shabalala
Zulu
Verb
-shabalala?
- (intransitive) to pass away, to die
- Synonym: -fa
Inflection
Tone unknown | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukushabalala | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukushabalala | ukungashabalali | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | shabalala | -shabalale | |||||||
Plural | shabalalani | -shabalaleni | |||||||
Stative | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngishabalele | engishabalele | ngishabalele | angishabalele | engingashabalele | ngingashabalele | |||
2nd singular | ushabalele | oshabalele | ushabalele | awushabalele | ongashabalele | ungashabalele | |||
1st plural | sishabalele | esishabalele | sishabalele | asishabalele | esingashabalele | singashabalele | |||
2nd plural | nishabalele | enishabalele | nishabalele | anishabalele | eningashabalele | ningashabalele | |||
Class 1 | ushabalele | oshabalele | eshabalele | akashabalele | ongashabalele | engashabalele | |||
Class 2 | bashabalele | abashabalele | beshabalele | abashabalele | abangashabalele | bengashabalele | |||
Class 3 | ushabalele | oshabalele | ushabalele | awushabalele | ongashabalele | ongashabalele | |||
Class 4 | ishabalele | eshabalele | ishabalele | ayishabalele | engashabalele | ingashabalele | |||
Class 5 | lishabalele | elishabalele | lishabalele | alishabalele | elingashabalele | lingashabalele | |||
Class 6 | ashabalele | ashabalele | eshabalele | awashabalele | angashabalele | engashabalele | |||
Class 7 | sishabalele | esishabalele | sishabalele | asishabalele | esingashabalele | singashabalele | |||
Class 8 | zishabalele | ezishabalele | zishabalele | azishabalele | ezingashabalele | zingashabalele | |||
Class 9 | ishabalele | eshabalele | ishabalele | ayishabalele | engashabalele | ingashabalele | |||
Class 10 | zishabalele | ezishabalele | zishabalele | azishabalele | ezingashabalele | zingashabalele | |||
Class 11 | lushabalele | olushabalele | lushabalele | alushabalele | olungashabalele | lungashabalele | |||
Class 14 | bushabalele | obushabalele | bushabalele | abushabalele | obungashabalele | bungashabalele | |||
Class 15 | kushabalele | okushabalele | kushabalele | akushabalele | okungashabalele | kungashabalele | |||
Class 17 | kushabalele | okushabalele | kushabalele | akushabalele | okungashabalele | kungashabalele | |||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyashabalala, ngishabalala | engishabalalayo, engishabalala | ngishabalala | angishabalali | engingashabalali | ngingashabalali | |||
2nd singular | uyashabalala, ushabalala | oshabalalayo, oshabalala | ushabalala | awushabalali | ongashabalali | ungashabalali | |||
1st plural | siyashabalala, sishabalala | esishabalalayo, esishabalala | sishabalala | asishabalali | esingashabalali | singashabalali | |||
2nd plural | niyashabalala, nishabalala | enishabalalayo, enishabalala | nishabalala | anishabalali | eningashabalali | ningashabalali | |||
Class 1 | uyashabalala, ushabalala | oshabalalayo, oshabalala | eshabalala | akashabalali | ongashabalali | engashabalali | |||
Class 2 | bayashabalala, bashabalala | abashabalalayo, abashabalala | beshabalala | abashabalali | abangashabalali | bengashabalali | |||
Class 3 | uyashabalala, ushabalala | oshabalalayo, oshabalala | ushabalala | awushabalali | ongashabalali | ungashabalali | |||
Class 4 | iyashabalala, ishabalala | eshabalalayo, eshabalala | ishabalala | ayishabalali | engashabalali | ingashabalali | |||
Class 5 | liyashabalala, lishabalala | elishabalalayo, elishabalala | lishabalala | alishabalali | elingashabalali | lingashabalali | |||
Class 6 | ayashabalala, ashabalala | ashabalalayo, ashabalala | eshabalala | awashabalali | angashabalali | engashabalali | |||
Class 7 | siyashabalala, sishabalala | esishabalalayo, esishabalala | sishabalala | asishabalali | esingashabalali | singashabalali | |||
Class 8 | ziyashabalala, zishabalala | ezishabalalayo, ezishabalala | zishabalala | azishabalali | ezingashabalali | zingashabalali | |||
Class 9 | iyashabalala, ishabalala | eshabalalayo, eshabalala | ishabalala | ayishabalali | engashabalali | ingashabalali | |||
Class 10 | ziyashabalala, zishabalala | ezishabalalayo, ezishabalala | zishabalala | azishabalali | ezingashabalali | zingashabalali | |||
Class 11 | luyashabalala, lushabalala | olushabalalayo, olushabalala | lushabalala | alushabalali | olungashabalali | lungashabalali | |||
Class 14 | buyashabalala, bushabalala | obushabalalayo, obushabalala | bushabalala | abushabalali | obungashabalali | bungashabalali | |||
Class 15 | kuyashabalala, kushabalala | okushabalalayo, okushabalala | kushabalala | akushabalali | okungashabalali | kungashabalali | |||
Class 17 | kuyashabalala, kushabalala | okushabalalayo, okushabalala | kushabalala | akushabalali | okungashabalali | kungashabalali | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngishabalalile, ngishabalalē | engishabalalile, engishabalalē | ngishabalalile, ngishabalalē | angishabalalanga | engingashabalalanga | ngingashabalalanga | |||
2nd singular | ushabalalile, ushabalalē | oshabalalile, oshabalalē | ushabalalile, ushabalalē | awushabalalanga | ongashabalalanga | ungashabalalanga | |||
1st plural | sishabalalile, sishabalalē | esishabalalile, esishabalalē | sishabalalile, sishabalalē | asishabalalanga | esingashabalalanga | singashabalalanga | |||
2nd plural | nishabalalile, nishabalalē | enishabalalile, enishabalalē | nishabalalile, nishabalalē | anishabalalanga | eningashabalalanga | ningashabalalanga | |||
Class 1 | ushabalalile, ushabalalē | oshabalalile, oshabalalē | eshabalalile, eshabalalē | akashabalalanga | ongashabalalanga | engashabalalanga | |||
Class 2 | bashabalalile, bashabalalē | abashabalalile, abashabalalē | beshabalalile, beshabalalē | abashabalalanga | abangashabalalanga | bengashabalalanga | |||
Class 3 | ushabalalile, ushabalalē | oshabalalile, oshabalalē | ushabalalile, ushabalalē | awushabalalanga | ongashabalalanga | ungashabalalanga | |||
Class 4 | ishabalalile, ishabalalē | eshabalalile, eshabalalē | ishabalalile, ishabalalē | ayishabalalanga | engashabalalanga | ingashabalalanga | |||
Class 5 | lishabalalile, lishabalalē | elishabalalile, elishabalalē | lishabalalile, lishabalalē | alishabalalanga | elingashabalalanga | lingashabalalanga | |||
Class 6 | ashabalalile, ashabalalē | ashabalalile, ashabalalē | eshabalalile, eshabalalē | awashabalalanga | angashabalalanga | engashabalalanga | |||
Class 7 | sishabalalile, sishabalalē | esishabalalile, esishabalalē | sishabalalile, sishabalalē | asishabalalanga | esingashabalalanga | singashabalalanga | |||
Class 8 | zishabalalile, zishabalalē | ezishabalalile, ezishabalalē | zishabalalile, zishabalalē | azishabalalanga | ezingashabalalanga | zingashabalalanga | |||
Class 9 | ishabalalile, ishabalalē | eshabalalile, eshabalalē | ishabalalile, ishabalalē | ayishabalalanga | engashabalalanga | ingashabalalanga | |||
Class 10 | zishabalalile, zishabalalē | ezishabalalile, ezishabalalē | zishabalalile, zishabalalē | azishabalalanga | ezingashabalalanga | zingashabalalanga | |||
Class 11 | lushabalalile, lushabalalē | olushabalalile, olushabalalē | lushabalalile, lushabalalē | alushabalalanga | olungashabalalanga | lungashabalalanga | |||
Class 14 | bushabalalile, bushabalalē | obushabalalile, obushabalalē | bushabalalile, bushabalalē | abushabalalanga | obungashabalalanga | bungashabalalanga | |||
Class 15 | kushabalalile, kushabalalē | okushabalalile, okushabalalē | kushabalalile, kushabalalē | akushabalalanga | okungashabalalanga | kungashabalalanga | |||
Class 17 | kushabalalile, kushabalalē | okushabalalile, okushabalalē | kushabalalile, kushabalalē | akushabalalanga | okungashabalalanga | kungashabalalanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāshabalala | engāshabalala | ngāshabalala | angishabalalanga | engingashabalalanga | ngingashabalalanga | |||
2nd singular | wāshabalala | owāshabalala | wāshabalala | awushabalalanga | ongashabalalanga | ungashabalalanga | |||
1st plural | sāshabalala | esāshabalala | sāshabalala | asishabalalanga | esingashabalalanga | singashabalalanga | |||
2nd plural | nāshabalala | enāshabalala | nāshabalala | anishabalalanga | eningashabalalanga | ningashabalalanga | |||
Class 1 | wāshabalala | owāshabalala | āshabalala | akashabalalanga | ongashabalalanga | engashabalalanga | |||
Class 2 | bāshabalala | abāshabalala | bāshabalala | abashabalalanga | abangashabalalanga | bengashabalalanga | |||
Class 3 | wāshabalala | owāshabalala | wāshabalala | awushabalalanga | ongashabalalanga | ungashabalalanga | |||
Class 4 | yāshabalala | eyāshabalala | yāshabalala | ayishabalalanga | engashabalalanga | ingashabalalanga | |||
Class 5 | lāshabalala | elāshabalala | lāshabalala | alishabalalanga | elingashabalalanga | lingashabalalanga | |||
Class 6 | āshabalala | āshabalala | āshabalala | awashabalalanga | angashabalalanga | engashabalalanga | |||
Class 7 | sāshabalala | esāshabalala | sāshabalala | asishabalalanga | esingashabalalanga | singashabalalanga | |||
Class 8 | zāshabalala | ezāshabalala | zāshabalala | azishabalalanga | ezingashabalalanga | zingashabalalanga | |||
Class 9 | yāshabalala | eyāshabalala | yāshabalala | ayishabalalanga | engashabalalanga | ingashabalalanga | |||
Class 10 | zāshabalala | ezāshabalala | zāshabalala | azishabalalanga | ezingashabalalanga | zingashabalalanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāshabalala | olwāshabalala | lwāshabalala | alushabalalanga | olungashabalalanga | lungashabalalanga | |||
Class 14 | bāshabalala | obāshabalala | bāshabalala | abushabalalanga | obungashabalalanga | bungashabalalanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāshabalala | okwāshabalala | kwāshabalala | akushabalalanga | okungashabalalanga | kungashabalalanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāshabalala | okwāshabalala | kwāshabalala | akushabalalanga | okungashabalalanga | kungashabalalanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingashabalala | — | ngingashabalala | ngingeshabalale | — | ngingeshabalale | |||
2nd singular | ungashabalala | — | ungashabalala | ungeshabalale | — | ungeshabalale | |||
1st plural | singashabalala | — | singashabalala | singeshabalale | — | singeshabalale | |||
2nd plural | ningashabalala | — | ningashabalala | ningeshabalale | — | ningeshabalale | |||
Class 1 | angashabalala | — | engashabalala | angeshabalale | — | engeshabalale | |||
Class 2 | bangashabalala | — | bengashabalala | bangeshabalale | — | bengeshabalale | |||
Class 3 | ungashabalala | — | ungashabalala | ungeshabalale | — | ungeshabalale | |||
Class 4 | ingashabalala | — | ingashabalala | ingeshabalale | — | ingeshabalale | |||
Class 5 | lingashabalala | — | lingashabalala | lingeshabalale | — | lingeshabalale | |||
Class 6 | angashabalala | — | engashabalala | angeshabalale | — | engeshabalale | |||
Class 7 | singashabalala | — | singashabalala | singeshabalale | — | singeshabalale | |||
Class 8 | zingashabalala | — | zingashabalala | zingeshabalale | — | zingeshabalale | |||
Class 9 | ingashabalala | — | ingashabalala | ingeshabalale | — | ingeshabalale | |||
Class 10 | zingashabalala | — | zingashabalala | zingeshabalale | — | zingeshabalale | |||
Class 11 | lungashabalala | — | lungashabalala | lungeshabalale | — | lungeshabalale | |||
Class 14 | bungashabalala | — | bungashabalala | bungeshabalale | — | bungeshabalale | |||
Class 15 | kungashabalala | — | kungashabalala | kungeshabalale | — | kungeshabalale | |||
Class 17 | kungashabalala | — | kungashabalala | kungeshabalale | — | kungeshabalale | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizoshabalala | engizoshabalala | ngizoshabalala | angizushabalala | engingezushabalala | ngingezushabalala | |||
2nd singular | uzoshabalala | ozoshabalala | uzoshabalala | awuzushabalala | ongezushabalala | ungezushabalala | |||
1st plural | sizoshabalala | esizoshabalala | sizoshabalala | asizushabalala | esingezushabalala | singezushabalala | |||
2nd plural | nizoshabalala | enizoshabalala | nizoshabalala | anizushabalala | eningezushabalala | ningezushabalala | |||
Class 1 | uzoshabalala | ozoshabalala | ezoshabalala | akazushabalala | ongezushabalala | engezushabalala | |||
Class 2 | bazoshabalala | abazoshabalala | bezoshabalala | abazushabalala | abangezushabalala | bengezushabalala | |||
Class 3 | uzoshabalala | ozoshabalala | uzoshabalala | awuzushabalala | ongezushabalala | ungezushabalala | |||
Class 4 | izoshabalala | ezoshabalala | izoshabalala | ayizushabalala | engezushabalala | ingezushabalala | |||
Class 5 | lizoshabalala | elizoshabalala | lizoshabalala | alizushabalala | elingezushabalala | lingezushabalala | |||
Class 6 | azoshabalala | azoshabalala | ezoshabalala | awazushabalala | angezushabalala | engezushabalala | |||
Class 7 | sizoshabalala | esizoshabalala | sizoshabalala | asizushabalala | esingezushabalala | singezushabalala | |||
Class 8 | zizoshabalala | ezizoshabalala | zizoshabalala | azizushabalala | ezingezushabalala | zingezushabalala | |||
Class 9 | izoshabalala | ezoshabalala | izoshabalala | ayizushabalala | engezushabalala | ingezushabalala | |||
Class 10 | zizoshabalala | ezizoshabalala | zizoshabalala | azizushabalala | ezingezushabalala | zingezushabalala | |||
Class 11 | luzoshabalala | oluzoshabalala | luzoshabalala | aluzushabalala | olungezushabalala | lungezushabalala | |||
Class 14 | buzoshabalala | obuzoshabalala | buzoshabalala | abuzushabalala | obungezushabalala | bungezushabalala | |||
Class 15 | kuzoshabalala | okuzoshabalala | kuzoshabalala | akuzushabalala | okungezushabalala | kungezushabalala | |||
Class 17 | kuzoshabalala | okuzoshabalala | kuzoshabalala | akuzushabalala | okungezushabalala | kungezushabalala | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyoshabalala | engiyoshabalala | ngiyoshabalala | angiyushabalala | engingeyushabalala | ngingeyushabalala | |||
2nd singular | uyoshabalala | oyoshabalala | uyoshabalala | awuyushabalala | ongeyushabalala | ungeyushabalala | |||
1st plural | siyoshabalala | esiyoshabalala | siyoshabalala | asiyushabalala | esingeyushabalala | singeyushabalala | |||
2nd plural | niyoshabalala | eniyoshabalala | niyoshabalala | aniyushabalala | eningeyushabalala | ningeyushabalala | |||
Class 1 | uyoshabalala | oyoshabalala | eyoshabalala | akayushabalala | ongeyushabalala | engeyushabalala | |||
Class 2 | bayoshabalala | abayoshabalala | beyoshabalala | abayushabalala | abangeyushabalala | bengeyushabalala | |||
Class 3 | uyoshabalala | oyoshabalala | uyoshabalala | awuyushabalala | ongeyushabalala | ungeyushabalala | |||
Class 4 | iyoshabalala | eyoshabalala | iyoshabalala | ayiyushabalala | engeyushabalala | ingeyushabalala | |||
Class 5 | liyoshabalala | eliyoshabalala | liyoshabalala | aliyushabalala | elingeyushabalala | lingeyushabalala | |||
Class 6 | ayoshabalala | ayoshabalala | eyoshabalala | awayushabalala | angeyushabalala | engeyushabalala | |||
Class 7 | siyoshabalala | esiyoshabalala | siyoshabalala | asiyushabalala | esingeyushabalala | singeyushabalala | |||
Class 8 | ziyoshabalala | eziyoshabalala | ziyoshabalala | aziyushabalala | ezingeyushabalala | zingeyushabalala | |||
Class 9 | iyoshabalala | eyoshabalala | iyoshabalala | ayiyushabalala | engeyushabalala | ingeyushabalala | |||
Class 10 | ziyoshabalala | eziyoshabalala | ziyoshabalala | aziyushabalala | ezingeyushabalala | zingeyushabalala | |||
Class 11 | luyoshabalala | oluyoshabalala | luyoshabalala | aluyushabalala | olungeyushabalala | lungeyushabalala | |||
Class 14 | buyoshabalala | obuyoshabalala | buyoshabalala | abuyushabalala | obungeyushabalala | bungeyushabalala | |||
Class 15 | kuyoshabalala | okuyoshabalala | kuyoshabalala | akuyushabalala | okungeyushabalala | kungeyushabalala | |||
Class 17 | kuyoshabalala | okuyoshabalala | kuyoshabalala | akuyushabalala | okungeyushabalala | kungeyushabalala | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngishabalale | ngingashabalali | |||||||
2nd singular | ushabalale | ungashabalali | |||||||
1st plural | sishabalale | singashabalali | |||||||
2nd plural | nishabalale | ningashabalali | |||||||
Class 1 | ashabalale | angashabalali | |||||||
Class 2 | bashabalale | bangashabalali | |||||||
Class 3 | ushabalale | ungashabalali | |||||||
Class 4 | ishabalale | ingashabalali | |||||||
Class 5 | lishabalale | lingashabalali | |||||||
Class 6 | ashabalale | angashabalali | |||||||
Class 7 | sishabalale | singashabalali | |||||||
Class 8 | zishabalale | zingashabalali | |||||||
Class 9 | ishabalale | ingashabalali | |||||||
Class 10 | zishabalale | zingashabalali | |||||||
Class 11 | lushabalale | lungashabalali | |||||||
Class 14 | bushabalale | bungashabalali | |||||||
Class 15 | kushabalale | kungashabalali | |||||||
Class 17 | kushabalale | kungashabalali | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngashabalala | ngangashabalala, angashabalala, angangashabalala | |||||||
2nd singular | washabalala | wangashabalala, awashabalala, awangashabalala | |||||||
1st plural | sashabalala | sangashabalala, asashabalala, asangashabalala | |||||||
2nd plural | nashabalala | nangashabalala, anashabalala, anangashabalala | |||||||
Class 1 | washabalala | wangashabalala, akashabalala, akangashabalala | |||||||
Class 2 | bashabalala | bangashabalala, abashabalala, abangashabalala | |||||||
Class 3 | washabalala | wangashabalala, awashabalala, awangashabalala | |||||||
Class 4 | yashabalala | yangashabalala, ayashabalala, ayangashabalala | |||||||
Class 5 | lashabalala | langashabalala, alashabalala, alangashabalala | |||||||
Class 6 | ashabalala | angashabalala, awashabalala, awangashabalala | |||||||
Class 7 | sashabalala | sangashabalala, asashabalala, asangashabalala | |||||||
Class 8 | zashabalala | zangashabalala, azashabalala, azangashabalala | |||||||
Class 9 | yashabalala | yangashabalala, ayashabalala, ayangashabalala | |||||||
Class 10 | zashabalala | zangashabalala, azashabalala, azangashabalala | |||||||
Class 11 | lwashabalala | lwangashabalala, alwashabalala, alwangashabalala | |||||||
Class 14 | bashabalala | bangashabalala, abashabalala, abangashabalala | |||||||
Class 15 | kwashabalala | kwangashabalala, akwashabalala, akwangashabalala | |||||||
Class 17 | kwashabalala | kwangashabalala, akwashabalala, akwangashabalala |
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “shaɓalala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “shaɓalala (3.3.2.9)”