servio
See also: Servio and sérvio
Latin
Etymology
From servus (“slave, servant”) + -iō.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈser.u̯i.oː/, [ˈs̠ɛru̯ioː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈser.vi.o/, [ˈsɛrvio]
Verb
serviō (present infinitive servīre, perfect active servīvī or serviī, supine servītum); fourth conjugation, impersonal in the passive
- (with dative) I am a slave to; I serve
- Synonyms: oboediō, appāreō
- Seneca Minor, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, Epistula XCII
- Nemo liber est qui corpori servit.
- No one is free who is a slave to his body.
- Nemo liber est qui corpori servit.
- (with dative) I am devoted to, subject to
- Synonyms: dēdō, studeō
- I have respect to, regard or care for, consult
- Synonyms: cōnsulō, cūrō, accūrō, cōnsultō, colō, respiciō
- I aim at
- Synonyms: tendō, intendō, spectō, quaerō, affectō
Conjugation
The only passive forms found for this verb are third-person singular.
| Conjugation of serviō (fourth conjugation, impersonal in passive) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | serviō | servīs | servit | servīmus | servītis | serviunt |
| imperfect | serviēbam, servībam | serviēbās, servībās | serviēbat, servībat | serviēbāmus, servībāmus | serviēbātis, servībātis | serviēbant, servībant | |
| future | serviam, servībō | serviēs, servībis | serviet, servībit | serviēmus, servībimus | serviētis, servībitis | servient, servībunt | |
| perfect | servīvī, serviī | servīvistī, servīstī, serviistī | servīvit, servīt, serviit | servīvimus, servīmus, serviimus | servīvistis, servīstis, serviistis | servīvērunt, servērunt, servīvēre, servēre, serviērunt, serviēre | |
| pluperfect | servīveram, servīram, servieram | servīverās, servīrās, servierās | servīverat, servīrat, servierat | servīverāmus, servīrāmus, servierāmus | servīverātis, servīrātis, servierātis | servīverant, servīrant, servierant | |
| future perfect | servīverō, servīrō, servierō | servīveris, servīris, servieris | servīverit, servīrit, servierit | servīverimus, servīrimus, servierimus | servīveritis, servīritis, servieritis | servīverint, servīrint, servierint | |
| passive | present | — | — | servītur | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | serviēbātur | — | — | — | |
| future | — | — | serviētur | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | servītum est | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | servītum erat | — | — | — | |
| future perfect | — | — | servītum erit | — | — | — | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | serviam | serviās | serviat | serviāmus | serviātis | serviant |
| imperfect | servīrem | servīrēs | servīret | servīrēmus | servīrētis | servīrent | |
| perfect | servīverim, servīrim, servierim | servīverīs, servīrīs, servierīs | servīverit, servīrit, servierit | servīverīmus, servīrīmus, servierīmus | servīverītis, servīrītis, servierītis | servīverint, servīrint, servierint | |
| pluperfect | servīvissem, servīssem, serviissem | servīvissēs, servīssēs, serviissēs | servīvisset, servīsset, serviisset | servīvissēmus, servīssēmus, serviissēmus | servīvissētis, servīssētis, serviissētis | servīvissent, servīssent, serviissent | |
| passive | present | — | — | serviātur | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | servīrētur | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | servītum sit | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | servītum esset, servītum foret | — | — | — | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | servī | — | — | servīte | — |
| future | — | servītō | servītō | — | servītōte | serviuntō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | servīre | servīvisse, servīsse, serviisse | servītūrum esse | servīrī | servītum esse | — | |
| participles | serviēns | — | servītūrus | — | servītum | serviendum, serviundum | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| serviendī | serviendō | serviendum | serviendō | servītum | servītū | ||
Related terms
- asserviō
- dēserviō
- īnserviō
- praeserviō
- servīlē
- servīlis
- servīliter
- servitium
- servītor
- servitrītius
- servitūdō
- servitūs
- servulus
- servus
- subserviō
Descendants
- Balkan Romance:
- Old Romanian: șerbi
- → Albanian: shërbej
- Italo-Romance:
- Italian: servire
- Sicilian: sèrbiri
- Padanian:
- Friulian: servî
- Ligurian: servî
- Lombard: servir
- Piedmontese: serve, servì
- Romansch: servir, survir, sarvir, sarveir
- Venetian: servir
- Gallo-Romance:
- Aragonese: servir
- Catalan: servir
- Franco-Provençal: servir
- French: servir
- → Dutch: serveren
- → German: servieren
- → Romanian: servi
- Occitan: servir
- Ibero-Romance:
- Asturian: sirvir, servir
- Galician: servir
- Portuguese: servir
- Spanish: servir
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: selvire, serbire, serbiri, servire, serviri
See also
- servō
References
- “servio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “servio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- servio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to accommodate oneself to circumstances: tempori servire, cedere
- to look after, guard a person's interests, welfare: commodis alicuius servire
- to have regard for one's good name: famae servire, consulere
- to be the slave of one's desires: cupiditatibus servire, pārēre
- to be careful of one's dignity: dignitati suae servire, consulere
- (ambiguous) to examine slaves by torture: de servis quaerere (in dominum)
- to accommodate oneself to circumstances: tempori servire, cedere