septem

Latin

**Latin numbers ^(edit)**
	70
← 6	VII 7	8 →
Cardinal: septem Ordinal: septimus Adverbial: septiēs, septiēns Multiplier: septimplus, septemplus, septimplex, septemplex, septuplus, septuplex Distributive: septēnī Fractional: septāns

Alternative forms

Symbol: VII

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *septem, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.

Cognates include Sanskrit सप्तन् (saptán), Ancient Greek ἑπτά (heptá), Old English seofon (English seven) and Old Church Slavonic седмь (sedmĭ).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsep.tem/, [ˈs̠ɛpt̪ɛ̃ˑ]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsep.tem/, [ˈsɛpt̪em]
Audio (Classical) (file)

Numeral

septem (indeclinable)

seven; 7
- 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 5.188–190:
  at Nileus, qui se genitum septemplice Nilo ementitus erat, clipeo quoque flumina septem argento partim, partim caelaverat auro
  But Nileus, who falsely claimed he was born of the seven-fold Nile, had upon [his] shield the seven streams, part in silver and part engraved in gold
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Genesis 29:18:
  quam diligens Iacob ait serviam tibi pro Rahel filia tua minore septem annis
  And Jacob loved Rachel; and said, I will serve thee seven years for Rachel thy younger daughter.

Derived terms

september
septemplex
septēnārius
septimānus
septuplus

Descendants

Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: shapti, shapte
- Istro-Romanian: șåpte
- Romanian: șapte
Dalmatian:
- sapto
Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: sette, setti
- Italian: sette
- Neapolitan: sette
- Sicilian: setti, sietti
North Italian:
- Emilian: sêt
- Friulian: siet
- Istriot: siete
- Ladin: set
- Romansch: set, siat, seat
- Venetian: sete
Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: sèt
- Old French: set
  - Middle French: sept
    - French: sept
  - Norman: sept, saept
  - Walloon: set
Occitano-Romance:
- Catalan: set
- Occitan: sèt
Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: siet, siete
- Asturian: siete
- Old Portuguese: sete
  - Portuguese: sete
    - Kadiwéu: seete
  - Galician: sete
- Spanish: siete
  - → Ilocano: siete
  - → Tagalog: siyete
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: sete, seti

References

“septem”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“septem”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
septem in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- Solon, one of the seven sages: Solo, unus de septem (illis)