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单词 slag
释义

slag

See also: šlag

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German slagge, slaggen (“slag, dross”), from Old Saxon *slaggo, from Proto-West Germanic *slaggō, from Proto-Germanic *slaggô, from Proto-Germanic *slagōną (“to strike”) + *-gô (diminutive suffix). Compare Middle Low German slāgen (“to strike”), since originally the splinters struck off from the metal by hammering, from *slagōn, from Proto-West Germanic *slagōn. Compare also Old Saxon slegi, from Proto-West Germanic *slagi.

See also Dutch slak, German Schlacke, Swedish slagg; also compare English slay.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /slæɡ/
  • Audio (AU)(file)
  • Rhymes: -æɡ

Noun

slag (countable and uncountable, plural slags)

  1. Waste material from a mine.
    • 2011, Vivienne Dockerty, A Woman Undefeated, page 54,
      After the big village, the scenery had returned to grass and woodland, but this had now given way to ugly mounds of discarded slag. Beyond the slag was a colliery with its machinery and smoking chimney, making the whole area look grim and austere.
  2. Scum that forms on the surface of molten metal.
    • 2006, Melisa W. Lai, Michele Burns Ewald, Chapter 95: Silver, Martin J. Wonsiewicz, Karen G. Edmonson, Peter J. Boyle (editors), Goldfrank′s Toxicologic Emergencies, 8th Edition, page 1358,
      In Asia Minor and on islands in the Aegean Sea, dumps of slag (scum formed by molten metal surface oxidation) demonstrate that silver was being separated from lead as early as 5000 BC.
    • 2009, John Hoerr, Monongahela Dusk, page 255,
      He leans out over the track and skims slag off the top of the boiling steel, risking what is called “catching a flyer,” which occurs when hot metal explodes out of the mold, spraying everyone in the vicinity.
  3. Impurities formed and separated out when a metal is smelted from ore; vitrified cinders.
    • 2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion‎:
      Buried within the Mediterranean littoral are some seventy to ninety million tons of slag from ancient smelting, about a third of it concentrated in Iberia. This ceaseless industrial fueling caused the deforestation of an estimated fifty to seventy million acres of woodlands.
    • 2008, Barbara S. Ottaway, Ben Roberts, The Emergence of Metalworking, Andrew Jones (editor), Prehistoric Europe: Theory and Practice, page 207,
      Consequently, mounds of large ‘cakes’ of slag are often found near the smelting sites of the Late Bronze Age, as for example at Ramsau in Austria (Doonan et al. 1996).
    Synonyms: dross, recrement, scoria
  4. Hard aggregate remaining as a residue from blast furnaces, sometimes used as a surfacing material.
    • 2006, Jan R. Prusinski, 44: Slag as a Cementitious Material, Joseph F. Lamond, James H. Pielert (editors), Significance of Tests and Properties of Concrete and Concrete-Making Materials, page 517,
      During blast furnace operations, the plant operator pays careful attention to the slag chemistry (both composition and variability) as slag behavior is a major consideration in ensuring the quality of hot metal (molten iron).
    • 2010, Yuri N. Toulouevski, Ilyaz Y. Zinurov, Innovation in Electric Arc Furnaces, Springer, page 16,
      All these properties are determined by slag composition and its temperature. In basic slags, foaming ability increases as SiO2 concentration grows.
  5. Scoria associated with a volcano.
  6. (UK, derogatory, dated) A coward.
  7. (UK, chiefly Cockney, derogatory) A contemptible person, a scumbag.
    • 1996, Sarah Kane, Phaedra′s Love, Scene 8, 2001, Sarah Kane: Complete Plays, page 100,
      Kill him. Kill the royal slag.
    • 2012, Danny Dyer, tweet, quoted by Alexis Petridis, "Danny Dyer: why them 9/11 slags are freaking his nut", The Guardian
      Can't believe it's been nearly 11 years since them slags smashed into the twin towers
  8. (slang, derogatory) A prostitute, or a woman who acts like one; a slut.
    • 1984, Tristan Jones, Heart of Oak, 1997, paperback edition, page 260,
      We never talked about that, of course; we talked about how we could find a woman in the Dilly, and if the Yanks had taken them all, how we could always resort to the peroxided older slags who hung out around the side doors to Waterloo station and did knee tremblers for the Yanks.
    • 2002, Josephine Cox, The Woman Who Left, 2012, ebook, unnumbered page,
      ‘Slag! Wait till I tell Jacob what we′ve been doing – and I will, you mark my words! He′ll want nowt to do with you then, will he, eh? He′ll see you for what you really are. A cheap and nasty little bitch!’
    • 2008, Ashley Lister, Swingers - Female Confidential, page 31,
      ‘ […] He was a lovely man but, when I told him I wanted to continue swinging, he freaked out and called me a slag.’
    • 2010, The Coast, Halifax, Canada, ,
      ‘ […] To the lady that came in to my coffee shop today and ripped on me and my fellow employees for being too slow: eat shit, you miserable slag!’
    • 2016 December 3, Millie B (lyrics and music), “Soph Aspin Send”, performed by Millie B:
      Soph, yeah, you can't murk me / You're a slag, riddled with STDs

Synonyms

  • (woman with loose sexual morals): see Thesaurus:promiscuous woman

Derived terms

  • slag-bag
  • slaggy
  • slag heap
  • slagless
  • slaglike
  • slag tag

Translations

See also

  • clinker

Verb

slag (third-person singular simple present slags, present participle slagging, simple past and past participle slagged)

  1. (transitive) To produce slag.
  2. (intransitive) To become slag; to agglomerate when heated below the fusion point.
  3. (transitive) To reduce to slag.
  4. (slang, transitive, sometimes with "off") To talk badly about; to malign or denigrate (someone).
    • 2010, Courtenay Young, Help Yourself Towards Mental Health, page 344:
      If you slag off the other person, then—to the extent that your child identifies with that person as their parent—you are slagging off a part of them.
    • 2011, John Davies, Slings and Arrows (page 109)
      Rather than wait for her to start slagging my mother, I would disappear for a couple of days and inevitably, because I was getting no love at home, I began to stray once again.
  5. (intransitive, Australia, slang) To spit.

Derived terms

  • slag about
  • slagging rag
  • slag off

Translations

References

  • slag in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
  • Douglas Harper (2001–2023), “slag”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Anagrams

  • GALS, Glas, LGAs, gals, lags

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse slag, slagr from Proto-Germanic *slagą, *slagiz, cognate with German Schlag.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /slaːˀɣ/, [ˈsl̥æˀj], [ˈsl̥æˀ], (in the sense “game” and some fixed expressions) IPA(key): /slaɣ/, [ˈsl̥ɑw]

Noun

slag n (singular definite slaget, plural indefinite slag)

  1. A hit, punch
  2. A beat
  3. A battle (between two armies or, metaphorically two competing parties)
  4. A game.

Derived terms

  • folkeslag
  • gennemslag
  • hjerteslag
  • indslag
  • isslag
  • landslag
  • luftslag
  • nedslag
  • opslag
  • slagkraft
  • slagmark
  • slagorden
  • slagplan
  • slags
  • slagskib
  • slagsmål
  • slagtilfælde
  • stenslag
  • søslag
  • tilbageslag
  • vingeslag

References

  • “slag” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch slach, from Old Dutch slag, from Proto-West Germanic *slagi, from Proto-Germanic *slagiz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /slɑx/
  • audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: slag
  • Rhymes: -ɑx

Noun

slag m (plural slagen, diminutive slagje n)

  1. A blow, knock, strike
  2. A stroke, limb movement; a style of movement, notably style of swimming
  3. A twist, turn
  4. A beat, pulsation
  5. A stroke, blow, hit, physical impact
  6. A count, occurrence; the striking of a clock
  7. A battle, violent confrontation
  8. (ball sports) A strike, hit
    Antonym: wijd
  9. A strike, fast move

Derived terms

  • aan de slag
  • aanslag
  • afslag
  • donderslag
  • inhaalslag
  • inslag
  • kaakslag
  • klokslag
  • neerslag
  • omsingelingsslag
  • omslagdoek
  • ontslag
  • rugslag
  • schoolslag
  • slaghout
  • slaginstrument
  • slagkracht
  • slagschip
  • slagvaardig
  • slagveld
  • toverslag
  • uitputtingsslag
  • veldslag
  • vinkenslag
  • vlinderslag
  • wisselslag
  • zeeslag
  • zweepslag

Descendants

  • Negerhollands: slaa

Noun

slag n (plural slagen, diminutive slagje n)

  1. A kind, type, sort.
  2. A parcel, plot, premise (stretch of land).

Anagrams

  • glas

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse slag, from Proto-Germanic *slagiz (“hit, blow”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /slɛaː/

Noun

slag n (genitive singular slags, plural sløg)

  1. A hit; punch.
  2. (medicine) A cardiac stroke.
  3. A battle between two armies, navies or air forces
  4. A kind; sort.
  5. (biology, taxonomy) A species.

Declension

Declension of slag
n6singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativeslagslagiðsløgsløgini
accusativeslagslagiðsløgsløgini
dativeslag, slagislagnum, slaginumsløgumsløgunum
genitiveslagsslagsinsslagaslaganna

Derived terms

  • berjaslag
  • dýraslag
  • eiturkoppaslag
  • fiskaslag
  • grønmetisslag
  • meyruslag
  • plantuslag
  • rótaslag
  • soppaslag
  • undirslag (“subspecies”)
  • flokkur (“class”)
  • fylki (“phylum”)
  • hópur (“order”)
  • ríki (“kingdom”)
  • slekt (“genus”)
  • ætt (“family”)

References

  • Lívfrøðilig frøðinevni (Jens-Kjeld Jensen & Marjun A. Simonsen) (nomenclature)
  • Øktur føroyskur frøðinevnalisti (Jens-Kjeld Jensen) (Extended List of Nomenclature)

Hungarian

Alternative forms

  • slág

Etymology

First attested in 1938. From German Schlauch, from Middle High German slūch (“slough, skin shed by a snake”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈʃlɒɡ]
  • Hyphenation: slag
  • Rhymes: -ɒɡ

Noun

slag (plural slagok)

  1. hose, tube (a flexible tube conveying water or other fluid)
    Synonyms: tömlő, öntözőcső

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singularplural
nominativeslagslagok
accusativeslagotslagokat
dativeslagnakslagoknak
instrumentalslaggalslagokkal
causal-finalslagértslagokért
translativeslaggáslagokká
terminativeslagigslagokig
essive-formalslagkéntslagokként
essive-modal——
inessiveslagbanslagokban
superessiveslagonslagokon
adessiveslagnálslagoknál
illativeslagbaslagokba
sublativeslagraslagokra
allativeslaghozslagokhoz
elativeslagbólslagokból
delativeslagrólslagokról
ablativeslagtólslagoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular		slagéslagoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural		slagéislagokéi
Possessive forms of slag
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.slagomslagjaim
2nd person sing.slagodslagjaid
3rd person sing.slagjaslagjai
1st person pluralslagunkslagjaink
2nd person pluralslagotokslagjaitok
3rd person pluralslagjukslagjaik

References

  1. slag in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN
  2. slag in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse slag, from Proto-Germanic *slagiz (“hit, blow”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /stlaːɣ/
  • Rhymes: -aːɣ

Noun

slag n (genitive singular slags, nominative plural slög)

  1. A beat, stroke, blow (an act of hitting, beating, striking).
  2. (music) A beat.

Declension

declension of slag
n-ssingularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativeslagslagiðslögslögin
accusativeslagslagiðslögslögin
dativeslagislaginuslögumslögunum
genitiveslagsslagsinsslagaslaganna

Derived terms

  • slegill

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse slag, and slagr (sense 4).

Noun

slag n (definite singular slaget, indefinite plural slag, definite plural slaga or slagene)

  1. A hit; punch.
  2. (medicine) A cardiac stroke.
  3. A battle between two armies, navies or air forces.
  4. A kind; sort.

Derived terms

Terms derived from slag

References

  • “slag” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /slɑːɡ/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse slag.

Noun

slag n (definite singular slaget, indefinite plural slag, definite plural slaga)

  1. a blow, a strike, a punch.
    Boksaren traff med eit hardt slag. ― The boxer landed a hard punch.
  2. a battle.
    Napoleon tapte slaget ved Waterloo. ― Napoleon lost the battle of Waterloo.
  3. (medicine) a stroke
    Tanta mi er på sjukehus etter å ha fått slag. ― My aunt is in hospital after having a stroke.
  4. (nautical) a bilge
Derived terms
  • gjennomslag
  • hjerneslag
  • innslag
  • nedslag
  • sjøslag
  • slagmark
  • slagskip
  • slagsmål
  • slagverk
  • tilbakeslag

Etymology 2

From Old Norse slagr.

Noun

slag n (definite singular slaget, indefinite plural slag, definite plural slaga)

  1. A type, a kind, a sort.
    Eg likar alle slag blomar. ― I like all kinds of flowers.
Derived terms
  • folkeslag
  • slags

References

  • “slag” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

  • lags

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse slag, from Proto-Germanic *slagiz (“hit, blow”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /slɑːɡ/
  • audio(file)

Noun

slag n

  1. A hit; punch.
  2. A hit of a ball by a bat or a racket.
  3. A battle between two armies, navies or air forces
    slaget vid Lützen ― the Battle of Lützen (1632)
    slaget om Storbritannien ― the Battle of Britain
    Synonyms: fältslag, batalj, strid
  4. A stroke; the striking of a clock
    Klockan slog just tre slag. ― The clock just struck three strokes.
  5. stroke; the time when a clock strikes
    Han kom precis på slaget midnatt. ― He came on the stroke of midnight.
  6. (medicine) stroke; a loss of brain function arising when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted.
    Synonyms: stroke, slaganfall
  7. A kind; sort.
    En fågel av ett ovanligt slag ― A bird of an unusual kind
    Synonym: sort
  8. A while; moment; a short period of time.
    Kom hit ett slag! ― Come here a minute!
    Synonym: stund
  9. A fold on the legs of a pair of trousers, where about an inch of the leg is folded upwards.
  10. A lapel

Declension

Declension of slag 
SingularPlural
IndefiniteDefiniteIndefiniteDefinite
Nominativeslagslagetslagslagen
Genitiveslagsslagetsslagsslagens

Derived terms

  • få slag

Descendants

  • → Finnish: laaki
  • → Finnish: slaagi

See also

  • käftsmäll (“punch in the mouth”)
  • smocka (“punch”)
  • snyting (“punch to the face”)
  • tjottablängare (“hard punch”)

Anagrams

  • algs, glas, lags
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