senatus

See also: Senatus

English

Etymology

From Latin senatus.

Noun

senatus

A governing body in certain universities.

Anagrams

nasutes, sun teas, unseats

Latin

Etymology

From senex (“old”) +‎ -ātus; literally, a chamber of elders.

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /seˈnaː.tus/, [s̠ɛˈnäːt̪ʊs̠]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /seˈna.tus/, [seˈnäːt̪us]

Noun

senātus m (genitive senātūs); fourth declension

the senate or parliament; the Roman Senate, a council of elders
- 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.2:
  O tempora, o mores! Senatus haec intellegit, consul videt; hic tamen vivit. Vivit?
  Shame on the age and on its principles! The senate is aware of these things; the consul sees them; and yet this man lives. Lives!
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.63-64:
  ‘nec nisi post annōs patuit tunc cūriā sērōs,
  nōmen et aetātis mīte senātus erat.’
  ‘‘Nor then was the Senate-house open [to a citizen] except after [his] latter years, and [the word] Senate [itself] was the mellow name of old age.’’
  (The muse Urania is speaking. “Senatus,” the Roman Senate, relates to another word that is “aetatis” or “of old age”: senex – i.e., the Senate was a council of elderly men.)
- c. 82 C.E., Arch of Titus:
  SENATVS
  POPVLVSQVE·ROMANVS
  The Senate and the People of Rome

Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	senātus	senātūs
Genitive	senātūs	senātuum
Dative	senātuī	senātibus
Accusative	senātum	senātūs
Ablative	senātū	senātibus
Vocative	senātus	senātūs

Note: Old forms of the genitive singular are senātuis and senātī.

Derived terms

senāculum
S. C. (senātūs cōnsultum)
S. C. U. (senātūs cōnsultum ultimum)
S. P. Q. R., SPQR (Senātus Populusque Rōmānus) – the Senate and the People of Rome

Related terms

senātor
senātōrius
senātrīx
senex

Descendants

Some Romance borrowings may be semi-learned.

→ Armenian: սենատ (senat)
→ Basque: senatu
→ Belarusian: сенат (sjenat)
→ Bulgarian: сенат (senat)
→ Catalan: senat
→ Cornish: senedh
→ Czech: senát
→ Danish: senat
→ Finnish: senaatti
→ Old French: senat
- Middle French: senat
  - French: sénat (see there for further descendants)
  - → Dutch: senaat
    - Afrikaans: senaat
    - → Indonesian: senat
  - → Middle English: senat
    - English: senate
      - → Swahili: seneti
→ Georgian: სენატი (senaṭi)
→ German: Senat
- Estonian: senat
→ Hungarian: szenátus
→ Irish: seanad
→ Italian: senato
- → Maltese: senat
- → Turkish: senato
→ Ladin: senat
→ Macedonian: сенат (senat)
→ Norwegian: senat
→ Polish: senat
→ Portuguese: senado
→ Romanian: senat
→ Russian: сенат (senat)
- → Kazakh: сенат (senat)
→ Spanish: senado
- → Cebuano: senado
→ Scottish Gaelic: seanadh
→ Sicilian: sinatu
→ Swedish: senat
→ Ukrainian: сенат (senat)
→ Welsh: senedd
→ Yiddish: סענאַט‎ (senat)

References

“senatus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“senatus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
senatus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
senatus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to expel from the senate: e senatu eicere
- to expel from the senate: senatu movere
- to elect to the senate: in senatum legere, eligere
- to call a meeting of the senate: senatum vocare, convocare
- to assemble the senate: senatum cogere (Liv. 3. 39)
- to issue a proclamation calling on the senators to assemble in full force: edicere, ut senatus frequens adsit (Fam. 11. 6. 2)
- to hold a sitting of the senate: senatum habere
- to bring a question before the senate (of the presiding magistrate): ad senatum referre (Cic. Dom. 53. 136)
- to consult the senators on a matter: patres (senatum) consulere de aliqua re (Sall. Iug. 28)
- the senate inclines to the opinion, decides for..: senatus sententia inclīnat ad... (De Sen. 6. 16)
- the senate decreed (and the people ratified the decree) that..: senatus decrevit (populusque iussit) ut
- a resolution of the senate (not opposed by a tribunicial veto) was made: senatus consultum fit (Att. 2. 24. 3)
- the opinion of the senate in general: senatus auctoritas
- to give a man audience before the senate: senatum alicui dare (Q. Fr. 2. 11. 2)
- a matter is referred (for decision) from the senate to the people: a senatu res ad populum reicitur
- to dismiss the senate: dimittere senatum
- night breaks up the sitting: nox senatum dirimit
- the senate decrees to Africanus the honours of a triumph: triumphum senatus Africano decernit (Fin. 4. 9. 22)
- he received from the senate the title of friend: a senatu amicus appellatus est (B. G. 1. 3)
“senatus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
senatus in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
“senatus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin