abrutir
See also: abrutìr
French
Etymology
From a- + brute + -ir.
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
abrutir
- (transitive) to render idiotic; to turn into idiots
- (transitive, intransitive) to blunt or deaden the mind
- (transitive) to overwhelm, to devastate
- (literary) to return to a brutish or bestial state
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of abrutir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | abrutir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | abrutissant /a.bʁy.ti.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | abruti /a.bʁy.ti/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | abrutis /a.bʁy.ti/ | abrutis /a.bʁy.ti/ | abrutit /a.bʁy.ti/ | abrutissons /a.bʁy.ti.sɔ̃/ | abrutissez /a.bʁy.ti.se/ | abrutissent /a.bʁy.tis/ |
| imperfect | abrutissais /a.bʁy.ti.sɛ/ | abrutissais /a.bʁy.ti.sɛ/ | abrutissait /a.bʁy.ti.sɛ/ | abrutissions /a.bʁy.ti.sjɔ̃/ | abrutissiez /a.bʁy.ti.sje/ | abrutissaient /a.bʁy.ti.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | abrutis /a.bʁy.ti/ | abrutis /a.bʁy.ti/ | abrutit /a.bʁy.ti/ | abrutîmes /a.bʁy.tim/ | abrutîtes /a.bʁy.tit/ | abrutirent /a.bʁy.tiʁ/ | |
| future | abrutirai /a.bʁy.ti.ʁe/ | abrutiras /a.bʁy.ti.ʁa/ | abrutira /a.bʁy.ti.ʁa/ | abrutirons /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | abrutirez /a.bʁy.ti.ʁe/ | abrutiront /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | abrutirais /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɛ/ | abrutirais /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɛ/ | abrutirait /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɛ/ | abrutirions /a.bʁy.ti.ʁjɔ̃/ | abrutiriez /a.bʁy.ti.ʁje/ | abrutiraient /a.bʁy.ti.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | abrutisse /a.bʁy.tis/ | abrutisses /a.bʁy.tis/ | abrutisse /a.bʁy.tis/ | abrutissions /a.bʁy.ti.sjɔ̃/ | abrutissiez /a.bʁy.ti.sje/ | abrutissent /a.bʁy.tis/ |
| imperfect2 | abrutisse /a.bʁy.tis/ | abrutisses /a.bʁy.tis/ | abrutît /a.bʁy.ti/ | abrutissions /a.bʁy.ti.sjɔ̃/ | abrutissiez /a.bʁy.ti.sje/ | abrutissent /a.bʁy.tis/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | abrutis /a.bʁy.ti/ | — | abrutissons /a.bʁy.ti.sɔ̃/ | abrutissez /a.bʁy.ti.se/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- abrutissant
- abrutissement
Further reading
- “abrutir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.