shanela

Zulu

Verb

-shanéla

Alternative form of -shayéla

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukushanela
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukushanela	ukungashaneli
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	shanela	-shanele
Plural	shanelani	-shaneleni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyashanela, ngishanela	engishanelayo, engishanela	ngishanela	angishaneli	engingashaneli	ngingashaneli
2nd singular	uyashanela, ushanela	oshanelayo, oshanela	ushanela	awushaneli	ongashaneli	ungashaneli
1st plural	siyashanela, sishanela	esishanelayo, esishanela	sishanela	asishaneli	esingashaneli	singashaneli
2nd plural	niyashanela, nishanela	enishanelayo, enishanela	nishanela	anishaneli	eningashaneli	ningashaneli
Class 1	uyashanela, ushanela	oshanelayo, oshanela	eshanela	akashaneli	ongashaneli	engashaneli
Class 2	bayashanela, bashanela	abashanelayo, abashanela	beshanela	abashaneli	abangashaneli	bengashaneli
Class 3	uyashanela, ushanela	oshanelayo, oshanela	ushanela	awushaneli	ongashaneli	ungashaneli
Class 4	iyashanela, ishanela	eshanelayo, eshanela	ishanela	ayishaneli	engashaneli	ingashaneli
Class 5	liyashanela, lishanela	elishanelayo, elishanela	lishanela	alishaneli	elingashaneli	lingashaneli
Class 6	ayashanela, ashanela	ashanelayo, ashanela	eshanela	awashaneli	angashaneli	engashaneli
Class 7	siyashanela, sishanela	esishanelayo, esishanela	sishanela	asishaneli	esingashaneli	singashaneli
Class 8	ziyashanela, zishanela	ezishanelayo, ezishanela	zishanela	azishaneli	ezingashaneli	zingashaneli
Class 9	iyashanela, ishanela	eshanelayo, eshanela	ishanela	ayishaneli	engashaneli	ingashaneli
Class 10	ziyashanela, zishanela	ezishanelayo, ezishanela	zishanela	azishaneli	ezingashaneli	zingashaneli
Class 11	luyashanela, lushanela	olushanelayo, olushanela	lushanela	alushaneli	olungashaneli	lungashaneli
Class 14	buyashanela, bushanela	obushanelayo, obushanela	bushanela	abushaneli	obungashaneli	bungashaneli
Class 15	kuyashanela, kushanela	okushanelayo, okushanela	kushanela	akushaneli	okungashaneli	kungashaneli
Class 17	kuyashanela, kushanela	okushanelayo, okushanela	kushanela	akushaneli	okungashaneli	kungashaneli
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngishanelile, ngishanelē	engishanelile, engishanelē	ngishanelile, ngishanelē	angishanelanga	engingashanelanga	ngingashanelanga
2nd singular	ushanelile, ushanelē	oshanelile, oshanelē	ushanelile, ushanelē	awushanelanga	ongashanelanga	ungashanelanga
1st plural	sishanelile, sishanelē	esishanelile, esishanelē	sishanelile, sishanelē	asishanelanga	esingashanelanga	singashanelanga
2nd plural	nishanelile, nishanelē	enishanelile, enishanelē	nishanelile, nishanelē	anishanelanga	eningashanelanga	ningashanelanga
Class 1	ushanelile, ushanelē	oshanelile, oshanelē	eshanelile, eshanelē	akashanelanga	ongashanelanga	engashanelanga
Class 2	bashanelile, bashanelē	abashanelile, abashanelē	beshanelile, beshanelē	abashanelanga	abangashanelanga	bengashanelanga
Class 3	ushanelile, ushanelē	oshanelile, oshanelē	ushanelile, ushanelē	awushanelanga	ongashanelanga	ungashanelanga
Class 4	ishanelile, ishanelē	eshanelile, eshanelē	ishanelile, ishanelē	ayishanelanga	engashanelanga	ingashanelanga
Class 5	lishanelile, lishanelē	elishanelile, elishanelē	lishanelile, lishanelē	alishanelanga	elingashanelanga	lingashanelanga
Class 6	ashanelile, ashanelē	ashanelile, ashanelē	eshanelile, eshanelē	awashanelanga	angashanelanga	engashanelanga
Class 7	sishanelile, sishanelē	esishanelile, esishanelē	sishanelile, sishanelē	asishanelanga	esingashanelanga	singashanelanga
Class 8	zishanelile, zishanelē	ezishanelile, ezishanelē	zishanelile, zishanelē	azishanelanga	ezingashanelanga	zingashanelanga
Class 9	ishanelile, ishanelē	eshanelile, eshanelē	ishanelile, ishanelē	ayishanelanga	engashanelanga	ingashanelanga
Class 10	zishanelile, zishanelē	ezishanelile, ezishanelē	zishanelile, zishanelē	azishanelanga	ezingashanelanga	zingashanelanga
Class 11	lushanelile, lushanelē	olushanelile, olushanelē	lushanelile, lushanelē	alushanelanga	olungashanelanga	lungashanelanga
Class 14	bushanelile, bushanelē	obushanelile, obushanelē	bushanelile, bushanelē	abushanelanga	obungashanelanga	bungashanelanga
Class 15	kushanelile, kushanelē	okushanelile, okushanelē	kushanelile, kushanelē	akushanelanga	okungashanelanga	kungashanelanga
Class 17	kushanelile, kushanelē	okushanelile, okushanelē	kushanelile, kushanelē	akushanelanga	okungashanelanga	kungashanelanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāshanela	engāshanela	ngāshanela	angishanelanga	engingashanelanga	ngingashanelanga
2nd singular	wāshanela	owāshanela	wāshanela	awushanelanga	ongashanelanga	ungashanelanga
1st plural	sāshanela	esāshanela	sāshanela	asishanelanga	esingashanelanga	singashanelanga
2nd plural	nāshanela	enāshanela	nāshanela	anishanelanga	eningashanelanga	ningashanelanga
Class 1	wāshanela	owāshanela	āshanela	akashanelanga	ongashanelanga	engashanelanga
Class 2	bāshanela	abāshanela	bāshanela	abashanelanga	abangashanelanga	bengashanelanga
Class 3	wāshanela	owāshanela	wāshanela	awushanelanga	ongashanelanga	ungashanelanga
Class 4	yāshanela	eyāshanela	yāshanela	ayishanelanga	engashanelanga	ingashanelanga
Class 5	lāshanela	elāshanela	lāshanela	alishanelanga	elingashanelanga	lingashanelanga
Class 6	āshanela	āshanela	āshanela	awashanelanga	angashanelanga	engashanelanga
Class 7	sāshanela	esāshanela	sāshanela	asishanelanga	esingashanelanga	singashanelanga
Class 8	zāshanela	ezāshanela	zāshanela	azishanelanga	ezingashanelanga	zingashanelanga
Class 9	yāshanela	eyāshanela	yāshanela	ayishanelanga	engashanelanga	ingashanelanga
Class 10	zāshanela	ezāshanela	zāshanela	azishanelanga	ezingashanelanga	zingashanelanga
Class 11	lwāshanela	olwāshanela	lwāshanela	alushanelanga	olungashanelanga	lungashanelanga
Class 14	bāshanela	obāshanela	bāshanela	abushanelanga	obungashanelanga	bungashanelanga
Class 15	kwāshanela	okwāshanela	kwāshanela	akushanelanga	okungashanelanga	kungashanelanga
Class 17	kwāshanela	okwāshanela	kwāshanela	akushanelanga	okungashanelanga	kungashanelanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingashanela	—	ngingashanela	ngingeshanele	—	ngingeshanele
2nd singular	ungashanela	—	ungashanela	ungeshanele	—	ungeshanele
1st plural	singashanela	—	singashanela	singeshanele	—	singeshanele
2nd plural	ningashanela	—	ningashanela	ningeshanele	—	ningeshanele
Class 1	angashanela	—	engashanela	angeshanele	—	engeshanele
Class 2	bangashanela	—	bengashanela	bangeshanele	—	bengeshanele
Class 3	ungashanela	—	ungashanela	ungeshanele	—	ungeshanele
Class 4	ingashanela	—	ingashanela	ingeshanele	—	ingeshanele
Class 5	lingashanela	—	lingashanela	lingeshanele	—	lingeshanele
Class 6	angashanela	—	engashanela	angeshanele	—	engeshanele
Class 7	singashanela	—	singashanela	singeshanele	—	singeshanele
Class 8	zingashanela	—	zingashanela	zingeshanele	—	zingeshanele
Class 9	ingashanela	—	ingashanela	ingeshanele	—	ingeshanele
Class 10	zingashanela	—	zingashanela	zingeshanele	—	zingeshanele
Class 11	lungashanela	—	lungashanela	lungeshanele	—	lungeshanele
Class 14	bungashanela	—	bungashanela	bungeshanele	—	bungeshanele
Class 15	kungashanela	—	kungashanela	kungeshanele	—	kungeshanele
Class 17	kungashanela	—	kungashanela	kungeshanele	—	kungeshanele
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizoshanela	engizoshanela	ngizoshanela	angizushanela	engingezushanela	ngingezushanela
2nd singular	uzoshanela	ozoshanela	uzoshanela	awuzushanela	ongezushanela	ungezushanela
1st plural	sizoshanela	esizoshanela	sizoshanela	asizushanela	esingezushanela	singezushanela
2nd plural	nizoshanela	enizoshanela	nizoshanela	anizushanela	eningezushanela	ningezushanela
Class 1	uzoshanela	ozoshanela	ezoshanela	akazushanela	ongezushanela	engezushanela
Class 2	bazoshanela	abazoshanela	bezoshanela	abazushanela	abangezushanela	bengezushanela
Class 3	uzoshanela	ozoshanela	uzoshanela	awuzushanela	ongezushanela	ungezushanela
Class 4	izoshanela	ezoshanela	izoshanela	ayizushanela	engezushanela	ingezushanela
Class 5	lizoshanela	elizoshanela	lizoshanela	alizushanela	elingezushanela	lingezushanela
Class 6	azoshanela	azoshanela	ezoshanela	awazushanela	angezushanela	engezushanela
Class 7	sizoshanela	esizoshanela	sizoshanela	asizushanela	esingezushanela	singezushanela
Class 8	zizoshanela	ezizoshanela	zizoshanela	azizushanela	ezingezushanela	zingezushanela
Class 9	izoshanela	ezoshanela	izoshanela	ayizushanela	engezushanela	ingezushanela
Class 10	zizoshanela	ezizoshanela	zizoshanela	azizushanela	ezingezushanela	zingezushanela
Class 11	luzoshanela	oluzoshanela	luzoshanela	aluzushanela	olungezushanela	lungezushanela
Class 14	buzoshanela	obuzoshanela	buzoshanela	abuzushanela	obungezushanela	bungezushanela
Class 15	kuzoshanela	okuzoshanela	kuzoshanela	akuzushanela	okungezushanela	kungezushanela
Class 17	kuzoshanela	okuzoshanela	kuzoshanela	akuzushanela	okungezushanela	kungezushanela
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyoshanela	engiyoshanela	ngiyoshanela	angiyushanela	engingeyushanela	ngingeyushanela
2nd singular	uyoshanela	oyoshanela	uyoshanela	awuyushanela	ongeyushanela	ungeyushanela
1st plural	siyoshanela	esiyoshanela	siyoshanela	asiyushanela	esingeyushanela	singeyushanela
2nd plural	niyoshanela	eniyoshanela	niyoshanela	aniyushanela	eningeyushanela	ningeyushanela
Class 1	uyoshanela	oyoshanela	eyoshanela	akayushanela	ongeyushanela	engeyushanela
Class 2	bayoshanela	abayoshanela	beyoshanela	abayushanela	abangeyushanela	bengeyushanela
Class 3	uyoshanela	oyoshanela	uyoshanela	awuyushanela	ongeyushanela	ungeyushanela
Class 4	iyoshanela	eyoshanela	iyoshanela	ayiyushanela	engeyushanela	ingeyushanela
Class 5	liyoshanela	eliyoshanela	liyoshanela	aliyushanela	elingeyushanela	lingeyushanela
Class 6	ayoshanela	ayoshanela	eyoshanela	awayushanela	angeyushanela	engeyushanela
Class 7	siyoshanela	esiyoshanela	siyoshanela	asiyushanela	esingeyushanela	singeyushanela
Class 8	ziyoshanela	eziyoshanela	ziyoshanela	aziyushanela	ezingeyushanela	zingeyushanela
Class 9	iyoshanela	eyoshanela	iyoshanela	ayiyushanela	engeyushanela	ingeyushanela
Class 10	ziyoshanela	eziyoshanela	ziyoshanela	aziyushanela	ezingeyushanela	zingeyushanela
Class 11	luyoshanela	oluyoshanela	luyoshanela	aluyushanela	olungeyushanela	lungeyushanela
Class 14	buyoshanela	obuyoshanela	buyoshanela	abuyushanela	obungeyushanela	bungeyushanela
Class 15	kuyoshanela	okuyoshanela	kuyoshanela	akuyushanela	okungeyushanela	kungeyushanela
Class 17	kuyoshanela	okuyoshanela	kuyoshanela	akuyushanela	okungeyushanela	kungeyushanela
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngishanele	ngingashaneli
2nd singular	ushanele	ungashaneli
1st plural	sishanele	singashaneli
2nd plural	nishanele	ningashaneli
Class 1	ashanele	angashaneli
Class 2	bashanele	bangashaneli
Class 3	ushanele	ungashaneli
Class 4	ishanele	ingashaneli
Class 5	lishanele	lingashaneli
Class 6	ashanele	angashaneli
Class 7	sishanele	singashaneli
Class 8	zishanele	zingashaneli
Class 9	ishanele	ingashaneli
Class 10	zishanele	zingashaneli
Class 11	lushanele	lungashaneli
Class 14	bushanele	bungashaneli
Class 15	kushanele	kungashaneli
Class 17	kushanele	kungashaneli
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngashanela	ngangashanela, angashanela, angangashanela
2nd singular	washanela	wangashanela, awashanela, awangashanela
1st plural	sashanela	sangashanela, asashanela, asangashanela
2nd plural	nashanela	nangashanela, anashanela, anangashanela
Class 1	washanela	wangashanela, akashanela, akangashanela
Class 2	bashanela	bangashanela, abashanela, abangashanela
Class 3	washanela	wangashanela, awashanela, awangashanela
Class 4	yashanela	yangashanela, ayashanela, ayangashanela
Class 5	lashanela	langashanela, alashanela, alangashanela
Class 6	ashanela	angashanela, awashanela, awangashanela
Class 7	sashanela	sangashanela, asashanela, asangashanela
Class 8	zashanela	zangashanela, azashanela, azangashanela
Class 9	yashanela	yangashanela, ayashanela, ayangashanela
Class 10	zashanela	zangashanela, azashanela, azangashanela
Class 11	lwashanela	lwangashanela, alwashanela, alwangashanela
Class 14	bashanela	bangashanela, abashanela, abangashanela
Class 15	kwashanela	kwangashanela, akwashanela, akwangashanela
Class 17	kwashanela	kwangashanela, akwashanela, akwangashanela

Derived terms

umshanelo

References

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “shanela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “shanela (3.2.9)”