sero

See also: śero, séró, sero-, and séro-

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin serum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈsero]
Rhymes: -ero
Hyphenation: se‧ro

Noun

sero (accusative singular seron, plural seroj, accusative plural serojn)

serum

Indonesian

Etymology

Back-formation from pesero (“shareholder”) as peng- +‎ sero, from earlier persero, from Portuguese parceiro (“business partner”), from Old Portuguese parceiro, from Late Latin partiārius, from Latin partiō, from pars.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈse.ro]
Hyphenation: sé‧ro

Noun

sero (plural sero-sero, first-person possessive seroku, second-person possessive seromu, third-person possessive seronya)

(finance, trading) stock, the capital raised by a company through the issue of shares.
Synonyms: andil, saham

Derived terms

perseroan
pesero

Interlingua

Noun

sero (plural seros)

serum

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *sizō, from Proto-Indo-European *sish₁éti, the reduplicated present of *seh₁- (“to sow”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈse.roː/, [ˈs̠ɛroː]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈse.ro/, [ˈsɛːro]

Verb

serō (present infinitive serere, perfect active sēvī, supine satum); third conjugation

I sow, plant.
Synonyms: īnserō, disserō, obserō
- c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 1.30:
  "Serit arborēs, quae alterī saeclō prōsint", ut ait <Statius> in Synephebis, […]
  "He plants the trees, so that they may serve another generation", as Caecilius Statius says in his Synephebi, […]
(of persons) I beget, bring forth, produce.
(figuratively) I found, establish; scatter, spread, disseminate; propagate; excite; cause, produce.

Conjugation

Conjugation of serō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	serō	seris	serit	serimus	seritis	serunt
	imperfect	serēbam	serēbās	serēbat	serēbāmus	serēbātis	serēbant
	future	seram	serēs	seret	serēmus	serētis	serent
	perfect	sēvī	sēvistī, sēstī¹	sēvit, sēt¹	sēvimus, sēmus¹	sēvistis, sēstis¹	sēvērunt, sēvēre, sērunt¹
	pluperfect	sēveram, sēram¹	sēverās, sērās¹	sēverat, sērat¹	sēverāmus, sērāmus¹	sēverātis, sērātis¹	sēverant, sērant¹
	future perfect	sēverō, sērō¹	sēveris, sēris¹	sēverit, sērit¹	sēverimus, sērimus¹	sēveritis, sēritis¹	sēverint, sērint¹
passive	present	seror	sereris, serere	seritur	serimur	seriminī	seruntur
	imperfect	serēbar	serēbāris, serēbāre	serēbātur	serēbāmur	serēbāminī	serēbantur
	future	serar	serēris, serēre	serētur	serēmur	serēminī	serentur
	perfect	satus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	satus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	satus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	seram	serās	serat	serāmus	serātis	serant
	imperfect	sererem	sererēs	sereret	sererēmus	sererētis	sererent
	perfect	sēverim, sērim¹	sēverīs, sērīs¹	sēverit, sērit¹	sēverīmus, sērīmus¹	sēverītis, sērītis¹	sēverint, sērint¹
	pluperfect	sēvissem, sēssem¹	sēvissēs, sēssēs¹	sēvisset, sēsset¹	sēvissēmus, sēssēmus¹	sēvissētis, sēssētis¹	sēvissent, sēssent¹
passive	present	serar	serāris, serāre	serātur	serāmur	serāminī	serantur
	imperfect	sererer	sererēris, sererēre	sererētur	sererēmur	sererēminī	sererentur
	perfect	satus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	satus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	sere	—	—	serite	—
active	future	—	seritō	seritō	—	seritōte	seruntō
passive	present	—	serere	—	—	seriminī	—
passive	future	—	seritor	seritor	—	—	seruntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		serere	sēvisse, sēsse¹	satūrum esse	serī	satum esse	satum īrī
participles		serēns	—	satūrus	—	satus	serendus, serundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		serendī	serendō	serendum	serendō	satum	satū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

asserō
circumserō
cōnserō
disserō
īnserō
interserō
obserō
prōserō
reserō
satiō
satīvus
sator
satōrius
satura
Saturnus
satus
subserō

Etymology 2

From Proto-Italic *serō, from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“to bind, put together, to line up”); compare Ancient Greek εἴρω (eírō), Sanskrit सरत् (sarat), Old Lithuanian Lithuanian sėris (“filament”), Old English serc (“shirt, coat of mail”). More at sark.

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈse.roː/, [ˈs̠ɛroː]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈse.ro/, [ˈsɛːro]

Verb

serō (present infinitive serere, perfect active seruī, supine sertum); third conjugation

(perh. only as past pple.) I link together, entwine, interlace.
(transferred sense) I join in a series, string together.
(certāmina, proelia etc.) I join a battle, engage in conflict.
Synonyms: repugnō, pugnō, contendō, dēcernō, concurrō, certō, bellō, dīmicō, cōnflīgō, committō, dēcertō
(sermōnēs, colloquia etc.) I engage in conversation, parley.

Conjugation

Conjugation of serō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	serō	seris	serit	serimus	seritis	serunt
	imperfect	serēbam	serēbās	serēbat	serēbāmus	serēbātis	serēbant
	future	seram	serēs	seret	serēmus	serētis	serent
	perfect	seruī	seruistī	seruit	seruimus	seruistis	seruērunt, seruēre
	pluperfect	serueram	seruerās	seruerat	seruerāmus	seruerātis	seruerant
	future perfect	seruerō	serueris	seruerit	seruerimus	serueritis	seruerint
passive	present	seror	sereris, serere	seritur	serimur	seriminī	seruntur
	imperfect	serēbar	serēbāris, serēbāre	serēbātur	serēbāmur	serēbāminī	serēbantur
	future	serar	serēris, serēre	serētur	serēmur	serēminī	serentur
	perfect	sertus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	sertus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	sertus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	seram	serās	serat	serāmus	serātis	serant
	imperfect	sererem	sererēs	sereret	sererēmus	sererētis	sererent
	perfect	seruerim	seruerīs	seruerit	seruerīmus	seruerītis	seruerint
	pluperfect	seruissem	seruissēs	seruisset	seruissēmus	seruissētis	seruissent
passive	present	serar	serāris, serāre	serātur	serāmur	serāminī	serantur
	imperfect	sererer	sererēris, sererēre	sererētur	sererēmur	sererēminī	sererentur
	perfect	sertus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	sertus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	sere	—	—	serite	—
active	future	—	seritō	seritō	—	seritōte	seruntō
passive	present	—	serere	—	—	seriminī	—
passive	future	—	seritor	seritor	—	—	seruntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		serere	seruisse	sertūrum esse	serī	sertum esse	sertum īrī
participles		serēns	—	sertūrus	—	sertus	serendus, serundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		serendī	serendō	serendum	serendō	sertum	sertū

Derived terms

asserō
cōnserō
disserō
exserō
īnserō
interserō
praesertim
prōserō
seriēs
serīlia
serta
sertus
subserō

Etymology 3

From sera (“bar for fastening doors”), itself from serō (“to bind”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈse.roː/, [ˈs̠ɛroː]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈse.ro/, [ˈsɛːro]

Verb

serō (present infinitive serāre, perfect active serāvī, supine serātum); first conjugation

(Late Latin) I fasten (with a bolt), bar, bolt.

Conjugation

Conjugation of serō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	serō	serās	serat	serāmus	serātis	serant
	imperfect	serābam	serābās	serābat	serābāmus	serābātis	serābant
	future	serābō	serābis	serābit	serābimus	serābitis	serābunt
	perfect	serāvī	serāvistī	serāvit	serāvimus	serāvistis	serāvērunt, serāvēre
	pluperfect	serāveram	serāverās	serāverat	serāverāmus	serāverātis	serāverant
	future perfect	serāverō	serāveris	serāverit	serāverimus	serāveritis	serāverint
passive	present	seror	serāris, serāre	serātur	serāmur	serāminī	serantur
	imperfect	serābar	serābāris, serābāre	serābātur	serābāmur	serābāminī	serābantur
	future	serābor	serāberis, serābere	serābitur	serābimur	serābiminī	serābuntur
	perfect	serātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	serātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	serātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	serem	serēs	seret	serēmus	serētis	serent
	imperfect	serārem	serārēs	serāret	serārēmus	serārētis	serārent
	perfect	serāverim	serāverīs	serāverit	serāverīmus	serāverītis	serāverint
	pluperfect	serāvissem	serāvissēs	serāvisset	serāvissēmus	serāvissētis	serāvissent
passive	present	serer	serēris, serēre	serētur	serēmur	serēminī	serentur
	imperfect	serārer	serārēris, serārēre	serārētur	serārēmur	serārēminī	serārentur
	perfect	serātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	serātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	serā	—	—	serāte	—
active	future	—	serātō	serātō	—	serātōte	serantō
passive	present	—	serāre	—	—	serāminī	—
passive	future	—	serātor	serātor	—	—	serantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		serāre	serāvisse	serātūrum esse	serārī	serātum esse	serātum īrī
participles		serāns	—	serātūrus	—	serātus	serandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		serandī	serandō	serandum	serandō	serātum	serātū

Derived terms

obserō
reserō

Descendants

Aragonese: zarrar
Asturian: zarrar
Dalmatian: seruar, inseruor
Friulian: sierâ
Galician: cerrar
Istriot: insierà
Italian: serrare
Old French: serrer
- → English: serry
- French: serrer
Portuguese: cerrar
Romansch: serrar, sarar
Sicilian: sirrari
Spanish: cerrar
Venetian: serar, sarar

Etymology 4

From sērus (“late”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈseː.roː/, [ˈs̠eːroː]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈse.ro/, [ˈsɛːro]

Adjective

sērō

dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of sērus

Adverb

sērō (comparative sērius, superlative sērissimē)

At a late hour, late, tardily.
Too late.

Derived terms

sērōtinus

Related terms

sēritās
sērus

Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈse.roː/, [ˈs̠ɛroː]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈse.ro/, [ˈsɛːro]

Noun

serō

dative/ablative singular of serum (“whey; serum”)

References

“serō²” on page 1,923 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
“sero”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“sero”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
sero in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
sero in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to sow: serere; semen spargere
- to plant trees: arbores serere (De Sen. 7. 24)
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Lindu

Noun

sero

shovel

Mapudungun

**Mapudungun cardinal numbers**
	0	1 >
Cardinal : sero

Numeral

sero (Raguileo spelling)

zero

Old Saxon

Adverb

sero (comparative mēr, superlative mēst)

much

Papiamentu

**Papiamentu cardinal numbers**
	0	1 >
Cardinal : sero

Etymology

From Spanish cero and Portuguese zero and Kabuverdianu zéru.

Numeral

sero

zero (0)

Sardinian

Alternative forms

sera

Etymology

From Latin sērō adverb form of sērus (“late”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-ro-. Compare Italian sera, French soir, Venetian séra, Friulian sere, Sicilian sira, Romanian seară, Romansch saira.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsero/

Noun

sero f (plural seros)

evening

Tagalog

**Tagalog cardinal numbers**
	0	1 >
Cardinal : sero

**Tagalog cardinal numbers**
	0	1 >
Cardinal : sero

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cero.

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: se‧ro

IPA^(key): /ˈseɾo/, [ˈse.ɾo]
Audio (file)

Numeral

sero (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜇᜓ)

zero
Synonyms: kopong, wala, awan

Derived terms

seruhan
seruhin

Noun

sero

nothing; naught

Welsh

**Welsh numbers ^(edit)**
	00
	0	1 →	10 → ^{[a], [b]}
Cardinal: sero Ordinal: serofed Ordinal abbreviation: 0fed
Welsh Wikipedia article on 0

Pronunciation

(North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈsɛrɔ/
(South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈzeːrɔ/, /ˈzɛrɔ/

Numeral

sero

(cardinal number) zero

Noun

sero m (plural seroau, not mutable)

zero
Synonym: dim

References

R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sero”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

sero

Esperanto

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Indonesian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Further reading

Interlingua

Noun

Latin

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Adjective

Adverb

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Lindu

Noun

Mapudungun

Numeral

Old Saxon

Adverb

Papiamentu

Etymology

Numeral

Sardinian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Tagalog

Etymology

Pronunciation

Numeral

Derived terms

See also

Noun

Welsh

Pronunciation

Numeral

Noun

References