sondar
Catalan
Etymology
sonda + -ar
Pronunciation
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /sonˈda/
- (Central) IPA(key): /sunˈda/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /sonˈdaɾ/
Verb
sondar (first-person singular present sondo, past participle sondat)
- (transitive, nautical) to sound, to take soundings of
- (transitive, figurative) to sound out (determine a person's intent or preference)
Conjugation
Conjugation of sondar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | sondar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | sondant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | sondat | sondada | |||||
| plural | sondats | sondades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | sondo | sondes | sonda | sondem | sondeu | sonden | |
| imperfect | sondava | sondaves | sondava | sondàvem | sondàveu | sondaven | |
| future | sondaré | sondaràs | sondarà | sondarem | sondareu | sondaran | |
| preterite | sondí | sondares | sondà | sondàrem | sondàreu | sondaren | |
| conditional | sondaria | sondaries | sondaria | sondaríem | sondaríeu | sondarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | sondi | sondis | sondi | sondem | sondeu | sondin | |
| imperfect | sondés | sondessis | sondés | sondéssim | sondéssiu | sondessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | sonda | sondi | sondem | sondeu | sondin | ||
Derived terms
- sondable
- sondatge
- sondejar
Further reading
- “sondar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Ido
Etymology
Borrowing from English sound, French sonder, German sondieren, Italian sondare, Russian зонди́ровать (zondírovatʹ) and Spanish sondear.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sɔnˈdar/
Verb
sondar (present tense sondas, past tense sondis, future tense sondos, imperative sondez, conditional sondus)
- (intransitive) to take soundings in
- (transitive, intransitive, general) to sound: ascertain the depth of, explore the nature of the bottom
- (transitive, general) to fathom
- (transitive, figuratively) to try, test
- (intransitive, medicine) to probe (with a probe), to sound (with a sound)
- (intransitive, mining) to make a boring
Conjugation
Conjugation of sondar
 | present | past | future | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | sondar | sondir | sondor | ||||
| tense | sondas | sondis | sondos | ||||
| conditional | sondus | ||||||
| imperative | sondez | ||||||
| adjective active participle | sondanta | sondinta | sondonta | ||||
| adverbial active participle | sondante | sondinte | sondonte | ||||
| nominal active participle | singular | sondanto | sondinto | sondonto | |||
| plural | sondanti | sondinti | sondonti | ||||
| adjective passive participle | sondata | sondita | sondota | ||||
| adverbial passive participle | sondate | sondite | sondote | ||||
| nominal passive participle | singular | sondato | sondito | sondoto | |||
| plural | sondati | sonditi | sondoti | ||||
Derived terms
- sondilo (“soundingn line, soundingn lead; probe; sound”)
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
sondar m
- indefinite plural of sonde
Portuguese
Etymology
From sonda + -ar.
Verb
sondar (first-person singular present sondo, first-person singular preterite sondei, past participle sondado)
- to investigate inconspicuously
- to probe (to insert a probe into)
- to fathom (to measure the depth of a body of water)
Conjugation
Conjugation of sondar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | sondar | |||||
| Personal | sondar | sondares | sondar | sondarmos | sondardes | sondarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| sondando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | sondado | sondados | ||||
| Feminine | sondada | sondadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | sondo | sondas | sonda | sondamos | sondais | sondam |
| Imperfect | sondava | sondavas | sondava | sondávamos | sondáveis | sondavam |
| Preterite | sondei | sondaste | sondou | sondamos1, sondámos2 | sondastes | sondaram |
| Pluperfect | sondara | sondaras | sondara | sondáramos | sondáreis | sondaram |
| Future | sondarei | sondarás | sondará | sondaremos | sondareis | sondarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| sondaria | sondarias | sondaria | sondaríamos | sondaríeis | sondariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | sonde | sondes | sonde | sondemos | sondeis | sondem |
| Imperfect | sondasse | sondasses | sondasse | sondássemos | sondásseis | sondassem |
| Future | sondar | sondares | sondar | sondarmos | sondardes | sondarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | sonda | sonde | sondemos | sondai | sondem | |
| Negative (não) | não sondes | não sonde | não sondemos | não sondeis | não sondem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Derived terms
- sonda
References
- sondar, Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa com Acordo Ortográfico
Spanish
Etymology
From French sonder, from Old French sonder, from sonde (“sounding line”), extracted from Old English sundline (“sounding line”), from sund (“water, sea, swimming, sound (channel)”) from Proto-Germanic *sundą (“swimming; sound”), cognate with English swim. An alternative theory derives it from a hypothetical Vulgar Latin *subundāre, from Latin sub- + undō (“to surge, to swell”), from unda (“wave”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sonˈdaɾ/ [sõn̪ˈd̪aɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: son‧dar
Verb
sondar (first-person singular present sondo, first-person singular preterite sondé, past participle sondado)
- to sound (to probe the depth of water with a weighted rope or similar)
- (transitive) to catheterize
Conjugation
Conjugation of sondar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | sondar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | sondando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | sondado | sondada | |||||
| plural | sondados | sondadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | sondo | sondastú sondásvos | sonda | sondamos | sondáis | sondan | |
| imperfect | sondaba | sondabas | sondaba | sondábamos | sondabais | sondaban | |
| preterite | sondé | sondaste | sondó | sondamos | sondasteis | sondaron | |
| future | sondaré | sondarás | sondará | sondaremos | sondaréis | sondarán | |
| conditional | sondaría | sondarías | sondaría | sondaríamos | sondaríais | sondarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | sonde | sondestú sondésvos2 | sonde | sondemos | sondéis | sonden | |
| imperfect (ra) | sondara | sondaras | sondara | sondáramos | sondarais | sondaran | |
| imperfect (se) | sondase | sondases | sondase | sondásemos | sondaseis | sondasen | |
| future1 | sondare | sondares | sondare | sondáremos | sondareis | sondaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | sondatú sondávos | sonde | sondemos | sondad | sonden | ||
| negative | no sondes | no sonde | no sondemos | no sondéis | no sonden | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of sondar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive sondar | |||||||
| dative | sondarme | sondarte | sondarle, sondarse | sondarnos | sondaros | sondarles, sondarse | |
| accusative | sondarme | sondarte | sondarlo, sondarla, sondarse | sondarnos | sondaros | sondarlos, sondarlas, sondarse | |
| with gerund sondando | |||||||
| dative | sondándome | sondándote | sondándole, sondándose | sondándonos | sondándoos | sondándoles, sondándose | |
| accusative | sondándome | sondándote | sondándolo, sondándola, sondándose | sondándonos | sondándoos | sondándolos, sondándolas, sondándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative sonda | |||||||
| dative | sóndame | sóndate | sóndale | sóndanos | not used | sóndales | |
| accusative | sóndame | sóndate | sóndalo, sóndala | sóndanos | not used | sóndalos, sóndalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative sondá | |||||||
| dative | sondame | sondate | sondale | sondanos | not used | sondales | |
| accusative | sondame | sondate | sondalo, sondala | sondanos | not used | sondalos, sondalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative sonde | |||||||
| dative | sóndeme | not used | sóndele, sóndese | sóndenos | not used | sóndeles | |
| accusative | sóndeme | not used | sóndelo, sóndela, sóndese | sóndenos | not used | sóndelos, sóndelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative sondemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | sondémoste | sondémosle | sondémonos | sondémoos | sondémosles | |
| accusative | not used | sondémoste | sondémoslo, sondémosla | sondémonos | sondémoos | sondémoslos, sondémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative sondad | |||||||
| dative | sondadme | not used | sondadle | sondadnos | sondaos | sondadles | |
| accusative | sondadme | not used | sondadlo, sondadla | sondadnos | sondaos | sondadlos, sondadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative sonden | |||||||
| dative | sóndenme | not used | sóndenle | sóndennos | not used | sóndenles, sóndense | |
| accusative | sóndenme | not used | sóndenlo, sóndenla | sóndennos | not used | sóndenlos, sóndenlas, sóndense | |
Related terms
- sondaje
Further reading
- “sondar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014