sentio
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *sentjō, from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”). Cognate with Lithuanian sintėti (“to think”), Old High German sinnan (“to go; desire”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsen.ti.oː/, [ˈs̠ɛn̪t̪ioː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈsen.t͡si.o/, [ˈsɛnt̪͡s̪io]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Verb
sentiō (present infinitive sentīre, perfect active sēnsī, supine sēnsum); fourth conjugation
- I feel, I sense, I perceive (with the senses)
- Synonyms: sapiō, percipiō
- 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 1.553:
- Hanc quoque Phoebus amat positāque in stīpite dextrā
sentit adhūc trepidāre novō sub cortice pectus.- But yet Phoebus loves her in this form and pressing his right hand
he feels still the trembling heart under the bark.
- But yet Phoebus loves her in this form and pressing his right hand
- Hanc quoque Phoebus amat positāque in stīpite dextrā
- I perceive, am aware of, I am sensible of, I notice mentally, I understand (by using my senses)
- Synonyms: agnōscō, cognōscō, inveniō, cōnsciō, sapiō, sciō, nōscō, scīscō, intellegō, percipiō, discernō, tongeō, cernō, audiō
- Antonyms: ignōrō, nesciō
- c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 4.14:
- Prius ad hostium castra pervēnit quam quid agerētur Germānī sentīre possent.
- He arrived at the camp of the enemy before the Germans could perceive what was going on.
- Prius ad hostium castra pervēnit quam quid agerētur Germānī sentīre possent.
- I have an opinion, I think, I feel
- Synonyms: arbitror, opinor, cōgitō, existimo, reor, puto, reputo, iudico, censeo
- c. 100 CE – 110 CE, Tacitus, Histories 1.1:
- […] ubi sentīre quae velīs et quae sentiās dīcere licet.
- […] where to feel what you wish, and what you feel to say, is permitted.
- […] ubi sentīre quae velīs et quae sentiās dīcere licet.
- I feel (an emotion)
- I agree (typically followed by cum)
- (Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin) (figuratively) I meet
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs 13:3:
- Quī cūstōdit os suum cūstōdit animam suam: quī autem incōnsīderātus est ad loquendum sentiet mala.
- He that keepeth his mouth, keepeth his soul: but he that hath no guard on his speech shall meet with evils. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)
- Quī cūstōdit os suum cūstōdit animam suam: quī autem incōnsīderātus est ad loquendum sentiet mala.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of sentiō (fourth conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | sentiō | sentīs | sentit | sentīmus | sentītis | sentiunt |
| imperfect | sentiēbam | sentiēbās | sentiēbat | sentiēbāmus | sentiēbātis | sentiēbant | |
| future | sentiam | sentiēs | sentiet | sentiēmus | sentiētis | sentient | |
| perfect | sēnsī | sēnsistī | sēnsit | sēnsimus | sēnsistis | sēnsērunt, sēnsēre | |
| pluperfect | sēnseram | sēnserās | sēnserat | sēnserāmus | sēnserātis | sēnserant | |
| future perfect | sēnserō | sēnseris | sēnserit | sēnserimus | sēnseritis | sēnserint | |
| passive | present | sentior | sentīris, sentīre | sentītur | sentīmur | sentīminī | sentiuntur |
| imperfect | sentiēbar | sentiēbāris, sentiēbāre | sentiēbātur | sentiēbāmur | sentiēbāminī | sentiēbantur | |
| future | sentiar | sentiēris, sentiēre | sentiētur | sentiēmur | sentiēminī | sentientur | |
| perfect | sēnsus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | sēnsus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | sēnsus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | sentiam | sentiās | sentiat | sentiāmus | sentiātis | sentiant |
| imperfect | sentīrem | sentīrēs | sentīret | sentīrēmus | sentīrētis | sentīrent | |
| perfect | sēnserim | sēnserīs | sēnserit | sēnserīmus | sēnserītis | sēnserint | |
| pluperfect | sēnsissem | sēnsissēs | sēnsisset | sēnsissēmus | sēnsissētis | sēnsissent | |
| passive | present | sentiar | sentiāris, sentiāre | sentiātur | sentiāmur | sentiāminī | sentiantur |
| imperfect | sentīrer | sentīrēris, sentīrēre | sentīrētur | sentīrēmur | sentīrēminī | sentīrentur | |
| perfect | sēnsus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | sēnsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | sentī | — | — | sentīte | — |
| future | — | sentītō | sentītō | — | sentītōte | sentiuntō | |
| passive | present | — | sentīre | — | — | sentīminī | — |
| future | — | sentītor | sentītor | — | — | sentiuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | sentīre | sēnsisse | sēnsūrum esse | sentīrī | sēnsum esse | sēnsum īrī | |
| participles | sentiēns | — | sēnsūrus | — | sēnsus | sentiendus, sentiundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| sentiendī | sentiendō | sentiendum | sentiendō | sēnsum | sēnsū | ||
Derived terms
- assentior
- cōnsentiō
- dissentiō
- persentiō
- praesentiō
- prōsentiō
- sēnsibilis
- sēnsim
- sēnsōrium
- sēnsus
- sententia
- sentiēns
- sentificō
- sentimentum
- sentiscō
- subsentiō
Related terms
- sēnsa
- sēnsātiō
- sēnsātus
- sēnsibiliter
- sēnsifer
- sēnsificō
- sēnsificus
- sēnsilis
- sēnsuālis
- sēnsuālitās
Descendants
Descendants
- Eastern Romance:
- Aromanian: simtu, sãmtu, simtsiri
- Romanian: simți, simțire
- Franco-Provençal: sentir, sientre
- Old French: sentir
- French: sentir
- → English: scent
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Dalmatian: senter
- Italian: sentire
- Neapolitan: sentì
- Sicilian: sèntiri
- Old Occitan:
- Catalan: sentir
- Occitan: sentir
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: sintî
- Romansch: sentir, santir, santeir
- Sardinian: sentire, sentiri
- Venetian: sentir
- West Iberian:
- Old Leonese:
- Asturian: sentir
- Old Portuguese: sentir
- Galician: sentir
- Portuguese: sentir
- Old Spanish:
- Ladino: sintir
- Spanish: sentir, sensar
- Old Leonese:
- → Proto-Brythonic: *sɨnhɨd
- Middle Welsh: synnyeit
- Welsh: synio
- Middle Welsh: synnyeit
- → Esperanto: senti
References
- “sentio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “sentio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- sentio in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- sentio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to hold the same views: idem sentire (opp. dissentire ab aliquo)
- give me your opinion: dic quid sentias
- to agree with a person: consentire, idem sentire cum aliquo
- to think one thing, say another; to conceal one's opinions: aliter sentire ac loqui (aliud sentire, aliud loqui)
- to have the good of the state at heart: bene, optime sentire de re publica
- to have the good of the state at heart: omnia de re publica praeclara atque egregia sentire
- to have the same political opinions: idem de re publica sentire
- to foster revolutionary projects: contra rem publicam sentire
- I will give you my true opinion: dicam quod sentio
- (ambiguous) to come within the sphere of the senses: sub sensum or sub oculos, sub aspectum cadere
- (ambiguous) to be a man of taste: sensum, iudicium habere
- (ambiguous) to express oneself in popular language: ad vulgarem sensum or ad communem opinionem orationem accommodare (Off. 2. 10. 35)
- (ambiguous) to be quite insensible of all feelings to humanity: omnem humanitatis sensum amisisse
- to hold the same views: idem sentire (opp. dissentire ab aliquo)