simplex

See also: Simplex

English

Simplexes (geometry).

Simplex wireless communication.

Etymology

From Latin simplex (“simple”).

In the mathematical sense, apparently first used (in German) in 1902, Pieter Hendrik Schoute, Mehrdimensionale Geometrie, where Schoute first suggests the term Simplicissimum, but then from the next page decides to use simplex "for short".[1] In his pioneering works on algebraic topology, Henri Poincaré had previously introduced the concept, but not the actual term simplex.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsɪmplɛks/
Audio (UK) (file)

Adjective

simplex (not comparable)

Single, simple; not complex.
(telecommunications) Unidirectional.

Synonyms

monoplex
uniplex

Antonyms

(simple): complex
(unidirectional): duplex (bidirectional)

Coordinate terms

(unidirectional):

half-duplex
semiduplex
full duplex

Translations

unidirectional

Catalan: símplex
Finnish: yksisuuntainen (fi)
Greek: μονόδρομος (el) (monódromos)

Noun

simplex (plural simplexes or simplices or simplicia)

(geometry, algebraic topology) An analogue in a space of arbitrary dimensionality of the triangle or tetrahedron; the convex hull of n+1 linearly independent points in n-dimensional space; in other words, the triangle, tetrahedron etc., generalized to an arbitrary number of dimensions.
(linguistics) A monomorphemic word, one without affixes.
- 1978, Helga Harries-Delisle, “Contrastive Emphasis and Cleft Sentences”, in Universals of Human Language, edited by Joseph H. Greenberg, →ISBN, page 460:
  The only indication that 139. is a simplex is the sentence intonation and the absence of a break between the verb and the subject.

Synonyms

monoplex

Derived terms

simplex method
simplicial

Translations

an analogue in any dimension of the triangle or tetrahedron

Chinese:
Mandarin: 单纯形 (dānchún xíng)
Finnish: simpleksi
French: simplexe (fr) m
German: Simplex (de) n
Icelandic: hyrna (is) f
Irish: aonphléacs m
Italian: simplesso (it) m
Russian: си́мплекс (ru) m (símpleks)
Spanish: simplex (es) m

a simple word

Finnish: perussana
German: Simplex (de) n
Swedish: simplex n

References

Earliest Known Uses of Some of the Words of Mathematics » S

Latin

**Latin numbers ^(edit)**
	10^{[a], [b], [c], [d]}
	I 1	2 → ^{[a], [b]}	10 → ^{[a], [b], [c], [d]}
Cardinal: ūnus Ordinal: prīmus Adverbial: semel Multiplier: simplex, simplus Distributive: singulī

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *sempleks, from the same root as semel + plicō (“I fold”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsim.pleks/, [ˈs̠ɪmpɫ̪ɛks̠]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsim.pleks/, [ˈsimpleks]

Adjective

simplex (genitive simplicis, comparative simplicior, superlative simplicissimus, adverb simpliciter); third-declension one-termination adjective

single
simple, plain, uncompounded
pure, unmixed
sincere, naive, frank, open, without guile, guileless, unsuspecting
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.225-226:
  male crēditis hostī: simplex nōbilitās, perfida tēla cave!
  You do wrong to trust the enemy: Guileless nobles, beware of treacherous weapons!

Declension

Third-declension one-termination adjective.

Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter	Masc./Fem.	Neuter
Number	Singular		Plural
Nominative	simplex		simplicēs	simplicia
Genitive	simplicis		simplicium
Dative	simplicī		simplicibus
Accusative	simplicem	simplex	simplicēs	simplicia
Ablative	simplicī		simplicibus
Vocative	simplex		simplicēs	simplicia

Derived terms

simplicābilis
simplicitās
simpliciter

Related terms

duplex
simplus
triplex
quadruplex

Descendants

Old Leonese:
- Mirandese: simples
Old Portuguese: simplez
- Portuguese: simples, símplice
→ Asturian: simple
→ Catalan: simple
→ Dutch: simpel
→ English: simplex
→ Friulian: sempliç
→ Galician: simple
→ German: simpel
- → Norwegian: simpel
→ Italian: semplice
→ Middle Low German: simpel
- → Old Swedish: simpel
  - Swedish: simpel
    - → Finnish: simppeli
→ Old French: simple, sinple
- French: simple
  - → Romanian: simplu
- → Middle English: symple, simple
  - Scots: semple
  - English: simple
→ Romansch: simpel, sempel
Sicilian: sìmprici, sìmplici
→ Spanish: simple
- Chavacano: simple
→ Proto-Brythonic: *sɨml
- Middle Welsh: symyl
  - Welsh: syml

References

“simplex”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“simplex”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
simplex in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
simplex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette

Romanian

Etymology

From French simplex.

Noun

simplex n (uncountable)

simplex

Declension

declension of simplex (singular only)

	singular
n gender	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) simplex	simplexul
genitive/dative	(unui) simplex	simplexului
vocative	simplexule

[1] Earliest Known Uses of Some of the Words of Mathematics » S