sinä
See also: Appendix:Variations of "sina"
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsinæ/, [ˈs̠inæ]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -inæ
- Syllabification(key): si‧nä
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *cinä, from Proto-Uralic *tinä. See the Proto-Finnic entry for more information on inflection.
Pronoun
sinä (stem sinu-)
- (personal) you (second-person singular personal pronoun, used in familiar or neutral contexts), thou
Usage notes
- Depending on the context, the pronoun can sometimes be omitted in written language if the text remains fluent – the pronoun is in spoken language practically always used, though in different (mentioned above) dialectal variants. (cf. the usage of te, “you” (pl.))
- As in many other European languages, the second person plural te is used in formal contexts or when addressing an unfamiliar elderly person (see teititellä). However, this custom is not anymore as usual as elsewhere in Europe in everyday life – there is from time to time discussion whether this custom is inconvenient in modern society. However, a safe way to start conversation with an unfamiliar person, especially with an elderly person, is saying "te".
- When addressing another person in writing, Sinä is often capitalized.
Declension
- Irregular. The comitative and instructive forms do not exist; the abessive "sinutta" and "teittä" is hardly used.
- In addition to the standard set of cases, sinä and the other personal pronouns have a specific accusative form, in this case sinut. This form would have been the nominative plural form of the first stem if the word were not a personal pronoun.
Declension of sinä
|
Synonyms
- sa (archaic, poetic)
- sie (dialectal)
- siä (dialectal)
- sä (colloquial)
- sää (dialectal)
- nää (dialectal)
Derived terms
- verbs: sinutella
Descendants
- Kven: sie
See also
Finnish personal pronouns
| first | second | third | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| familiar | polite | |||
| singular | minä | sinä | Te | hän |
| plural | me | te | he | |
Pronoun
sinä
- (demonstrative) essive singular of se
Anagrams
- isän, nisä, säin
Livvi
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *cinä, from Proto-Uralic *tinä. Cognates include Finnish sinä and Karelian sie.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsinʲæ/
- Hyphenation: si‧nä
- Rhymes: -inʲæ
Pronoun
sinä
- thou, you (singular)
Declension
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
See also
Livvi personal pronouns
| first | second | third | |
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | minä | sinä | häi |
| plural | myö | työ | hyö |
References
- N. Gilojeva; S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 10
- Tatjana Boiko (2019) Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 258
Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *cinä, from Proto-Uralic *tinä.
Pronoun
sinä (genitive sinun, partitive sindai)
- you (singular)
Inflection
| Inflection of sinä | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative sing. | sinä | ||
| genitive sing. | sinun | ||
| partitive sing. | sindai | ||
| partitive plur. | teid | ||
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | sinä | tö | |
| accusative | sinun | tö | |
| genitive | sinun | teiden | |
| partitive | sindai | teid | |
| essive-instructive | — | — | |
| translative | — | — | |
| inessive | sinus | teiš | |
| elative | sinuspäi | teišpäi | |
| illative | sinuhu | teihe | |
| adessive | sinai | teil | |
| ablative | sinaipäi | teilpäi | |
| allative | sinei | teile | |
| abessive | sinuta | teita | |
| comitative | sinunke | teidenke | |
| prolative | — | — | |
| approximative I | — | — | |
| approximative II | — | — | |
| egressive | — | — | |
| terminative I | — | — | |
| terminative II | — | — | |
| terminative III | — | — | |
| additive I | — | — | |
| additive II | — | — | |
References
- Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “ты”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika