seoir
French
Etymology
From Middle French seoir, from Old French seoir, from earlier sedeir, from Latin sedēre, present active infinitive of sedeō, from Proto-Italic *sedēō, from Proto-Indo-European *sed-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /swaʁ/
Audio (file) - Homophone: soir
- Rhymes: -waʁ
Verb
seoir (defective)
- (literary) to be suitable for; to be proper for
- 1640, Pierre Corneille, “Act I, Scene I”, in Horace:
- L'ébranlement sied bien aux plus fermes courages
- To waver is fitting for those of firmest courage
-
- (law) to be situated
- (archaic) sit down (see also s'asseoir)
Conjugation
This is a defective verb, only conjugated in the third person.
Conjugation of seoir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | seoir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | — | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | séant or seyant /se.ɑ̃/ or /sɛ.jɑ̃/ or /se.jɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | — | ||||||
| past participle | — | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | — | — | sied /sje/ | — | — | siéent /sje/ |
| imperfect | — | — | seyait /sɛ.jɛ/ or /se.jɛ/ | — | — | seyaient /sɛ.jɛ/ or /se.jɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| future | — | — | siéra /sje.ʁa/ | — | — | siéront /sje.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | — | — | siérait /sje.ʁɛ/ | — | — | siéraient /sje.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | — | |||||
| pluperfect | — | ||||||
| past anterior2 | — | ||||||
| future perfect | — | ||||||
| conditional perfect | — | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | — | — | siée /sje/ | — | — | siéent /sje/ |
| imperfect2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| (compound tenses) | past | — | |||||
| pluperfect2 | — | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| compound | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
- asseoir
Further reading
- “seoir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- osier, seroi
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French seoir, from earlier sedeir, from Latin sedēre, present active infinitive of sedeō.
Verb
seoir
- to be; to be situated
- circa 1369, Jean Froissart, Chroniques:
- Vous devés savoir que assés près de la ou ils estoient, siet la ville de Iuberot
- You should know that quite close to there where they were, is the city of Juberot
-
- (reflexive, se seoir) to sit down (be sitting)
Old French
Etymology
From an earlier sedeir, from Latin sedēre, present active infinitive of sedeō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /səˈoi̯r/
Verb
seoir
- (transitive) to sit (make someone sit)
- (reflexive, se seoir) to sit down
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has a stressed present stem sié distinct from the unstressed stem se, as well as other irregularities. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of seoir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | seoir | avoir sis | |||||
| gerund | en seant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | seant | ||||||
| past participle | sis | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | sié | siez | siet | seons | seez | siéent |
| imperfect | seoie, seeie | seoies, seeies | seoit, seeit | seïiens, seïens | seïiez, seïez | seoient, seeient | |
| preterite | sis | seṣis | sist | seṣimes | seṣistes | sisdrent | |
| future | serrai | serras | serra | serrons | serroiz, serreiz, serrez | serront | |
| conditional | serroie, serreie | serroies, serreies | serroit, serreit | serriiens, serriens | serriiez, serriez | serroient, serreient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | siée, sië | siées, siës | siée, sië | seons, seiiens, seions | seez, seiiez | siéent, siënt |
| imperfect | seṣisse | seṣisses | seṣist | seṣissons, seṣissiens | seṣissoiz, seṣissez, seṣissiez | seṣissent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | sié | — | seons | seez | — | ||
Descendants
- Middle French: seoir
- French: seoir