asinis

asinis

See also: asinīs

Latin

Noun

asinīs

1. dative/ablative plural of asinus

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Latvian

Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *as-n̥-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”), an old, n/r-alternating Indo-European stem; the e > a change is perhaps due to the word's original trisyllabic structure. Cognates include Hittite [Term?] (/eššar/) / [Term?] (/ešẖar/) (< *ašẖar), genitive [Term?] (/ešẖanant-/), Sanskrit असृज् (asṛj), Ancient Greek ἔαρ (éar), Latin aser, Tocharian A ysār, Tocharian B yasar.[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [asinis]

(file)

Noun

asinis f (6th declension)

1. blood (red, opaque liquid that circulates inside the body)

   arteriālās, venožas asinis ― arterial, venous blood

   asins spiediens ― blood pressure

   asins grupa, asinsgrupa ― blood group

   asins analīze ― blood test

   gāzu apmaiņa asinīs ― gas exchange in the blood

   pārliet asinis ― to transfuse blood, to do a blood transfusion

   asinis plūst no ievainojuma ― blood flows from a wound

   apturēt asinis ― to stop the blood

   asinīm pieplūdušas acis ― bloodshot eyes

   sarkans kā asinis ― red as blood

2. a person's nature, temperament

   karstas, aukstas asinis ― hot, cold blood, hot-, cold-blooded

   but asinīs ― to be in the blood (= nature)

3. origin, implying a feeling of belonging to a group, nation, etc.

   dižciltīgas asinis ― noble blood

   zilās asinis ― blue blood

Usage notes

The plural forms are preferred, though the nominative and genitive form asins exist (the genitive is often used in biological or medical contexts; the nominative is only sporadically attested).

Declension

Declension of asinis (6th declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	—	asinis
accusative (akuzatīvs)	—	asinis
genitive (ģenitīvs)	—	asiņu
dative (datīvs)	—	asinīm
instrumental (instrumentālis)	—	asinīm
locative (lokatīvs)	—	asinīs
vocative (vokatīvs)	—	asinis

Derived terms

• asiņains
• asinsvads

References

1. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “asinis”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN