenedles | |
accusative | sostenedme | not used | sostenedlo, sostenedla | sostenednos | sosteneos | sostenedlos, sostenedlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative sostengan | |||||||
dative | sosténganme | not used | sosténganle | sosténgannos | not used | sosténganles, sosténganse | |
accusative | sosténganme | not used | sosténganlo, sosténganla | sosténgannos | not used | sosténganlos, sosténganlas, sosténganse |
Derived terms
- sostenedor
- sostenible
- sostenido
- sostenimiento
Related terms
- sostén
- sustentar
Further reading
- “sostener”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014