sopio
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *swep- (“to sleep”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsoː.pi.oː/, [ˈs̠oːpioː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈso.pi.o/, [ˈsɔːpio]
Verb
sōpiō (present infinitive sōpīre, perfect active sōpīvī or sōpiī, supine sōpītum); fourth conjugation
- (transitive) I deprive of feeling.
- (transitive) I lull to sleep, put to sleep.
- Synonym: sēdō
- (transitive) I render unconscious, knock out
- (figuratively, transitive) I kill.
- Synonyms: necō, obtruncō, caedō, interficiō, trucīdō, tollō, peragō, percutiō, interimō, perimō, iugulō, cōnficiō, occīdō, ēnecō, dēiciō, absūmō, cōnsūmō
- (figuratively, transitive) I quiet, calm, sooth.
- Synonyms: domō, lēniō, sēdō, dēlēniō, mītigō, plācō, restinguō, commītigō, compōnō, levō, ēlevō, allevō, alleviō, sileō, molliō
- Antonyms: sollicitō, excitō, īnstīgō, īnstinguō, efferō, exciō, perpellō, concieō, concitō, īnflammō, cieō, incendō
Conjugation
| Conjugation of sōpiō (fourth conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | sōpiō | sōpīs | sōpit | sōpīmus | sōpītis | sōpiunt |
| imperfect | sōpiēbam | sōpiēbās | sōpiēbat | sōpiēbāmus | sōpiēbātis | sōpiēbant | |
| future | sōpiam | sōpiēs | sōpiet | sōpiēmus | sōpiētis | sōpient | |
| perfect | sōpīvī, sōpiī | sōpīvistī, sōpiistī | sōpīvit, sōpiit | sōpīvimus, sōpiimus | sōpīvistis, sōpiistis | sōpīvērunt, sōpīvēre, sōpiērunt, sōpiēre | |
| pluperfect | sōpīveram, sōpieram | sōpīverās, sōpierās | sōpīverat, sōpierat | sōpīverāmus, sōpierāmus | sōpīverātis, sōpierātis | sōpīverant, sōpierant | |
| future perfect | sōpīverō, sōpierō | sōpīveris, sōpieris | sōpīverit, sōpierit | sōpīverimus, sōpierimus | sōpīveritis, sōpieritis | sōpīverint, sōpierint | |
| passive | present | sōpior | sōpīris, sōpīre | sōpītur | sōpīmur | sōpīminī | sōpiuntur |
| imperfect | sōpiēbar | sōpiēbāris, sōpiēbāre | sōpiēbātur | sōpiēbāmur | sōpiēbāminī | sōpiēbantur | |
| future | sōpiar | sōpiēris, sōpiēre | sōpiētur | sōpiēmur | sōpiēminī | sōpientur | |
| perfect | sōpītus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | sōpītus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | sōpītus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | sōpiam | sōpiās | sōpiat | sōpiāmus | sōpiātis | sōpiant |
| imperfect | sōpīrem | sōpīrēs | sōpīret | sōpīrēmus | sōpīrētis | sōpīrent | |
| perfect | sōpīverim, sōpierim | sōpīverīs, sōpierīs | sōpīverit, sōpierit | sōpīverīmus, sōpierīmus | sōpīverītis, sōpierītis | sōpīverint, sōpierint | |
| pluperfect | sōpīvissem, sōpiissem | sōpīvissēs, sōpiissēs | sōpīvisset, sōpiisset | sōpīvissēmus, sōpiissēmus | sōpīvissētis, sōpiissētis | sōpīvissent, sōpiissent | |
| passive | present | sōpiar | sōpiāris, sōpiāre | sōpiātur | sōpiāmur | sōpiāminī | sōpiantur |
| imperfect | sōpīrer | sōpīrēris, sōpīrēre | sōpīrētur | sōpīrēmur | sōpīrēminī | sōpīrentur | |
| perfect | sōpītus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | sōpītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | sōpī | — | — | sōpīte | — |
| future | — | sōpītō | sōpītō | — | sōpītōte | sōpiuntō | |
| passive | present | — | sōpīre | — | — | sōpīminī | — |
| future | — | sōpītor | sōpītor | — | — | sōpiuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | sōpīre | sōpīvisse, sōpiisse | sōpītūrum esse | sōpīrī | sōpītum esse | sōpītum īrī | |
| participles | sōpiēns | — | sōpītūrus | — | sōpītus | sōpiendus, sōpiundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| sōpiendī | sōpiendō | sōpiendum | sōpiendō | sōpītum | sōpītū | ||
Derived terms
- consōpiō
- resōpiō
Related terms
- somnus
- sopor
Descendants
- → Italian: sopire (learned)
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *assōpīre
- Catalan: ensopir
- French: assouvir, assoupir
- → Italian: assopire
Noun
sōpiō m (genitive sōpiōnis); third declension
- A drawing of a man with a prominent penis
- Catullus 37
- Frontem tabernae sopionibus scribam
- I will draw pictures of penises on the front of the tavern.
- Anonymous graffito in Pompeii
- Ut merdas edatis, qui scripseras sopionis
- You who have drawn pictures of penises, eat shit!
- Catullus 37
Declension
Third-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | sōpiō | sōpiōnēs |
| Genitive | sōpiōnis | sōpiōnum |
| Dative | sōpiōnī | sōpiōnibus |
| Accusative | sōpiōnem | sōpiōnēs |
| Ablative | sōpiōne | sōpiōnibus |
| Vocative | sōpiō | sōpiōnēs |
References
- “sopio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “sopio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- sopio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- S. A. Handford & Mary Herberg (2003), Latin-English : English-Latin Dictionary (Berlin: Langenscheidt)
- sopio in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication